Objective To explore the pain education program on the pain intensity and beliefs of patients with cancer pain.Methods 119 patients with cancer pain were divided into the control group (61 cases) and the experimental group (58 cases) according to the patients’ room number.The control group was given general health education by the ward nurses,while the experimental group was given pain education program by research nurses.The pain intensity and beliefs of two groups were compared.Results After the implementation of pain education program,pain scores were significantly reduced in both groups,and the pain beliefs scores were significantly promoted compared with the control group.Conclusions Pain education program for cancer pain patients can improve effect of cancer pain management.

Objective To evaluate whether patients with BI‐RADS category 3 breast lesions can be managed safely by 1‐year follow‐ups using ultrasound elastography .Methods Data from 164 patients who underwent conventional B‐mode ultrasound and ultrasound‐based elasticity examinations from September 2009 to March 2014 ,and had BI‐RADS category 3 lesions that appear to be circumscribed and oval in shape with elasticity scores of 1 -2 ,were retrospectively reviewed .Results Of 331 BI‐RADS category 3 lesions that originally appeared circumscribed and oval in shape in 164 women ,the mean follow‐up period was 21 3. months (range ,12-48 months) ,and 330 (99 7.% ) were unchanged at follow‐up and considered probably benign .One lesion was upgraded to BI‐RADS category 4a ,and a subsequent biopsy pathologically confirmed it was a fibroadenoma .Conclusions BI‐RADS category 3 lesions with elasticity scores of 2 or lower can be reclassified as BI‐RADS category 2 lesions .A 1‐year follow‐up may be adequate for women undergoing screening ultrasonography ,which are found to have BI‐RADS category 3 lesions that appear to be circumscribed and oval in shape with elasticity scores of 1-2 .

OBJECTIVETo study pharmacokinetic of puerarin in rats following different methods of administration of Tongqiao Sanyu prescription.

METHODTongqiao Sanyu prescription was administered to rats by caudal vein injection, nasal administration and oral administration. Plasma samples were extracted with methanol and the plasma concentration of puerarin was analyzed by RP-HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability were calculated with Kinetica software.

RESULTThe main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: AUC(0-infinity) of caudal vein injection was (787.99 +/- 70.44) mg x min x L(-1); AUC(0-infinity) of nasal administration was (376.56 +/- 93.93) mg x min x L(-1); AUC(0-infinity) and oral administration (The dose was decuple higher than that of caudal vein injection and nasal administration) was (491.18 +/- 110.64) mg x min x L(-1). The absolute bioavailability of puerarin was 47.78% by nasal administration and 6.23% by oral administration.

CONCLUSIONThe bioavailability of nasal administration is higher than oral administration significantly, this result can provide some scientific foundantion for the method of administration and the reform of dosage form of Tongqiao Sanyu prescription.

Animals ; Biological Availability ; Drug Administration Routes ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Isoflavones ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To study the application of autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA)model to predict the monthly reported malaria cases in China,so as to provide a reference for prevention and control of malaria. Methods SPSS 24.0 software was used to construct the ARIMA models based on the monthly reported malaria cases of the time series of 2006-2015 and 2011-2015,respectively. The data of malaria cases from January to December,2016 were used as validation data to compare the accuracy of the two ARIMA models. Results The models of the monthly reported cases of malaria in China were ARIMA(2,1,1)(1,1,0)12 and ARIMA(1,0,0)(1,1,0)12 respectively. The comparison between the predictions of the two models and actual situation of malaria cases showed that the ARIMA model based on the data of 2011-2015 had a higher ac-curacy of forecasting than the model based on the data of 2006-2015 had. Conclusion The establishment and prediction of ARIMA model is a dynamic process,which needs to be adjusted unceasingly according to the accumulated data,and in addi-tion,the major changes of epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases must be considered.

Objective: To study the biomechanical property and histocompatibility of acellular porcine fascia so as to supply a new substitute material for tissue repair. Methods: Samples of normal porcine fascia, acellular porcine fascia and normal human fascia were prepared for histological and biomechanical examination. Xenogeneic fresh porcine fascia, acellular porcine fascia and allogeneic rabbit fascia were implanted into the back of rabbit. Tissues were taken for HE staining and histocompatibility test. Results: Histological examination showed that the cellular components which elicit immune rejections had been removed in the acellular porcine fasciam, with the complete extracellular matrix reserved. Arrangement of collagen fiber was loose in the acellular porcine fascia. The biomechanical performance test of the three samples showed that there was no significant difference in the extreme tensile strength (4.47±0.54) MPa, (4.49±0.91) MPa, (4.79±1.35) MPa for acellular porcine fascia, normal porcine fascia and normal human fascia respecively, P>0.05). There was no significant difference between acellular porcine fascia extracellular matrix and porcine fascia with the cell in breaking elongation (501.83%±52.01%, 661.17%±200.28%, P>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the breaking elongation between human fascia (98.08%±26.02%)and the other 2 kinds of porcine fascia (P<0.01). Histocompatibility test showed the local reactions of the acellular porcine fascia group were weaker than the normal porcine fascia group. Conclusions With sound preparativemethod, the acellular porcine fascia has good biomechanical property and histocompatibility and may serve as a good alternative material for tissue repair.

