Acute kidney injury (AKI) has high morbidity and mortality, but effective clinical drugs and management are lacking. Previous studies have suggested that macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammatory response to AKI and may serve as potential therapeutic targets. Emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) in mediating macrophage activation and polarization in various diseases, but the specific mechanisms by which FoxO1 regulates macrophages during AKI remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of FoxO1 in macrophages in the pathogenesis of AKI. We observed a significant upregulation of FoxO1 in kidney macrophages following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Additionally, our findings demonstrated that the administration of FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856-encapsulated liposome (AS-Lipo), mainly acting on macrophages, effectively mitigated renal injury induced by I/R injury in mice. By generating myeloid-specific FoxO1-knockout mice, we further observed that the deficiency of FoxO1 in myeloid cells protected against I/R injury-induced AKI. Furthermore, our study provided evidence of FoxO1's pivotal role in macrophage chemotaxis, inflammation, and migration. Moreover, the impact of FoxO1 on the regulation of macrophage migration was mediated through RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (ARHGEF1), indicating that ARHGEF1 may serve as a potential intermediary between FoxO1 and the activity of the RhoA pathway. Consequently, our findings propose that FoxO1 plays a crucial role as a mediator and biomarker in the context of AKI. Targeting macrophage FoxO1 pharmacologically could potentially offer a promising therapeutic approach for AKI.

Intentional tooth replantation (ITR) is an advanced treatment modality and the procedure of last resort for preserving teeth with inaccessible endodontic or resorptive lesions. ITR is defined as the deliberate extraction of a tooth; evaluation of the root surface, endodontic manipulation, and repair; and placement of the tooth back into its original socket. Case reports, case series, cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of ITR in the retention of natural teeth that are untreatable or difficult to manage with root canal treatment or endodontic microsurgery. However, variations in clinical protocols for ITR exist due to the empirical nature of the original protocols and rapid advancements in the field of oral biology and dental materials. This heterogeneity in protocols may cause confusion among dental practitioners; therefore, guidelines and considerations for ITR should be explicated. This expert consensus discusses the biological foundation of ITR, the available clinical protocols and current status of ITR in treating teeth with refractory apical periodontitis or anatomical aberration, and the main complications of this treatment, aiming to refine the clinical management of ITR in accordance with the progress of basic research and clinical studies; the findings suggest that ITR may become a more consistent evidence-based option in dental treatment.
Humans ; Tooth Replantation/methods* ; Consensus ; Periapical Periodontitis/surgery*

Objective To develop a highly sensitive and rapid nucleic acid detection method for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2). Methods We designed,developed,and manufactured an integrated disposable device for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid extraction and detection.The precision of the liquid transfer and temperature control was tested.A comparison between our device and a commercial kit for SARS-Cov-2 nucleic acid extraction was performed using real-time fluorescence reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The entire process,from SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid extraction to amplification,was evaluated. Results The precision of the syringe transfer volume was 19.2±1.9 μL(set value was 20),32.2±1.6(set value was 30),and 57.2±3.5(set value was 60).Temperature control in the amplification tube was measured at 60.0±0.0 ℃(set value was 60)and 95.1±0.2 ℃(set value was 95)respectively.SARS-Cov-2 nucleic acid extraction yield through the device was 7.10×106 copies/mL,while a commercial kit yielded 2.98×106 copies/mL.The mean time to complete the entire assay,from SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid extraction to amplification detection,was 36 min and 45 s.The detection limit for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was 250 copies/mL. Conclusion The integrated disposable devices may be used for SARS-CoV-2 Point-of-Care test(POCT).

