Objective:To study the efficacy and safety of mirtazapine and paroxetine in patients with first-episode climacteric depression. Methods:A 8-week double-blind study was conducted with 90 female patients suffered with climacteric first-episode depression. Subjects were randomly assigned to either mirtazapine (n=45) or paroxetine (n=45). All subjects were evaluated with Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-17 (HAMD-17), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety,and Treatment Emergent Symptom scale (TESS) at baseline, the end of week 1, 4 and 8 after treatment. The study had lasted for 8 weeks.Results:The response rate between two groups (mirtazapine 88.9% vs paroxetine 82.2%) was similar. There were significant differences on the scores of HAMD between the two groups at the end of 1st and 8th week, and HAMA at the 1st week after treatment(21.3?3.5/25.2?2.9,18.2?3.2/21.5?2.4,t=-2.367、-3.514,P=0.042、0.032;7.2?3.5/9.8?2.3,t=-3.258,P=0.035). Mirtazapine had increased food appetite(15.6%), body weight(13.3%), hydropsia(8.9%), dry mouth(6.7%), sleep disorder and nausea(4.4%). Meanwhile paroxetine had dry mouth(22.2%), sleep disorder(20.0%), nausea(17.8%), tremor(15.6%), restlessness/agitation(13.3%) and sexual disturbance(11.1%).Conclusion:Mirtazapine has rapid response, strongly antidepressive effect in female climacteric first-episode patients and less side-effects.

Objective To introduce the technique and efficacy of the treatment of avulsion fracture at tibial insertion of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) in children through internal fixation by hollow cancellous bone screw under arthroscope.Methods December 2002 ～December 2007,internal fixation using percutaneous reduction by leverage was conducted in 68 children with avulsion fracture at tibial insertion of ACL in our hospital.In 68 children,there were 29 females and 39 males,aged 6～15 years(average age of 12 years),including 22 cases of typeⅡ(with limited knee extension)and 46 cases of type Ⅲ.The fracture was fixed by hollow titanium cancellous bone screw.Results Sixty eight cases were followed up for an average of 18 months(12～36 months).The muscle tension(mea sured by KT-2000) in injured side was recovered close to the uninjured side.Excellent reduction,solid inter nal fixation,complete healing,stable knee joint and negative Lachman and drawer tests were shown in this clinical setting.No swelling,pain and knee dysfunction were found.Impingement sign at intercondylar fossa disappeared.The patients were satisfied with their functional recovery.There was no abnormal angulation and shortness.Conclusion Treatment of avulsion fracture(type Ⅱ with limited knee extension or type Ⅲ) at tibial insertion of ACL by arthroscopic internal fixation with hollow titanium alloy cancellous bone screw could obtain accurate and reliable reduction,and avoide epiphysis injury with satisfactory functional recovery.

Objective To evalvate the influence of elbow joint stability following ulna coronoid process fractures. Methods Three cadaveric upper extremities were used. The height, width, thickness, diameter and opening angle of ulna coronoid process were measured in six arms, while the coronoid process fragments at the level of 2 mm, quarter, half, three quarter and whole height were resected consecutively, the changes of the range of the elbow joint movement were recorded. Another sixteen specimens were divided into two groups: the anterior bundle of the ulnar collateral ligaments (UCL) in one group was unrepaired; While the other repaired, then the angle of cubitus valgus between two groups was compared. Results If the osteotomy bone was within quarter of ulna coronoid process, the elbow joint function was good. However, in cases of osteotomy on half of coronoid process, the elbow extension function was limited and the elbow became unstable. After reduction with internal fixation, the angle of cubitus valgus was greater in the second group, and the difference of elbow joint in flexion 0?, 30?, 60?, 90? and 120? had statistical significance(P

Objective: To explore the mechanism of anti-aging effect of acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36). Methods: Thirty mice of 28 weeks old were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, model group and acupuncture group. Sub-acute aging model was established by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose. The activity of Superoxide Dismutase(SOD) and content of serum Malondialdehyde(MDA) were measured. Morphological changes of jejunal mucosa were observed with light microscope. Result: SOD activity in the acupuncture group was highest among the three groups, whereas, MDA content was the lowest. In the model group, the ratio of normal intestinal villus was decreased, the intestinal villus was shrunk, and there were more epithelial cells desquamated. In acupuncture group, there were less abnormal intestinal villus and epithelial cell. Conclusion: Acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) has an effect in resisting aging by increasing the activity of serum SOD, decreasing the MDA contents, and improving the intestinal villus.

