Acute kidney injury (AKI) has high morbidity and mortality, but effective clinical drugs and management are lacking. Previous studies have suggested that macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammatory response to AKI and may serve as potential therapeutic targets. Emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) in mediating macrophage activation and polarization in various diseases, but the specific mechanisms by which FoxO1 regulates macrophages during AKI remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of FoxO1 in macrophages in the pathogenesis of AKI. We observed a significant upregulation of FoxO1 in kidney macrophages following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Additionally, our findings demonstrated that the administration of FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856-encapsulated liposome (AS-Lipo), mainly acting on macrophages, effectively mitigated renal injury induced by I/R injury in mice. By generating myeloid-specific FoxO1-knockout mice, we further observed that the deficiency of FoxO1 in myeloid cells protected against I/R injury-induced AKI. Furthermore, our study provided evidence of FoxO1's pivotal role in macrophage chemotaxis, inflammation, and migration. Moreover, the impact of FoxO1 on the regulation of macrophage migration was mediated through RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (ARHGEF1), indicating that ARHGEF1 may serve as a potential intermediary between FoxO1 and the activity of the RhoA pathway. Consequently, our findings propose that FoxO1 plays a crucial role as a mediator and biomarker in the context of AKI. Targeting macrophage FoxO1 pharmacologically could potentially offer a promising therapeutic approach for AKI.

Intentional tooth replantation (ITR) is an advanced treatment modality and the procedure of last resort for preserving teeth with inaccessible endodontic or resorptive lesions. ITR is defined as the deliberate extraction of a tooth; evaluation of the root surface, endodontic manipulation, and repair; and placement of the tooth back into its original socket. Case reports, case series, cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of ITR in the retention of natural teeth that are untreatable or difficult to manage with root canal treatment or endodontic microsurgery. However, variations in clinical protocols for ITR exist due to the empirical nature of the original protocols and rapid advancements in the field of oral biology and dental materials. This heterogeneity in protocols may cause confusion among dental practitioners; therefore, guidelines and considerations for ITR should be explicated. This expert consensus discusses the biological foundation of ITR, the available clinical protocols and current status of ITR in treating teeth with refractory apical periodontitis or anatomical aberration, and the main complications of this treatment, aiming to refine the clinical management of ITR in accordance with the progress of basic research and clinical studies; the findings suggest that ITR may become a more consistent evidence-based option in dental treatment.
Humans ; Tooth Replantation/methods* ; Consensus ; Periapical Periodontitis/surgery*

The emergence of AlphaFold has catalyzed a paradigm shift in protein structure prediction, redefining the landscape of computational biology through its iterative evolution. The developmental trajectory spans three transformative iterations: the foundational AlphaFold prototype, its revolutionary successor AlphaFold2, and the recently unveiled AlphaFold3. AlphaFold2 marked a quantum leap in 2020 by introducing an end-to-end deep learning architecture that achieved atomic-level accuracy, decisively solving the decades-old protein folding problem as demonstrated by its unprecedented performance at CASP14 (Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction). Building upon this framework, AlphaFold3 represents an evolutionary leap, expanding predictive capabilities to model intricate biomolecular complexes including ligand-protein binding interfaces and nucleic acid interactions.These advancements have unlocked transformative applications across multiple domains: enabling rapid proteome-scale structural annotations in structural biology, accelerating virtual screening pipelines in drug discovery, and facilitating viral protein characterization in emerging virology research. However, persistent limitations in modeling conformational dynamics and transient binding states underscore the need for continued methodological refinement. This comprehensive analysis examines the algorithmic innovations driving AlphaFold′s progression, evaluates its multidisciplinary applications, and critically assesses current technical constraints-providing a framework to guide future developments at the intersection of artificial intelligence and molecular bioscience.

Objective:To compare the short-term clinical outcomes of robotic gastrectomy (RG) and laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) in treating gastric cancer, as well as the overall 5-year's survival rate.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study, 874 patients undergoing minimally invasive gastrectomy were recruited from Jan 2016 to Jan 2020 (LG: n=719; RG: n=155). A one-to-one propensity score matching analysis was applied to minimize the selection bias due to confounding factors, yielding 150 patients in each of the RG and LG groups. After matching, the short-term outcomes and 5-year overall survival were compared in the two groups. Results:The propensity score matching cohort analysis showed a similar 5-year overall survival between RG and LG groups ( P=0.235). Concerning the short-term outcomes, the RG compared to LG resulted in lower blood loss ( P=0.011), lower postoperative complications ( P=0.001), less postoperative pain ( P=0.014), earlier initiation of soft diet ( P=0.010), shorter hospital stay ( P=0.011), but higher hospitalization expenses ( P=0.004). Conclusions:RG had a similar overall survival outcome compared to LG while offering better safety and efficacy in terms of less blood loss, lower surgery complications, faster recovery, and less postoperative pain. Higher hospital expenses were the main disadvantage of RG that could limit its application.