Objective To monitor the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antimicrobial agents in tertiary hospitals in major regions of China in 2022.Methods Clinical isolates from 58 hospitals in China were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a unified protocol based on disc diffusion method or automated testing systems.Results were interpreted using the 2022 Clinical &Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)breakpoints.Results A total of 318 013 clinical isolates were collected from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022,of which 29.5％were gram-positive and 70.5％were gram-negative.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species(excluding Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi)was 28.3％,76.7％and 77.9％,respectively.Overall,94.0％of MRSA strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 90.8％of MRSE strains were susceptible to rifampicin.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found.Enterococcus faecalis showed significantly lower resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents tested than Enterococcus faecium.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 94.2％in the isolates from children and 95.7％in the isolates from adults.The resistance rate to carbapenems was lower than 13.1％in most Enterobacterales species except for Klebsiella,21.7％-23.1％of which were resistant to carbapenems.Most Enterobacterales isolates were highly susceptible to tigecycline,colistin and polymyxin B,with resistance rates ranging from 0.1％to 13.3％.The prevalence of meropenem-resistant strains decreased from 23.5％in 2019 to 18.0％in 2022 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and decreased from 79.0％in 2019 to 72.5％in 2022 in Acinetobacter baumannii.Conclusions The resistance of clinical isolates to the commonly used antimicrobial agents is still increasing in tertiary hospitals.However,the prevalence of important carbapenem-resistant organisms such as carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii showed a downward trend in recent years.This finding suggests that the strategy of combining antimicrobial resistance surveillance with multidisciplinary concerted action works well in curbing the spread of resistant bacteria.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of atractylenolide Ⅰ in inhibiting XPOT proliferation and invasion in gastric cancer cells.Methods This study included exploration of XPOT expression in gastric cancer tissues,analysis of gene expression data from GC patients in TCGA and GEO databases,as well as various cellular assays to detect the ability of cancer cells to proliferate,migrate,and invade.Protein expression levels of XPOT,SKP2,CyclinA,and P27 mRNA were also detected by qPCR and Western Blot.Results Analysis confirmed that XPOT was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues,indicating a poor prognosis.In vitro studies revealed that AT-1 inhibits the proliferation and invasion ability of GC cells;XPOT down-regulation also inhibits these abilities.Furthermore,AT-1 down-regulates the expression of XPOT which then regulates SKP2,P27,and CyclinA-ultimately inhibiting the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells through the regulation of the XPOT pathway.Conclusion The overexpression of XPOT in gastric cancer tissues can indicate a poor prognosis.Atractylenolide Ⅰ down-regulates the XPOT-regulated ubiquitination-proteasome pathway to inhibit proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells.

Objective To evaluate the methylation levels of DNA at six specific CpG sites located in the mRNA region of histone cluster 4 subfamily F member 6(HIST1H4F)gene and determine their diagnostic signifi-cance about lung cancer.Methods The DNA methylation levels of 15 cases of lung cancer and adjacent paired nor-mal lung tissue were detected using pyrophosphate sequencing.Based on preliminary evaluation,a methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme-fluorescence quantitative PCR(MSRE-qPCR)method was developed to detect DNA methylation levels in the test group(60 cases of lung adenocarcinoma,38 cases of squamous cell carcinoma,30 cases of benign diseases,and 26 cases of normal lung tissue)and the validation group(36 cases of lung adenocarci-noma,16 cases of squamous cell carcinoma,21 cases of benign diseases,and 23 cases of normal lung tissue).The diagnostic value was evaluated using ROC curves.Results The results of pyrophosphate sequencing showed that the methylation levels of lung cancer were significantly higher than that of paired normal lung tissue(P<0.005).The detection results of MSRE-qPCR showed that the areas under the ROC curve for diagnosing lung cancer in the test group and validation group were 0.894 and 0.888,with sensitivity of 76.5%and 73.1%,and specificity of 92.9%and 97.7%,respectively.The methylation levels were significantly positively correlated with smoking in lung cancer patients(r=0.273,P<0.01).Conclusion The six CpG sites in the mRNA region of the HIST1H4F gene can serve as biomarkers for diagnosing lung cancer,providinga new molecular target for clinical lung cancer diagnosis.