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a systemic disease mainly characterized by chronic and symmetric polyarthritis. Peripheral neuropathy due to RA, however, is uncommon.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical manifestations and laboratory findings of RA complicated by peripheral neuropathy in 5 cases.DESIGN: A retrospective case analysis based on patients as subjects.SETTING: Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 567 RA patients were admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1983 to December 2002, including 5 cases of peripheral neuropathy. All the cases met the criteria for RA formulated by American Rheumatism Association(ARA), according to which 5 cases of peripheral neuropathy in the active phase were confirmed due to RA. The laboratory indexes in 5 cases accorded with the active core indexes of RA.METHODS: Clinical data of 5 cases of RA were analyzed, and symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, as well as the indexes recorded electrophysiologically and in laboratory were recorded and assessed MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sex, age, course of disease, severity of muscle strength disorder and sensory disorder, electromyography(EMG),biopsy of muscle and nerve, and related laboratory indexes.RESULTS: Five cases were enrolled, including 2 males and 3 females, 42 to 60 years of age(meanly 52 years old), and the course of disease ranged 1 to 14 years, and 5.4 years on the average. Four cases were hospitalized for neurological manifestations, accounting for 80% (4/5), and the other one appeared to have decreased muscle strength and hypoalgesia. Asthenia and numbness of limbs and hypoalgesia of the distal of limbs occurred in 4 cases,paraesthesia in 3 cases, foot drop in 2 cases, carpoptosis in 1 case, myatrophy in 3 cases, decreased muscle strength in 5 cases, and tendon areflexia in 3 cases; joint swelling or pain during the appearance and aggravation of peripheral neuropathy in 4 cases, increased erythrocyte sedimentation, increased level of C-reactive protein, high-titer rheumatoid factor and X-ray changes of joints( i. e., narrowed joint space or erosion and destruction on surface of joint) in 5 cases There were 3 cases complicated by vasculitis, and 2 cases by rheumatoid nodules. EMG showed damages of peripheral nerves in 4 cases. Muscle biopsy and nerve biopsy exhibited neurogenic lesion and chronic moderate axonal neuropathy respectively in 1 case.CONCLUSION: In the present study, the incidence of peripheral polyneuropathy was 1% (5/569), which mainly occurred or was aggravated in the active phase of RA. Among the 5 cases of peripheral neuropathy, 100% (5/5 )developed decreased muscle strength, 60% (3/5) developed myatrophy and 80% (4/5) had symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. The findings are helpful in the early diagnosis of RA.

OBJECTIVE: One possible autoantigen-human cartilage glycoprotein 39(HC gp-39) becomes a hotspot in the researches on the morbidity and the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) by international rheumatologists in recent years. This exploration would investigate the source, structure, and biochemical significance of HC gp-39 and its effects in RA morbidity.DATA SOURCES: HC gp-39 related articles between January 1990 and January 2004 were searched by the computer on Medline with the searching word of "HC gp-39" and the language of the article was limited in English.STUDY SELECTION: Totally 100 English literatures related with HCgp-39 were selected.DATA EXTRACTION: Related literatures were extracted according to the latest progress of HC gp-39.DATA SYNTHESIS: Summery was summed up according to the source,structure and function of HC gp-39,and the relationship between HC gp-39and disease,especially the relationship between HC gp-39 and RA.CONCLUSION: HC gp-39 can be used as another measurable indicator except the traditional indicators for RA activity. The establishment of serological detection method has certain significance for RA early diagnosis,the judgment of the situation of RA,the improvement of prognosis and transformation. Antigen-specific immunotherapy can be considered.

Objective To investigate the incidence of thyroid space occupying lesion by ultrasound imaging in patients with breast cancer.Methods From 2009 to 2012,150 patients with breast cancer as experimental group and another 150 patients with breast benign diseases as control group underwent thyroid ultrasound examination.Ultrasound results of the two groups were analyzed to find the differences.Restult More obvious space occupying lesions were found in experimental group than those in control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The incidence rate of thyroid space occupying lesion in the patients with breast cancer is higher than that in the patients with no breast cancer.