Objective To investigate the value of MRI radiomics for the preoperative noninvasive prediction of isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH)mutation status in glioma.Methods Totally,306 glioma patients were retrospectively selected.All patients were randomly assigned into training group(n=214)and validation group(n=92)at a ratio of 7∶3.Region of interest(ROI)was manually delineated by two radiologists independently on the fluid attenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR)and contrast enhanced(CE)MRI images for obtaining whole volume of interest(VOI)of lesion.A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted from the VOI,respectively.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)method was used for features dimension reduction combing 10-fold cross validation.Three Radiomics score(Radscore)were calculated by linear combination of retained features and their corresponding coefficients.The optimal Radscore and clinical characteristics were incorporated to perform logistic regression analysis for establishing the IDH mutation status noninvasive prediction model.A nomogram was plotted for realizing the visualization of model.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted to evaluate the prediction performance of model.The calibration and clinical utility of the model were evaluated by calibration curve and decision curve.Results The area under the curve(AUC)of Radscore-combined based on combination of two sequences was 0.856 in the training group,which was superior to the Radscore-CE(AUC=0.821),Radscore-FLAIR(AUC=0.766)from single sequence,with consistent result in the validation group.The addition of clinical characteristics to the model improved predictive value with AUC,sensitivity and specificity of 0.898,79.59％,90.52％in the training group.Conclusion The radiomics model based on FLAIR and CE MRI contributes to preoperative noninvasive prediction of IDH mutation status in glioma.The combination of multi-sequence and the addition of clinical characteristics can improve the prediction performance.

Objective To compare the clinical pregnancy outcomes of tamoxifen(TAM),TAM combined with intrauterine perfusion of platelet-rich plasma(PRP),and hormone replacement therapy(HRT)combined with intrauterine perfusion of PRP for frozen-thawed embryo transfer(FET)in patients with thin endometrium.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 321 patients with thin endometrium(endome-trial thickness≤7 mm in previous cycles)who underwent FET at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Hospital from January 2023 to April 2025.According to the treatment protocols,the patients were divided into three groups:TAM group(Group A,n=98),TAM+PRP group(Group B,n=91),and HRT+PRP group(Group C,n=132).General information,endometrial thickness on the conversion day before and after treatment,clinical pregnancy outcomes,andcosts of endometrial preparation treatment were com-pared among the three groups.Results There were no significant differences in age,duration of infertility,type of infertility,anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH)level,basal follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)among the three groups(P>0.05).After treatment,there were no significant differences in endometrial thickness on the conversion day or the extent of increase among the three groups(P>0.05).The clinical pregnancy rates in Group A,Group B,and Group C were 56.1%,51.6%,and 43.2%respectively,with a significant difference(P=0.011);the embryo implantation rates were 43.6%,45.5%,and 34.6%respectively,showing a significant difference(P=0.019).The early abortion rate in Group A(3.64%)was significantly lower than that in Group C(15.79%)(P<0.01).In terms of treatment cost of endometrial preparation treatment,the cost in Group A(676.5±494.5 Yuan)was significantly lower than that in Group B(2 401.2±764.2 Yuan)and Group C(3 093.8±758.3 Yuan)(P<0.01).Conclusion In FET cycles for patients with thin endometrium,the clinical outcomes of TAM,TAM+PRP and HRT+PRP are comparable,and TAM demonstrates advantages in terms of a lower early miscarrage rate and better cost-effectiveness,thus serving as an option for endometrial preparation in patients with thin endometrium.

The emergence of AlphaFold has catalyzed a paradigm shift in protein structure prediction, redefining the landscape of computational biology through its iterative evolution. The developmental trajectory spans three transformative iterations: the foundational AlphaFold prototype, its revolutionary successor AlphaFold2, and the recently unveiled AlphaFold3. AlphaFold2 marked a quantum leap in 2020 by introducing an end-to-end deep learning architecture that achieved atomic-level accuracy, decisively solving the decades-old protein folding problem as demonstrated by its unprecedented performance at CASP14 (Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction). Building upon this framework, AlphaFold3 represents an evolutionary leap, expanding predictive capabilities to model intricate biomolecular complexes including ligand-protein binding interfaces and nucleic acid interactions.These advancements have unlocked transformative applications across multiple domains: enabling rapid proteome-scale structural annotations in structural biology, accelerating virtual screening pipelines in drug discovery, and facilitating viral protein characterization in emerging virology research. However, persistent limitations in modeling conformational dynamics and transient binding states underscore the need for continued methodological refinement. This comprehensive analysis examines the algorithmic innovations driving AlphaFold′s progression, evaluates its multidisciplinary applications, and critically assesses current technical constraints-providing a framework to guide future developments at the intersection of artificial intelligence and molecular bioscience.

