Objective To observe expression level of serum vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C),VEGF-C receptor-2 and VEGF-C receptor-3 in patients with acute leukemia (AL) and to explore its clinical significance.Methods Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum expression levels of VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 of 51 patients diagnosed with acute leukemia,43 patients under medical treatment and 16 healthy blood donors.Results (1) Serum VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 expression levels in AL patients were significantly higher than those in normal control group.(2) Serum VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 expression levels in complete remission (CR) group significantly declined after treatment.Serum VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 expression levels in non-complete remission (NR) group slightly declined after treatment but no significant difference was found (P＞0.05).(3) No significant difference was found in serum VEGFR-3 expression levels both in CR group and NR group after treatment (P＞0.05).(4) Serum VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 expression levels in NR group were significantly higher than those in CR group before treatment (P＜0.08).Conclusions Observing serum expression level of VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 of AL patients may be helpful in monitoring curative effects and prognosis of acute leukemia.

Objective To explore the effects of the Chinese medicine, modified Erchen decoction, on the serum lipid spectrum of ApoE-/-mice, and to explore its possible anti-atherosclerotic mechanism.Methods Forty-four male 7-8-week old ApoE-/-mice were used in this experiment.ApoE-/-mouse models of atherosclerosis were generated by high-cholesterol diet for 4 weeks.And then, they were given simvastatin or modified Erchen decoction by gavage.The body weight of mice was recorded every week, The mice were sacrificed after treated with the drugs for 8 weeks continuously, and the plasma lipid was determined by enzymatic method.The aortic valves and arches were stained with oil red O to depict atherosclerotic plaques and liver structural changes of the mice were examined by pathology.Results Modified Erchen decoction lowered plasma lipid ( including TCHOL and LDL-C ) significantly ( P<0.01 ) .The body weight was increased in the mice of all groups, but it was more pronounced in the mice of model group than in the blank and modified Erchen decoction groups.The serum CHOL and LDL-C levels were significantly lowered in the modified Erchen decoction group (P<0.01).The area of atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic wall was significantly reduced in the mice of modified Erchen decoction group as shown by oil red O staining.The pathological changes of hepatocytes were less severe and the structure of hepatic lobules was better preserved in the mice of modified Erchen decoction group.Conclusions The Chinese medicin modified Erchen decoction can effectively reduce serum lipids, regulate lipid metabolism, and ameliorate the process of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/-mice.

Objective: To investigate the effects of orthokeratology lenses and frame glasses on anisometropia in children with low myopia in one eye. Methods: Between January 2017 and January 2018, 120 children of primary and secondary school age with myopic anisometropia low myopia in one eye presenting to the Second People s Hospital of Yunnan Province were selected as research objects,with average refractive error of(-1.00,-2.50)D in one eye and(-0.50,0.50)D in another eye. Participants were divided into an experimental group and a control group (60 cases per group), according to a random number grouping method. The control group were given frame glasses, while the experimental group were given orthokeratology lenses. A prospective study was conducted to compare and analyze the lengths of the posterior eye axis (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE), measured at different time intervals between the two groups. Results: There were some initial differences in AL and SE between the two groups before the experiment began; however, this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). After 12 months, participants myopic eyes given the orthokeratology lenses had shorter AL[(24.91±0.11)mm] compared to the control group[(25.02±0.09)mm],participants health eyes had longer AL[(24.58±0.24)mm] compared to the control group[(24.20±0.13)mm]. One month after the subjects stopped wearing plastic mirrors,participants myopic eyes had higher SE[(-2.22±0.78)D] compared to the control group[(-2.64±0.21)D],and had lower that in the control group[(-0.96±0.84)(-0.37±0.54)D](t=4.02，-4.58，P<0.05). Conclusion In children with low myopia in one eye, compared with wearers of frame glasses, wearing corneal shape lenses can effectively restrain AL extend and control the progression of eye myopia. At the same time, wearing corneal shape lenses can promote contralateral healthy eye axial extension and an increase in diopter, reduce the anisometropia value, solve the problems of a binocular visual axis development imbalance, and promote coordinated eye development.

Abelmoschus manihot (AM) is a medicinal plant rich in twenty kinds of separated active bio-components including flavones, polysaccharides, trannic acid, and long chain hydrocarbons. Among these, total flavones of A. manihot (TFA) are the major active component. In this review, the mechanisms of Huangkui capsule will be discussed as a preparation of AM to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD) by improving immunological reaction, inflammation, renal fibrosis, and renal tubular epithelial injury. Additionally, it has been reported that Huangkui capsule can ameliorate some clinical symptoms, proteinuria, hematuria, and renal function in patients with common CKD, such as nephrotic syndrome, diabetic nephropathy, Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis, IgA nephropathy, and membranous nephropathy.
Abelmoschus ; chemistry ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; drug therapy ; metabolism