Rejection has constantly been an unresolved challenge in the field of organ transplantation. The research on the mechanism of rejection plays a significant role in improving the efficacy of organ transplantation and enhancing the survival rate of graft. The innate and specific immune responses of the human body jointly participate in the graft rejection, leading to graft injury. In recent years, multiple researchers have conducted in-depth studies on the mechanism underlying the role of microRNA (miR) in regulating rejection. Among them, miR-155 has been widely considered as a key factor involved in immune regulation. The expression level and functional status of miR-155 may be intimately associated with the occurrence of rejection, which may become a new target for overcoming rejection. In this article, relevant studies on the role of miR-155 in regulating key immune cells in innate and specific immune responses were reviewed, aiming to provide novel ideas for the development of new immunosuppressants and rejection therapy.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of symptom burden and extract symptom clusters in lung cancer patients at the end of thoracic radiotherapy.Methods Lung cancer patients receiving Thoracic Radiotherapy were collected from 20 tertiary hospitals in China,including Guang'anmen Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,during November 2014—September 2017,and the MDASI-TCM scale assessed patient symptoms at the end of radiotherapy,and descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis explored symptom burden and the distribution of TCM symptom clusters.Results At the end of radiotherapy,45.1%of patients reported two or more moderate to severe symptoms,with fatigue being the most prevalent and severe symptom.Fatigue(31.4%),cough(30.9%),expectoration(24.1%),distress(23.2%)and shortness of breath(20.9%)were the top five symptoms from the highest to the lowest in the incidence of moderate to severe symptoms.The enjoyment of life(36.4%)had the highest incidence of interference with moderate to severe symptoms.Exploratory Factor analysis extracted three symptom clusters,namely the excessive heat and damaged yin-Spleen and stomach disorders related symptom cluster,the heart and spleen-deficient related symptom cluster,and the lung qi-unfriendly related symptom cluster,with a cumulative variance contribution of 70.1%.Conclusion Lung cancer patients undergoing thoracic radiotherapy have a certain symptom burden at the end of radiotherapy.The identification of symptom burden and symptom group characteristics is conducive to promoting standardization of TCM syndrome differentiation and laying a preliminary foundation for formulating reasonable and effective TCM intervention measures in the future.

Objective To investigate the effect of transcription factor specific protein5(Sp5)silencing on Wnt signaling pathway correlated factors and cell proliferation ability in mouse embryo palatal mesenchymal cells(mEPMCs).Methods mEPMCs of 14.5 d pregnant C57BL/6J mice were isolated and cultured in vitro.Cell source was identified by immunofluorescence staining.Lentivirus transfection technique was used to silence the expression of Sp5 gene in mEPMCs,and the transfection efficiency was verified by Western blot assay.Follow-up experiments were set up with the blank control group,the no-load virus group and the slience group(the Sp5-shRNA group).The protein and mRNA expression levels of β-catenin,GSK-3β,Wnt3a and CyclinD1 were detected by Western blot assay and RT-qPCR after transfection for 72 h in each group.Cell proliferation capacity was detected by CCK-8.The proliferation rate of 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)positive cells was detected by immunofluorescence assay.Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry.Results mEPMCs were successfully isolated,and Sp5 expression was silenced.Western blot and RT-qPCR results showed that the protein and mRNA expressions of β-catenin,GSK-3β,Wnt3a and CyclinD1 were significantly higher in the Sp5-shRNA group than those in the blank control group and the no-loaded virus group(P<0.05).The proliferative ability and the proliferative rate of EdU positive cells were higher in the Sp5-shRNA group than those in the blank control group and the no-loaded virus group(P<0.05).The proportion of mEPMCs in S phase was higher in the Sp5-shRNA group than that in the blank control group and the no-loaded virus group(P<0.05).Conclusion Sp5 in silenced mEPMCs can participate in palate development and promote the proliferation of mEPMCs by regulating Wnt signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the potential relationship between sugar metabolism,acid production and cariogenicity of Prevotella denticola.Methods:Morphological features of Prevotella denticola were observed and respectively cultured under incubation conditions with and without sugar and at different pH values.The growth characteristics of Prevotella denticola were detected by UV-Vis spectro-photometer and pH meter,the organic acid content in the culture supernatants of the cultures was detected by HPLC.Dentin slices were divided into control group,phosphoric acid group and the Prevotella denticola group and cultured in the corresponding mediu for 1 and 2 weeks respectively,the degree of demineralization of the samples was examined SEM and VHM.Results:Prevotella denticola fermen-ted sucrose and glucose,produced acids with its final pH values as low as 4.7,Succinic acid and acetic acid were its main metabolites.Prevotella denticola was moderately acid-tolerant.Furthermore,Prevotella denticola was able to cause dentin demineralization,and the Vickers hardness value of dentin samples in the Prevotella denticola group was significantly decreased compared with the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The cariogenic capacity of Prevotella denticola may be related to its sugar metabolism and acid production.

Objective To identify and revise the major nursing outcomes in patients with depressive disorders,in order to provide valid tools for evaluating the common problems of nursing care in these patients. Methods The nursing diagnosis and outcomes associated with the depressive disorders were initially selected by literature review.The frequency of the diagnosis and the significance of the outcomes were evaluated by 43 professional clinical nurses,in order to establish the major nursing outcomes.After the establishment,the major outcomes were consulted and revised by 39 experts.Results Eight major nursing outcomes were identified according to the criterion that “the outcome should be resulted from top5 common diagnosis and its weighting coefficient should be more than 0.055”.The active coefficients for the two rounds of experts′consultation were 1 00.00% and 94.87%,and the authority coefficients were 0.71 and 0.84.Moreover,the name,definition, expression and indicator number for the 8 outcomes were revised.Conclusions The 8 major nursing outcomes have good sensitivity and effectiveness for evaluating and measuring the common problems of nursing care in patients with depressive disorders.These can also provide good evidence to identify nursing outcomes for other diseases.