Objective To investigate the expressions and clinical significances of Runt-domain-related 3 (Runx3) and chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 5 (CHD5) in colorectal cancer.Methods Ninety-six colorectal cancer tissue samples and matched adjacent normal tissues and 72 colorectal adenoma tissues were collected.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of Runx3 and CHD5.The associations of Runx3 and CHD5 expression with clinical pathological characteristics,diagnostic value and prognosis relationship of patients were further analyzed.Results Runx3 and CHD5 relative expressions of mRNA and protein were 0.35 ± 0.00,0.28 ± 0.02 and 0.26 ± 0.02,0.31 ± 0.01,which were significantly lower than those in the matched adjacent tissues 0.95 ± 0.02,0.92 ± 0.02 and 0.89 ± 0.03,0.93 ± 0.02 (t =2.36,P ＜ 0.05;t =1.25,P ＜ 0.05;t =1.37,P ＜ 0.05;t =1.13,P ＜ 0.05) and colorectal adenoma tissues 0.89 ± 0.02,0.90 ± 0.02 and 0.85±0.02,0.87±0.04 (t=2.27,P＜0.05;t=2.16,P＜0.05;t=1.25,P＜0.05;t=2.65,P＜0.05).Runx3 and CHD5 expressions differed significantly between tumors with different TNM stages (x2 =4.65,P =0.031;x2 =7.89,P =0.005),depths of tumor invasion (x2 =4.17,P =0.041;x2 =4.86,P =0.028),lymph node statuses (x2 =4.20,P =0.040;x2 =7.02,P =0.008),or histological differentiation (x2 =7.31 P =0.036;x2 =9.54,P =0.023).Linear correlation analysis showed that the expressions of the two genes were positively correlated (r =0.572,P =0.001).Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that Runx3 and CHD5 had diagnostic value (AUC were 0.712,0.745;sensitivity and specificity were 45.9％,52.5％ and 83.6％,81.4％ respectively).Runx3 and CHD5 both low expression group compared with the other patient groups in overall survival time (x2 =8.156,P ＜ O.05) and progression-free survival (x2 =6.325,P ＜ 0.05) had statistically significant differences.Conclusion Runx3 and CHD5 are low expressed in colorectal cancer and may prove useful as biomarkers for diagnosis target and prognostic indication in patients with colorectal cancer.

Objective To discuss Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(MRS) on the localization diagnosis of primary epilepsy patients with hippocampal lesions before operation.Methods 50 patients with idiopathic epilepsy (epilepsy group) and 32 healthy volunteers (healthy control group) were underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging ( MRI) and MRS examination.Results ( 1 ) MRI showed that results of examination in the healthy control group were all normal.Epilepsy group of 38 cases were found abnormal in hippocampal area,and all patients were unilateral. 27 cases of them reduced with hippocampal volume, while signal abnormality was in 7 cases, 4 cases occurred simultaneously reduced with hippocampal volume,and therer was no obvious abnormal signals in 12 cases of patients with epilepsy of hippocampus volume and signal.( 2 ) MRS examination results:the healthy control group MRS were normal.50 epileptic patients in group MRS showed that hippocampal abnormalities.The epilepsy group NAA/( Cho+Cr) ,NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr were significantly lower than those of the healthy control group;epilepsy group disease side hippocampus NAA/(Cho+Cr),NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr values have different degrees of reduction,compared with the contralateral side,the value of t were 12.716,9.155,17.476,all P<0.01.(3)50 cases of epilepsy patients in the epilepsy group disease side compared with the contralateral side,the side of hippocampus NAA/disease ( Cho+Cr) , NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr values were decreased,the test values of t were 7.295,6.303,2.761,all P<0.01.(4)50 cases of operation patients underwent postoperative pathological examination of resected tissue,resection of neurons,tissue showed different degrees of reduction,microglia proliferation and neuronophagia phenomenon.Comparison of the posi-tive rate of MRS and MRI examination,χ2 =13.636,P<0.01.Conclusion Magnetic resonance spectroscopy analy-sis can play the important role in the evaluation of epilepsy surgery preoperative epilepsy,MRS examination for preop-erative diagnosis positive rate is high,the localization diagnosis with high reliability.