Objective To study the significance of expression of VEGF in the hepatocellular carcinoma tissue(HCT) and the expression of AFPmRNA in the peripheral vein blood in hepatocellular carcinoma patients(HCC) with metastasis. Methods AFPmRNA was detected in peripheral blood before operation and the expression of VEGF in HCC tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry after operation in 20 patients. The relations between the expression of VEGF protein and AFPmRNA with clinicpathological parameters were analyzed statistically. Results (1)Among the 20 patients with HCC, 10 were positive expression of VEGF protein, which had no relation with the clinicopathological parameters. (2)Of the 20 patients, positive expression of AFPmRNA were detected in the peripheral blood in 15 patients, and AFP≥200?g/L were found in 13 patients.(3) AFPmRNA in the peripheral blood vein was detected in 9 of 10 patients with VEGF positive expression. Conclusions (1)Either VEGF protein expressed in HCC tissue or AFPmRNA detected in the peripheral blood could be as a guide line to judge the tendency of the metastasis of HCC,however former is simpler and the later is more sensitive . (2)The detection of AFPmRNA in the peripheral blood is more sensitive than the detection of serum AFP lever for surveillance of the high risk patients and postoperative follow up of the patients with HCC.

Objective To investigate the protein expression of cyclooxygenase(COX)-2 and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2 and their correlation in human gastric carcinoma.Methods The protein expression of COX-2 and MMP-2 was determined by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues and adjacent cancerous tissues (3 cm and 6 cm away from tumor margin) of 30 patients with gastric cancer,and in gastric mucosa of 10 healthy individuals.Results Expression of COX-2 was found in cancer cells of 26 out of 30 cases (86.67%),which was significantly higher than that in normal control (0 of 10,P

BACKGROUND:At present, there is still lack of related reports about the aging process of in vitro cultured epidermal cells, since epidermal cells are seed cells necessary for the construction of tissue engineered skin, this articleis is aimed to investigate the biological property of normal human epidermal cells during aging process so as to provide a foundation for the selection of seed cells for tissue engineered skin OBJECTIVE: To observe the in vitro proliferation and aging property of human epidermal cells in order to provide a foundation for the proper selection of seed cells for tissue engineered skin.DESIGN: A self-comparative experiment.SETTING: Orthopedic Surgery Research Instioute of Weifang Medical College and the General Surgery Department of Weifang Medical College Affiliated Hospital.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Orthopedic Surgery Research Institute of Weifang Medical College, between September 2000and September 2002. Healthy foreskin tissue was obtained from 20 normal boys of 6-8 years old who received peritomy at the General Surgery Department of Weifang Medical College Affiliated Hospital.METHODS: Epidermal cells were obtained from normal young people for subculture. Cells were collected from different culture passages and taken as subjects, and their aging characteristics were assessed through morphological observation, population doubling time (PDT), immune cytochemistry and beta-galactosidase staining. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The changes of the epidermal cell growth characteristics. ② The morphological changes of the epidermal cells. ③ The epidermal cell phenotypic changes. RESULTS: ① The clanges of the epidermal cell growth characteristics: Cells were in vitro cultured by monolayer for 9 passages, and PDT of P2 was the shortest. The cells showed strong proliferation in the first 5 passages.From P6, PDT was obviously prolonged, but the cells from P8 did not proliferate any longer. ② The morphological changes of epidermal cells: The primary cultured cells began to proliferate 3 days later, which accelerated 4 days later. The cells became approximately fused in about 1 week. The growth of epidermal cells was identified with a microscope and the immuno histological techniques. ③ The epidermal cell phenotypic changes: Along with the consecutive subculture, histological expression of beta-galactosidase was found to show an increasing tendency from weak expression (occupying 9% of the young cells) to strong expression (occupying 65% of aging cells), and the positive expression rate of beta-galactosidase was found to be remarkably correlated with cell passage age (r=0.87, P ＜ 0.01). CONCLUSION: ① Compared with young cells, aging cells displayed more obvious aging morphology and enzyme cyto-chemical characteristics.During the cell aging process, the PDT of cells showed an increasing tendency. ②Compared with young cells, the expression of beta-galactosidase in aging cells was remarkably increased, and this increase paralleled with the appearance of cell aging phenotype and the loss of cell proliferation capability, and reflects the aging degree of cells. ③ The in vitro cultured normal human epidermal cell aging model was established in this experiment. The results of this experiment indicated that epidermal cells from the 1st -5th passage (donators aged 16-18 years old) can be taken as the optimal seed cells for tissue engineered skin construction.