ObjectiveTo establish the urinary proteome profile of the metabolic syndrome ( MetS ) patients,compare the different urinary proteins between the MetS patients and the normal individuals,and analyze the function of the different proteins,so as to explore the pathogenesis of MetS.MethodsOvernight urine were collected from normal controls (n =6) and MetS patients ( n =6).Acetone precipitation method was used to precipitate proteins of urine.Intra-group proteins were mixed together,identified by reversed phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and quantified relatively using spectral counting method.The functions of differential proteins were analyzed using Panther.ResultsA total of 807 and 630 proteins were identified respectively in normal controls and MetS patients.Comparing MetS patients with normal controls,sixty different proteins were found,of which 23 proteins were up-regulated and 37 proteins were down-regulated in MetS patients.In the up-regulated proteins,plasminogen was involved in the plasminogen activation cascade and isoform of alphaenolase,phosphoglycerate kinase 1 and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase B down-regulated in MetS patients were involved in the process of glycolysis and fructose metabolism.ConclusionsThe urinary proteome profile of patients with MetS was established by reversed phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry.Different proteins between MetS patients and normal people were identified.The plasminogen activation cascade,glycolysis and fructose metabolism play key roles in the pathogenesis of MetS.

Objective To evaluate the effects of modified ultrafiltration on the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)-induced lung injury in dogs.Methods Eighteen healthy adult dogs of either sex,weighing 15-20 kg,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =6 each):control group (group C),group CPB and modified ultrafiltration group (group MUF).The dogs were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 2.5％pentobarbital 25 mg/kg.Thoracotomy was performed in all the three groups and in addition lung injury was produced by CPB in CPB and MUF groups.In group MUF,modified ultrafiltration was performed at 10-15 min after termination of CPB.Arterial blood samples were collected before mechanical ventilation (T1),at end of CPB (T2),and at 1 h after termination of CPB (T3) to calculate respiration index (RI) and oxygenation index (OI).The lungs were removed for microscopic examination of pathologic changes in lung tissues under light microscope and for detection of AQP1 mRNA expression by real-time PCR.Results RI and OI were significantly higher and AQP1 mRNA expression was lower at T2 and T3 than at T1 in CPB and MUF groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group C,RI was significantly increased and AQP1 mRNA expression was down-regulated at T2,3 in CPB and MUF groups,and OI at T2.3 in CPB group and at T2 in MUF group was decreased (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group CBP,RI was significantly decreased,OI was increased and AQP1 mRNA expression was up-regulated at T3 in group MUF (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Modified ultrafiltration can reduce CPB-induced lung injury in dogs and upregulation of AQP1 may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To evaluate the role of aquaporin 1(AQPI)expression in the cartiopulmonary bypass(CPB)-induced lung injury in dogs.Methods Twenty-four healthy dogs,weighing 15-20 kg,were randomly divided into 4 group(n =6 each):control group(group C),acetazolamide Ⅰ group(group A Ⅰ),acetazolamide Ⅱ group(group A Ⅱ),and acetazolarnide Ⅲ group(group AⅢ).Lung injury was produced by CPB.The traditional priming solution was infused in group C.Priming solutions containing acetaaolamide 20,40 and 60 mg/kgwere infused in groups A Ⅰ,A Ⅱ and A Ⅲ respectively.Blood samples were collected from the femoral artery before mechanical ventilation,at the end of CPB and at 1 h after end of CPB(T1-3)for arterial blood gas analysis.Respiration index(RI)and oxygenation index(OI)were calculated.The lung specimens were oblained for determination of AQPI mRNA and protein expression(by RT-PCR and Western blot)and for microscopic examination.The pathological changes of the lung were scored.Results Compared with group C,P(A-a)O2,RI and the pathological score were significantly increased at T2.3,OI was significantly decreased at T2.3,and AQP1 protein expression was down-regulated at T2.3 in groups A Ⅰ,A Ⅱ and AⅢ,and AQP1 mRNA expression was down-regulated at T2.3 in groups AⅡ and AⅢ(P＜0.05).Compared with group A Ⅰ,P(A-a)O2,RI and the pathological score were significantly increased at T2.3,OI was significantly decreased at T2.3,and AQP1 protein expression was down-regulated at T2.3 in groups A Ⅱ and AⅢ,and AQP1 mRNA expression was down-regulated at T2.3 ingroup A Ⅲ(P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group A Ⅱ,RI and the pathological score were significantly increased at T2.3,and AQP1 protein expression was down-regulated at T2.3 in group A Ⅲ(P ＜ 0.05).Conclutsion Down-regulation of AQPI expression is involved in the CPB-induced lung injury in dogs.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the severity of insomnia and the curative effect in acute stage in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used to evaluate and group the severity of insomnia in the 57 patients with MDD. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality. The 24－item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD24) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms, and the effect of acute stage (4～6 weeks) was evaluated with its reduction rate. The difference of curative effect was compared among patients with different insomnia levels. Results There was a significantly different recovery rate in acute stage in 3 groups of patients with mild, moderate and severe insomnia ( X2=22.34,P＜0.01). The severity of insomnia in patients with MDD (PSQI) was negatively correlated with the curative effect of acute stage (r=－0.44,P＜0.01). The total score, anxiety/somatization factor score, retardant factor score and despair factor score were significantly higher in severe insomnia group than in the moderate and mild insomnia groups after acute treatment (P＜0.01). Conclusion The severity of insomnia in patients with MDD can predict the curative effect in acute stage. The depressive patients with severe insomnia have residual anxiety/somatization, retardant, feelings of despair and other symptoms more obvious than mild and moderate insomnia patients after acute treatment.