Background The early disorder of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the damage of retinal neural cells induced by high glucose and lack of oxygen.Previous studies show that bushenhuoxue serum can enhance the activity of glutamine synthetase (GS) in Müller cells under hypoxia,and glutamate-mediated retinal excitotoxicity also can be reduced by bushenhuoxue serum intervention.However,whether the concentration of glycine can be increased by bushenhuoxue serum is not clear.Objective This study was to investigate the protective effects of bushenhuoxue serum on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) under hypoxia.Methods The Sprague Dawley (SD) rat serum containing bushenhuoxue was prepared.The RGCs of newborn SD rats were purified and identified by a twostep immunopanning procedure.After 72 hours,all RGCs were cultured in 96-well plates and divided into four groups:normal control group (cultured in adult SD rats normal serum),bushenhuoxue group (cultured in bushenhuoxue serum),hypoxia group (cultured in 1 mmol/L sodium dithionite); hypoxia + bushenhuoxue intervention group (cultured in bushenhuoxue serum+sodium dithionite).Glutamate and glycine contents in the extracellular fluid were detected by L-8800 automatic amino acid analyzer,and the content of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was assayed using LDH kits in 24,48 and 72 hours after culture.Results Cultured cells showed the green fluorescence under the immnofluorescence microscope.The contents of glutamate,glycine and LDH in the extracellular fluid were (0.0805±0.0010)mg/L,(0.0554±0.001 5)mg/L and (1 626.03 ±122.10)μmol/(min · L) in the normal control group in 24 hours after culture,and those in the hypoxia group were (0.022 5±0.001 1) mg/L,(0.014 6±0.001 1)mg/L and (1 458.68±94.23)μμmol/(min · L),showing significant reducing in the hypoxia group (q =-3.53,P =0.00 ; q =-2.45,P =0.00 ; q =-2.98,P =0.02).Compared with the normal control group,LDH and glycine contents in the extracellular fluid were significant raised in the hypoxia group 48 hours after culture (q =2.55,P =0.01 ;q =4.48,P =0.00).Seventy two hours after culture,the glutamate and glycine contents in the hypoxia group were higher than those of the normal control group (q =2.45,P =0.00 ;q =3.72,P =0.00).In 48 and 72 hours of culture,the contents of glycine were (0.017 4±0.001 5) and (0.019 2±0.001 2) mg/L in the hypoxia+bushenhuoxue intervention group,which were significantly higher than (0.016 0±0.001 2) and (0.018 0±0.000 8) mg/L in the hypoxiagroup (q=2.28,P=0.04;q=2.33,P=0.03),but the LDH level were (1 632.94±264.31) and (1 875.00±137.45)μmol/(min · L) in the hypoxia+ bushenhuoxue intervention group,which were lower than (1 688.49 ± 112.86) and (2 267.86 ± 175.21) μmol/(min · L) of the hypoxia group (q =-2.95,P =0.02 ; q =-2.35,P=0.00).No significant differences were seen in the glutamate content 24,48 and 72 hours after culture (P=0.55,0.28,0.46).A positive correlation was seen between the glutamate content and glycine content in the extracellular fluid (Kendall coefficient =0.519,Spearman coefficient =0.696,both at P =0.000).Conclusions The release levels of glutamate and glycine increase in the hypoxia RGCs,which probably is a compensatory response of RGCs.Bushenhuoxue serum can protect RGCs against injury by increasing the release of glycine and decreasing the LDH leakage from RGCs.

Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of zhidanhuayu decoction on patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque.Methods 80 patients with carotid atherosclerosis were randomly divided into two groups, each group of 40 cases, the control group was treated with rosuvastatin calcium 20 mg, once every night.The treatment group in the control group on the basis of a scheme based on the use of night zhidanhuayu decoction water 500 mL temperature and heat to 200 mL, then add water and cook until 200 mL to 100 mL, on the afternoon of two phase decoction against half amount of clothes, a daily agent;the two groups were 3 months for 1 courses.Before and after treatment, the mean medial thickness(IMT), plaque score, blood lipid and adverse reactions were observed.Results There was significant difference between the two groups before and after treatment, the difference was significant between the medial and middle thickness(IMT), plaque score and blood lipid(P< 0.05).After treatment, compared with the control group, the treatment group and the control group, IMT, plaque score, blood lipids were statistically significant(P< 0.05).Conclusion Zhidanhuayu decoction can adjust the blood lipids, but also has the effect of anti atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the gentamycin-induced ototoxity and mechanism on cochlear outer hair cells. METHODS All the guinea pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups. Gentamycin, gentimycin plus furosemide and normal saline were intraperitoneally injected for 6 days respectively. The amplititude of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE)urface prepration of cochlear basilar membrane, hair cells’ apoptosis and expression of caspase-3 after injection were analyzed. RESULTS Reduction of the DPOAE amplitude, hair cell damage, apoptosis and Caspase-3 expression were observed in group injected with gentamycin as well as in group injected with gentamycin plus furosemide. CONCLUSION Gentamycin should induce hair cell damage in the cochlea of guinea pigs and Caspase-3 plays an important role in the process of hair cell apoptosis.