Objective:To observe the effect of acupuncture in the treatment of accommodative myopia in children.Methods:A total of 76 children with accommodative myopia who met the inclusion criteria were divided into a control group or a test group according to the random number table method,with 38 cases in each group.The control group was given education on eye hygiene,and the test group was treated with acupuncture twice a week for 2 months in addition to the intervention used in the control group.The patient's uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),refraction,and axial length(AL)were measured before treatment and 1 month and 2 months after treatment.Results:After 1 month of treatment,there was no significant difference in the UCVA between the two groups(P＞0.05);after 2 months of treatment,the UCVA of the test group was better than that of the control group(P＜0.05).After 1 and 2 months of treatment,the refraction of the two groups was significantly different from that before treatment(P＜0.01),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).After 1 and 2 months of treatment,the AL in the control group was increased compared with that before treatment(P＜0.05),while there was no significant change in the test group(P＞0.05),and there was no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture treatment can improve UCVA in children with accommodative myopia.

This article introduced the research design and main results of the article " Effect of Moderate and Vigorous Aerobic Exercise on Incident Diabetes in Adults with Obesity: A 10-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial" recently published in JAMA Internal Medicine, and addressed the scientific significance of the study. The importance of obesity management has been well discussed recently. This study investigated obesity management strategies for obese individuals and their long-term metabolic benefits.

Blau syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the a mix of granulomatous arthritis, uveitis, and dermatitis. Patients typically manifest multisystem involvement, including ocular, skin, and skeletal abnormalities. Blau syndrome is extremely rare, with a global incidence of less than one in a million among children. In this multidisciplinary consultation, we present a case of a 21-year-old young female patient having multisystemic involvement since early childhood. She was presented with multiple joint swelling, skin lesions, increased eye discharge, and accompanied by hypertension and arterial abnormalities, and received a diagnosis of uveitis. The patient had been receiving steroid treatment since the age of 6 and has tried various medications, with some improvement in joint swelling and ocular symptoms. Through this rare disease multidisciplinary consultation, we aim to provide guidance in the molecular diagnosis of the patient, multisystem assessment, and the selection and formulation of treatment plans. Additionally, we hope that by reporting this case, clinical physicians can gain a better understanding of the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment strategies for Blau syndrome, thereby improving the management and treatment of rare diseases.

Objective　To analyze the composition, population density, seasonal trends, and insecticide resistance monitoring results of vector mosquitoes in Liaocheng City from 2020 to 2022, providing a reference basis for further mosquito control measures. Methods　According to the "Implementation Plan for National Vector Biomonitoring", adult mosquito monitoring was carried out using mosquito traps and double-layer stacked nets at two national level monitoring points in Dong’e and Chiping. The Bretu Index method was used for monitoring throughout the city, and the immersion method was used for monitoring mosquito insecticide resistance. The monitoring period for adult mosquitoes was from March to November, and for juvenile mosquitoes was from May to October. Results　From 2020 to 2022, a total of 816 mosquito traps were deployed, capturing 4 717 adult mosquitoes with an average density of 5.78 mosquitoes per trap-night. Among them, 4 232 were Culex pipiens pallens, accounting for 89.72% of the total mosquito population, followed by 15 were Anopheles sinensis, accounting for 0.32%; 10 Aedes albopictus, accounting for 0.21%; 460 other mosquito species, accounting for 9.75%. Mosquito density was higher in rural areas compared to urban areas, with the highest density found in livestock sheds, followed by parks, hospitals, farms, and residential areas. Adult mosquito was first observed in May, with the peak activity occurring from June to August. The double-layer net method captures only Aedes albopictus, with an average net trapping index of 2.99 mosquitoes/(net·h), and their activity was concentrated from June to September. The average Brayton Index (BI) from May to October was 15.95, with a peak occurring in July and gradually decreasing after August. Insecticide resistance monitoring found that Culex pipiens pallens in Liaocheng City exhibited low resistance to permethrin, deltamethrin, dithion, and beta cypermethrin, with beta cypermethrin having the highest resistance. Conclusion　The dominant mosquito species in Liaocheng City is Culex pipiens pallens, followed by Aedes albopictus. The peak activity of adult and juvenile mosquitoes is concentrated between July and September, showing a distinct seasonal trend of growth and decline, posing a risk of dengue fever outbreaks. Culex pipiens pallens exhibits resistance to some insecticides, and timely measures should be taken to prevent the outbreak of mosquito-borne infectious diseases.