Objective To explore the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) on lung epithelial type Ⅱcells against oxidative stress damage. Methods A549 cells treated with H2O2 were used as oxidative stress damage cell model. A549 cells were divided into 3 groups: control group (C group), H2O2 treated group (H group) and PHC treated group (P group). The viability of A549 cells was measured by MTT assay. The apoptotic rate was measured by TUNEL assay. The lev?els of malonicdialed (MDA), reactive oxygen species (SOD), reduced glutathione hormone (GSH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) of cells were detected by biochemistry colorimetry. Results Compared with group C, the viability of A549 and the contents of SOD, GSH and NADPH were significantly decreased in group H, while MDA content and apoptotic rate were increased (P<0.05). Compared with group H, the viability of A549, the contents of SOD, GSH and NADPH were significantly increased in group P, while MDA content and apoptotic rate were reduced (P<0.05). Conclu?sion Penehyclidine hydrochloride shows protective effects on A549 cells through reducing the oxidative damage induced by H2O2.

AIM: To compare the effective optical zone(EOZ)and corneal high order aberrations(HOAs)after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)among low, moderate, and high myopic patients.METHODS:A total of 134 patients who had undergone SMILE at the Second People's Hospital of Foshan from February 2019 to February 2021 were recruited, with all right eyes enrolled. The patients were divided into low myopia group(SE >-3.00 D), moderate myopia group(-6.00 D< SE ≤-3.00 D), and high myopia group(SE ≤-6.00 D)according to the spherical equivalent(SE). The total HOA(tHOA), spherical aberration, coma, and EOZ were measured by Pentacam preoperatively and 1 mo postoperatively, and differences in tHOA, spherical aberration, coma, and EOZ among the three groups were analyzed.RESULTS: EOZ was smaller than programmed EOZ in all groups at 1 mo after SMILE. With the increase in corrected refractive error, the EOZ decreased further(P<0.05); The tHOA, spherical aberration, and coma were significantly higher than their corresponding preoperative values in all groups at 1 mo after surgery, and there were statistical differences in the spherical aberration of all the groups at 1 mo after surgery(P<0.05), except for that of the mild myopia group(P>0.05). The tHOA, spherical aberration and coma increased with corrected refractive errors; the difference in tHOA and spherical aberration was statistically significant among the three groups(all P<0.05). Coma in the high myopia group was significantly greater than that in the moderate myopia group and the mild myopia group(P<0.05). In addition, the coma in the moderate myopia group and the mild myopia group was not statistically significant(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: With the increase of the refractive power corrected by surgery, the postoperative EOZ reduced more after surgery, and the HOA of the cornea is increased; corneal HOA increases at 1 mo after SMILE.

Visual endotracheal intubation technique was applied in the endotracheal intubation teaching for standardized resident training as a routine teaching appliance.The residents were divided into two groups,the anesthetic speciality group and the non-anesthetic speciality group.According to the different teaching targets,teaching periods and basic abilities,the differentiated teaching Settings were built and the different teaching schemes,evaluation index and teachers were applied for the two groups respectively for fulfilling the advantages of visual laryngoscope.Until now,more than a hundred residents were educated with the endotracheal intubation,and the teaching efficiency and quality were significantly improved,which also reduced the incidence of the complications related to endotracheal intubation.

Objective:To investigate the role of vitamin D analogue paricalcitol in activating vitamin D receptor/glutathione peroxidase 4 (VDR/GPX4) pathway in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI).Methods:Twenty-four male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group, high tidal volume (HVT) induced VILI model group (HVT group), paricalcitol control group (P group), and paricalcitol pretreatment group (P+HVT group), with 6 mice in each group. The mice were endotracheal intubated and ventilated at 40 mL/kg tidal volume to prepare VILI model, while those in the control group were intubated without ventilation. The mice in the P+HVT group were intraperitoneally injected with paricalcitol 0.2 μg/kg once a day 1 week before modeling, while those in the P group were intraperitoneally injected paricalcitol 0.2 μg/kg once a day for 1 week before the experiment. After ventilation for 4 hours, the mice were sacrificed for lung tissue collection. Lung injury was evaluated by wet/dry (W/D) ratio, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining. The expressions of VDR and GPX4 were determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) contents were determined by micro method.Results:After HVT for 4 hours, compared with the control group, lung injury score and W/D ratio were significantly higher (lung injury score: 0.430±0.035 vs. 0.097±0.025, lung W/D ratio: 4.860±0.337 vs. 3.653±0.332, both P < 0.05), collagen fiber deposition was significantly increased, the content of MDA in lung tissue was significantly increased (nmol/g: 212.420±8.757 vs. 97.073±5.308, P < 0.05), GSH content and the protein expressions and immunoreactive score (IRS) of VDR and GPX4 were significantly decreased [GSH (μg/g): 44.229±1.690 vs. 70.840±0.781; VDR protein (VDR/GAPDH): 0.518±0.029 vs. 0.762±0.081, GPX4 protein (GPX4/GAPDH): 0.452±0.032 vs. 0.649±0.034; IRS score: VDR was 4.168±0.408 vs. 10.167±0.408, GPX4 was 4.333±1.033 vs. 10.333±0.516; all P < 0.05], which meant that the mice in HVT group showed obvious lung injury. After VDR was activated by paricalcitol, compared with the HVT group, lung injury score and W/D ratio were significantly decreased (lung injury score: 0.220±0.036 vs. 0.430±0.035, lung W/D ratio: 4.015±0.074 vs. 4.860±0.337, both P < 0.05), collagen fiber deposition was reduced, MDA content in lung tissue was decreased (nmol/g: 123.840±8.082 vs. 212.420±8.757, P < 0.05), GSH content and the protein expressions and IRS score of VDR and GPX4 were significantly up-regulated [GSH (μg/g): 63.094±0.992 vs. 44.229±1.690; VDR protein (VDR/GAPDH): 0.713±0.056 vs. 0.518±0.029, GPX4 protein (GPX4/GAPDH): 0.605±0.008 vs. 0.452±0.032; IRS score: VDR was 9.000±0.632 vs. 4.168±0.408, GPX4 was 8.833±0.408 vs. 4.333±1.033; all P < 0.05], which meant that lung injury in P+HVT group was significantly improved. Conclusion:Vitamin D analogue paricalcitol ameliorates pulmonary oxidation-reduction imbalance by activating the VDR/GPX4 pathway, thereby alleviating VILI.