Objective To compare the curative effect of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate and compound ammonium glycyrrhetate in patients with liver cirrhosis of decompensated.Methods Eighty-six patients with liver cirrhosis of decompensated were enrolled into the study and randomly divided into two groups: the treatment group(n=43) were given magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate once a day in addition to routine treatment;the control group(n=43) were given compound ammonium glycyrrhetate once a day in addition to routine treatment.The clinical manifestation,including symptoms,signs and hepatic function were observed.The clinical lab data,including blood routine examination,urine routine test and kidney function of all patients from two groups were collected before and after the treatments.The adverse drug reactions were monitored throughout the whole therapy.Results ALT and AST turned to normal in 97.7%(42/43) and 90.7%(39/43) of patients respectively in the treatment group,which were significantly higher than those of 72.1%(31/43) and 74.4%(32/43) respectively in the control group( x2=9.86 and 4.73,respectively,Ps＜0.05). Time to turning to normal in ALT and AST were(21.6±9.1)d and(23.1±10.6)d in the treatment group,which were significantly lower than those of(37.5±17.8)d,and(46.7±19.4)d respectively in the control group(t=5.23 and 7.01,respectively,Ps＜0.01).Conclusion The results suggested that magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate had better effect on alleviating symptoms and decreasing enzyme in treatment of liver cirrhosis of decompensated stage.

Small RNAs (sRNA) are produced abundantly in either plants or animals and function in regulating gene expression or in defense against virus infection. Deep sequencing of small RNAs is an emerging technology in virus identification and de novo assembly of virus genomes and is demonstrated to be an effective method to discover new viruses and monitor virus variation. A significant number of viruses from plants, invertebrates and human cells has been successfully identified using this technology. In this paper, we summarized the principle, operation process and latest advances of sRNA deep sequencing We also showed the feasibility of sRNA deep sequencing by bioinformatic analysis using sRNA deep sequencing dataset public available for the detection of viruses.
Genomics ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; methods ; RNA, Small Untranslated ; genetics ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; methods ; Viruses ; genetics ; isolation & purification

The pharmacokinetics and tissue distributions of the novel paclitaxel microemulsion based on the L-OH lipid complex made in our laboratory were studied in this article with the commercial paclitaxel injection in cremophor as reference preparation by injected intravenously with single dose of 5 mg x kg(-1) in rats. LC-MS/MS method was used to determine the drug concentration in plasma and calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. [3H]-paclitaxel was used to reveal the tissue distributions of different organs in 0.5 h, 3 h, 24 h and 120 h. The results indicated that the AUC of the emulsion group descended to 42.55%, with the CLz and Vz increased by 2.27 times and 3.81 times respectively. Tissue distribution results revealed that the emulsion showed a significantly increase in liver and spleen with a peak concentration up to 5 times; a slightly increase was observed in lung with no statistical differences; a significantly decrease in heart, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow, aorta, thymus, pancreas, fat, muscle, skin, seminal vesicle, reproductive organs and brain with a drop of 40%-80%. These results indicated that paclitaxel microemulsion based on L-OH lipid complexes can remarkably reduced the blood exposure, accelerate plasma clearance rate and increase distribution volume. The fact that paclitaxel microemulsion tended to be uptake by reticuloendothelial system (RES) contributed to the target in liver, spleen and lung, and help to reduce the toxicity in blood, heart, kidney and gastrointestinal tract.

Objective To review the feedback from trainees and trainers of interactive clinical skill training workshop for general practice.Methods An interactive clinical training workshop was held on October,2014,medical staff from 17 provinces or municipalities attended the workshop.Feedback from 86 trainees was collected by questionnaire survey,while the feedback from 12 trainers was collected by focus group.Results Total 86 questionnaires were collected from trainees with a response rate of 100％.The average working year of trainees was 15.6 ; 38.4％ of them were general practitioners in community health centers; and most of them had no similar trainings before.Among 86 trainees,70 (81.4％) thought that the training contents were relevant to their daily work,76 (88.4％) thought that workshop was good method for the training.More than 55.0％ trainees told that the training contents met their expectation ; 76 (88.4％) thought that the workshop was well conducted in general,68 (79.1％) were willing to participate similar training workshops in the future.However,the contents probably need similar training advised by the trainers in the questionnaire were not agreed by trainees.The trainers thought the width and depth of training contents should be modified according to the trainees' level.Basic knowledge,basic clinical skill and common diseases should be emphasized ; and the concept of general practice and indications of referral were among the important but difficult parts in the training.For an interactive clinical skill training,teaching materials preparation,lacale control and local teaching facilities were all important.Conclusions Clinical skill training is an important part of general practitioners' training,and workshop is an effective way for training.The training contentd should be more closer to the daily work of general practitioners.

【Objective】To observe the anti-depression effect of Shugan Hewei Granules(SHG) on mice with behavioral despair.【Methods】Kunming mice were randomized into 5 groups: model group,low-,moderate-and high-dose SHG groups(in the dosages of 0.25,0.5 and 1.0 g?kg-1?d-1respectively) and chloropromazine(CP) group.Tail suspension test and forced swimming test were used to investigate immobility time of mice.【Results】Moderate-and high-dose SHG shortened the immobility time obviously during tail suspension test and forced swimming test(P