The paper analyzed the organizational form and management status of medical volunteer students participating in community health service, to explore the impact of community health service on medical volunteer students and volunteer recipients. It summarized the present situation and problems of medical volunteer students participating in community health service, in order to provide reference for medical students to play their professional value in participating in community health services.

Objective To study the application of autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA)model to predict the monthly reported malaria cases in China,so as to provide a reference for prevention and control of malaria. Methods SPSS 24.0 software was used to construct the ARIMA models based on the monthly reported malaria cases of the time series of 2006-2015 and 2011-2015,respectively. The data of malaria cases from January to December,2016 were used as validation data to compare the accuracy of the two ARIMA models. Results The models of the monthly reported cases of malaria in China were ARIMA(2,1,1)(1,1,0)12 and ARIMA(1,0,0)(1,1,0)12 respectively. The comparison between the predictions of the two models and actual situation of malaria cases showed that the ARIMA model based on the data of 2011-2015 had a higher ac-curacy of forecasting than the model based on the data of 2006-2015 had. Conclusion The establishment and prediction of ARIMA model is a dynamic process,which needs to be adjusted unceasingly according to the accumulated data,and in addi-tion,the major changes of epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases must be considered.

Objective To investigate the discriminator value of Han Chinese first morning urine albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) for determining the microalbuminuria. Methods A total of 1056 participants (494 males and 562 females) were selected from epidemiologic study of the metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease in Pinggu district, Beijing. Eight-hour overnight urinary albumin excretion (UAE) was regarded as the gold standard for defining the albuminuria,and the ROC curve analysis was used to determine the ACR discriminator value for microalbuminuria. Results (1)Microalbuminuria was found in 12.5% of participants,macroalbuminuria in 1.7%. (2)The ACR discriminator value for microalbuminuria by ROC curve analysis was 1.95 g/mol (sensitivity 97.6% and specitivity 88.6%) for men, 3.62 g/mol(sensitivity 83.8% and specitivity 89.1%) for women, 2.78 g/mol (sensitivity 88.7% and specitivity 85.9%)for overall. The upper boundary of microalbuminuria by ROC curve analysis was 22.59 g/mol (sensitivity 100.0% and specitivity 98.8%) . (3)The inter-rater agreement of the result in this study showed that sensitivity was 91.3% and specitivity was 88.2%, positive likelihood ratio was 7.56 and negative likelihood ratio was 0.10, positive predictive value was 56.9% and negative predictive value was 98.4%. Conclusions The ACR discriminator value for determining microalbuminuria is obviously higher in women than that in men, and is higher than recommendation of international guidelines. The result by ROC curve analysis has better sensitivity and specitivity.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and serum uric acid in general population. Methods The study participants were derived from the epidemiological study on the association of metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Pinggu district, Beijing. A total of 992 participants (463 men and 529 women) aged from 30 to 75 years were enrolled in this study. For each participant, UAE, serum uric acid, serum creatinine, and serum lipids were detected and other potential risk factors for CKD were surveyed. Results ( 1 ) The frequencies of microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria and hyperuricemia were 12.9% , 1.8% and 4.3% respectively. The persons with hyperuricemia had significantly higher frequency of albuminuria than those without hyperuricemia (37. 