Long time clinical results have showed that multiple myeloma (MM) patients who achieved complete remission (CR) had heterogeneous prognosis. Some patients who achieved CR relapsed in a short time, even died within 2 years after initial therapy, while other patients acquired long-term survival. With the emergence of minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment, rigorous personal therapy monitoring and accurate prognostic evaluation could be realized. MRD can monitor inside the bone marrow by multi-parameter flow cytometry, allele-specific oligonucleotide-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing, as well as the external conditions of the bone marrow by sensitive imaging techniques. This article focuses on clinical benefit, characteristics of different monitoring methods and future direction of MRD in MM.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dezocine on cognitive function after sevoflurane anesthesia in a rat model of physiological stress.Methods Physiological stress was induced by applying repeated foot shock stimulation and confirmed by open field test.Thirty Spragne-Dawley rats with physiological stress,weighing 180-220 g,were divided into 3 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),sevoflurane group (group S) and dezocine plus sevoflurane group (group D+S).Normal saline 0.5 ml was intraperitoneally injected at 6 h of oxygen inhalation in group C.Normal saline 0.5 ml was intraperitoneally injected at 6 h of 3.0％ sevoflurane inhalation in group S.Dezocine 3 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 6 h of 3.0％ sevoflurane inhalation in group D+S.At 1,12,24 and 48 h after the end of intraperitoneal injection (T1-4),Morris water maze test was performed,and the time of staying at the original platform quadrant and frequency of crossing the original platform were recorded.The rats were sacrificed after the end of Morris water maze test,brains were removed and hippocampi were isolated for determination of nitric oxide synthase-1 (nNOS) expression (by Western blot) and nNOS positive cells (by immunohistochemistry).Results Compared with group C,the time of staying at the original platform quadrant was significantly shortened at T1,2,the frequency of crossing the original platform was reduced at T1,the expression of nNOS in hippocampus was down-regulated,and the number of nNOS positive cells in hippocampal CA1 region was reduced in group S (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group D+S (P＞0.05).Compared with group S,the time of staying at the original platform quadrant was significantly prolonged at T1,the frequency of crossing the original platform was increased at T1,2,the expression of nNOS in hippocampus was up-regulated,and the number of nNOS positive cells in hippocampal CA1 region was increased in group D+S (P＜0.05).Conclusion Dezocine can improve cognitive function after sevoflurane anesthesia in a rat model of physiological stress,and the mechanism may be related to up-regulating nNOS expression in hippocampi.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of stroke volume variation (SVV)-guided fluid therapy on perioperative haemodynamics and tissue perfusion in the patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing parathyroidectomy.Methods:One hundred and twenty-one patients of either sex, aged 18-64 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅲ, with body mass index of 18-28 kg/m 2, with ESRD undergoing elective parathyroidectomy, who received haemodialysis treatment within 24 h before surgery, were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into standard restrictive fluid therapy group (group SRT, n=61) and goal-directed fluid therapy group (group GDT, n=60) using a random number table method. Group SRT received restrictive fluid therapy, with a continuous infusion of 0.9% normal saline at a rate of 4 ml·kg -1·h -1. Group GDT received goal-directed fluid therapy guided by SVV, and when the SVV≥10% lasted for 5 min, the 0.9% normal saline 3 ml/kg was infused within 5 min until SVV<10%. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was maintained at ≥90 mmHg or mean arterial pressure(MAP) at ≥65 mmHg throughout the perioperative period in both groups. The intraoperative volume of fluid infused, usage rate and consumption of intraoperative vasoactive drugs were recorded, and arterial blood lactate (Lac) level, MAP, heart rate, cardiac output, and inferior vena cava collapse index (IVC-CI) after removal of endotracheal tube at the end of surgery were measured. MAP was continuously recorded within 12 h after surgery, and MAP variability (CV MAP) was calculated. The occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events within 30 days after operation was also recorded. Results:Compared with group SRT, the intraoperative volume of fluid infused was significantly increased, the usage rate of ephedrine and norepinephrine was decreased, the consumption of ephedrine was reduced, and the percentage of postoperative IVC-CI<50% and cardiac output were increased, the percentage of Lac≥2.0 mmol/L and CV MAP were decreased ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events within 30 days after surgery in group GDT ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with restrictive fluid therapy, SVV-guided fluid therapy can optimize the perioperative hemodynamics and tissue perfusion in the patients with ESRD undergoing parathyroidectomy.

With the increasing global burden of various cancer, an abundance of papers emerged every year in the research hotspots of oncology, covering a wide range of research types and topics. In order to facilitate interested readers to quickly grasp the frontier and hotspots of cancer research, it would be helpful to sort out and summarize the research topic in a timely manner. According to the classification of disciplines, we screened the Essential Science Indicators (ESI) hot papers released in 2019 for the ones in the oncology field, utilized methods such as bibliometrics, statistical description, hierarchical induction, analysis and interpretation to further reveal the context and characteristics of research in the field of oncology, summarized the latest progresses and future directions in the field, and provided information and hints for the trajectory of future research. A total of 549 papers were included, which were mainly from the field of clinical medicine; the country with the most publications was the United States, while China ranked the fourth in terms of contribution; the research institution with the highest number of published papers was University of Texas system;
Bibliometrics ; Biomedical Research ; China ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Publications ; United States

The many-banded krait, Bungarus multicinctus, has been recorded as the animal resource of JinQianBaiHuaShe in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Characterization of its venoms classified chief phyla of modern animal neurotoxins. However, the evolutionary origin and diversification of its neurotoxins as well as biosynthesis of its active compounds remain largely unknown due to the lack of its high-quality genome. Here, we present the 1.58 Gbp genome of B. multicinctus assembled into 18 chromosomes with contig/scaffold N50 of 7.53 Mbp/149.8 Mbp. Major bungarotoxin-coding genes were clustered within genome by family and found to be associated with ancient local duplications. The truncation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor in the 3'-terminal of a LY6E paralog released modern three-finger toxins (3FTxs) from membrane tethering before the Colubroidea divergence. Subsequent expansion and mutations diversified and recruited these 3FTxs. After the cobra/krait divergence, the modern unit-B of β-bungarotoxin emerged with an extra cysteine residue. A subsequent point substitution in unit-A enabled the β-bungarotoxin covalent linkage. The B. multicinctus gene expression, chromatin topological organization, and histone modification characteristics were featured by transcriptome, proteome, chromatin conformation capture sequencing, and ChIP-seq. The results highlighted that venom production was under a sophisticated regulation. Our findings provide new insights into snake neurotoxin research, meanwhile will facilitate antivenom development, toxin-driven drug discovery and the quality control of JinQianBaiHuaShe.