Objective　To study　how　ConA actives macrophages in vivo to produce cytotoxic effectors and its phagocytic functions,and　 cytotoxicity. Methods　 ConA was intraperitoneally injected(ip). Cock red blood cells(cRBC) were used to evaluate MΦ phagocytic activity,and S180 cells as target cells to analyze MΦ dependent cytotoxicity(MTC).Nitric oxide(NO),TNF-α　and IL-1 levels of MΦ cultural supernatant were measured using griess reagent,L929 cells MTT method and thymocytes proliferation test respectively. Results　 ConA could promote MΦ　to phagocytize cRBC and kill S180 cells,enhance the production of such factors as NO,TNF-α　and IL-1 by MΦ. There was significant difference compared with PBS　control group(P＜0.01). Conclusions　 ConA could stimulate MΦ to produce effectors, which mediate immune regulation of ConA to MΦ.

Objective To evaluate the technique and outcome of arthroscopic reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)with preservation of the remnants.Methods From January 2006 to January 2009.16 knees in 16 patients with PCL tear were verified with arthroscopy.All the damaged PCL were reconstructed with single bundle of autogenous quadrupled hamstring tendons under arthroscopy without remove of the remnants of PCL.Endo-button and Bio-absorbabh interference screw were used for direct anatomic fixation of the reconstructed ligament.Results No severe complication occurred in early stage after operation in the 16 patients.All of them were followed up from 4 to 14 months with an average of (7.4±2.1)months.Lysholm score was remarkable improved from mean(61.3±8.7)preoperative scores to mean(91.7±6.3)scores at the latest follow up(P＜0.05).Furthermore,there was a significant improvement in IKDC scofe from abnormal (grade C)in 9 knees and severely abnormal (grade D)in 7 knees preoperatively to normal(grade A)in 11 knees,nearly normal(grade B)in 5 knees at the follow up.All of the 16 patients returned to the same sports level before injury.Conclusion Arthroscopic reconstruction of PCL with preservadon of the remnants has advantages of minimal inmmrticular interference,and potential facility to revagculization and reinnervation of the reconstlucted ligament.

Objective: To explore the effect of PDCA nursing model combined with token reward on the compliance and negative emotions of children with hypospadias. Methods: A total of 120 children with hypospadias who were admitted to Children′s hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University from February 2017 to December 2017 were selected as study subjects. According to the time of admission, they were divided into observation group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing care, the observation group was given PDCA nursing mode combined with token rewards intervention on the basis of routine care. The self-made children's behavioral compliance assessment table was used to compare the compliance of the two groups of children. Achenbach Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) scores were performed before and after the intervention. The hospitalization time and the incidence of complications were calculated. Results: There was no significant difference in CBCL scores between the two groups at admission (t=0.965, P=0.102). The scores of compliance and CBCL scores of the observation group were (43.12±3.99) points and (17.62±7.30) points respectively, the scores of control group were (30.67±4.53), (24.23±6.67), the difference was statistically significant (t=15.977, 5.184, P<0.01). The hospitalization time and complication rate of the observation group were (18.73±0.84)d, 15.00% (9/60), which were significantly lower than (20.92±1.90) d, 31.67% (19/60) of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=8.166, χ²=4.658, P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions The PDCA nursing model combined with token reward can improve the compliance of children with hypospadias and improve their negative emotions.