2% vs 13. 7% , P ＜0. 01). (2) The participants were divided according to the quartiles (25% , 50% , 75% ) of serum uric acid level, and the frequencies of albuminuria in males were 13. 2% , 13. 9% , 17. 2% and 25.4% , while those in females were 8. 4% , 6. 2% , 9. 6% and 24. 8%. ( 3 ) Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed, hyperuricemia was significantly associated with albuminuria in females (OR =2. 31, 95% CI 1. 15-4. 68; P=0.02), but not in males. If the persons with reduced renal function were excluded, similar result still could be gained. Conclusions The prevalence of albuminuria increases gradually with uric acid elevation. Serum uric acid is an independent risk factor of elevated UAE, especially in females.

Objective: To study the biomechanical property and histocompatibility of acellular porcine fascia so as to supply a new substitute material for tissue repair. Methods: Samples of normal porcine fascia, acellular porcine fascia and normal human fascia were prepared for histological and biomechanical examination. Xenogeneic fresh porcine fascia, acellular porcine fascia and allogeneic rabbit fascia were implanted into the back of rabbit. Tissues were taken for HE staining and histocompatibility test. Results: Histological examination showed that the cellular components which elicit immune rejections had been removed in the acellular porcine fasciam, with the complete extracellular matrix reserved. Arrangement of collagen fiber was loose in the acellular porcine fascia. The biomechanical performance test of the three samples showed that there was no significant difference in the extreme tensile strength (4.47±0.54) MPa, (4.49±0.91) MPa, (4.79±1.35) MPa for acellular porcine fascia, normal porcine fascia and normal human fascia respecively, P>0.05). There was no significant difference between acellular porcine fascia extracellular matrix and porcine fascia with the cell in breaking elongation (501.83%±52.01%, 661.17%±200.28%, P>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the breaking elongation between human fascia (98.08%±26.02%)and the other 2 kinds of porcine fascia (P<0.01). Histocompatibility test showed the local reactions of the acellular porcine fascia group were weaker than the normal porcine fascia group. Conclusions With sound preparativemethod, the acellular porcine fascia has good biomechanical property and histocompatibility and may serve as a good alternative material for tissue repair.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the molecular basis for a rare case with Para-Bombay AB blood type. METHODS: Serological method was used to determine the blood type of the proband. Exons 6 and 7 of the ABO gene and the coding regions of FUT1 and FUT2 genes were analyzed by direct sequencing. RESULTS: Serological results showed that the proband was a Para-Bombay AB subtype. His genotype was determined as ABO*A1.02/B.01. The proband was also found to harbor c.551-552delAG and c.881-882delTT of the FUT1 gene. For his four children, there were three type B and one type A, though the expression of the H type was normal. CONCLUSION The double deletions in the coding region of the FUT1 gene probably underlay the Para-Bombay blood type in the proband. Carrier of single-strand deletions may have a normal ABO phenotype.
ABO Blood-Group System/genetics* ; Alleles ; Fucosyltransferases/genetics* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Phenotype ; Sequence Analysis