Objective To compare the clinical pregnancy outcomes of tamoxifen(TAM),TAM combined with intrauterine perfusion of platelet-rich plasma(PRP),and hormone replacement therapy(HRT)combined with intrauterine perfusion of PRP for frozen-thawed embryo transfer(FET)in patients with thin endometrium.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 321 patients with thin endometrium(endome-trial thickness≤7 mm in previous cycles)who underwent FET at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Hospital from January 2023 to April 2025.According to the treatment protocols,the patients were divided into three groups:TAM group(Group A,n=98),TAM+PRP group(Group B,n=91),and HRT+PRP group(Group C,n=132).General information,endometrial thickness on the conversion day before and after treatment,clinical pregnancy outcomes,andcosts of endometrial preparation treatment were com-pared among the three groups.Results There were no significant differences in age,duration of infertility,type of infertility,anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH)level,basal follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)among the three groups(P>0.05).After treatment,there were no significant differences in endometrial thickness on the conversion day or the extent of increase among the three groups(P>0.05).The clinical pregnancy rates in Group A,Group B,and Group C were 56.1%,51.6%,and 43.2%respectively,with a significant difference(P=0.011);the embryo implantation rates were 43.6%,45.5%,and 34.6%respectively,showing a significant difference(P=0.019).The early abortion rate in Group A(3.64%)was significantly lower than that in Group C(15.79%)(P<0.01).In terms of treatment cost of endometrial preparation treatment,the cost in Group A(676.5±494.5 Yuan)was significantly lower than that in Group B(2 401.2±764.2 Yuan)and Group C(3 093.8±758.3 Yuan)(P<0.01).Conclusion In FET cycles for patients with thin endometrium,the clinical outcomes of TAM,TAM+PRP and HRT+PRP are comparable,and TAM demonstrates advantages in terms of a lower early miscarrage rate and better cost-effectiveness,thus serving as an option for endometrial preparation in patients with thin endometrium.

Objective To investigate the value of MRI radiomics for the preoperative noninvasive prediction of isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH)mutation status in glioma.Methods Totally,306 glioma patients were retrospectively selected.All patients were randomly assigned into training group(n=214)and validation group(n=92)at a ratio of 7∶3.Region of interest(ROI)was manually delineated by two radiologists independently on the fluid attenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR)and contrast enhanced(CE)MRI images for obtaining whole volume of interest(VOI)of lesion.A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted from the VOI,respectively.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)method was used for features dimension reduction combing 10-fold cross validation.Three Radiomics score(Radscore)were calculated by linear combination of retained features and their corresponding coefficients.The optimal Radscore and clinical characteristics were incorporated to perform logistic regression analysis for establishing the IDH mutation status noninvasive prediction model.A nomogram was plotted for realizing the visualization of model.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted to evaluate the prediction performance of model.The calibration and clinical utility of the model were evaluated by calibration curve and decision curve.Results The area under the curve(AUC)of Radscore-combined based on combination of two sequences was 0.856 in the training group,which was superior to the Radscore-CE(AUC=0.821),Radscore-FLAIR(AUC=0.766)from single sequence,with consistent result in the validation group.The addition of clinical characteristics to the model improved predictive value with AUC,sensitivity and specificity of 0.898,79.59％,90.52％in the training group.Conclusion The radiomics model based on FLAIR and CE MRI contributes to preoperative noninvasive prediction of IDH mutation status in glioma.The combination of multi-sequence and the addition of clinical characteristics can improve the prediction performance.

Objective:To compare the short-term clinical outcomes of robotic gastrectomy (RG) and laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) in treating gastric cancer, as well as the overall 5-year's survival rate.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study, 874 patients undergoing minimally invasive gastrectomy were recruited from Jan 2016 to Jan 2020 (LG: n=719; RG: n=155). A one-to-one propensity score matching analysis was applied to minimize the selection bias due to confounding factors, yielding 150 patients in each of the RG and LG groups. After matching, the short-term outcomes and 5-year overall survival were compared in the two groups. Results:The propensity score matching cohort analysis showed a similar 5-year overall survival between RG and LG groups ( P=0.235). Concerning the short-term outcomes, the RG compared to LG resulted in lower blood loss ( P=0.011), lower postoperative complications ( P=0.001), less postoperative pain ( P=0.014), earlier initiation of soft diet ( P=0.010), shorter hospital stay ( P=0.011), but higher hospitalization expenses ( P=0.004). Conclusions:RG had a similar overall survival outcome compared to LG while offering better safety and efficacy in terms of less blood loss, lower surgery complications, faster recovery, and less postoperative pain. Higher hospital expenses were the main disadvantage of RG that could limit its application.