Bilateral vasovasostomy was performed on 14 male rabbits which received a vasectomy 12 months ago. After 3 months, the rabbits were mated with female rabbits in a course of two months in order to observe the restoration of fertility. They were divided into vasovasostomy fertility group(VFG)and vasovasostomy infertility group(VIG), 7 rabbits, each according to their fertility. 8 rabbits that received a vasectomy only were designated as vasectomy group(VG), and 9 as sham-operation group(SOG), both (VG & SG) served as control. The results showed, (1)the value of sperm density in VFG was significantly lower than that in SOG, but markedly higher than that in VIG(P

Objective:To investigate the effects of curcumin on apoptosis and radiosensitivity of human chordoma cell line CM-319 and its mechanism.Methods:CM-319 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into curcumin 0 μmol/L group, curcumin 5 μmol/L group, curcumin 10 μmol/L group, curcumin 20 μmol/L group, si-NC group, si-UHRF1 group, curcumin+pcDNA group, curcumin+pcDNA-UHRF1 group.Flow cytometry was usedtodetect cell apoptosis, Western Blot was used to detectthe protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Cleaved Caspase-3 and UHRF1, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of UHRF1 mRNA, and clone formationexperiment was used to detect the sensitivity of CM-319 cells to radiation.Results:Compared with the curcumin 0 μmol/L group, the apoptosis rate of CM-319 cellsinthe curcumin 5 μmol/L group, curcumin 10 μmol/L group and curcumin 20 μmol/L groupincreased 12.61%±1.57%, 18.42%±1.54%, 29.37%±2.65% vs 7.24%±0.73% ( t=9.305, 19.680, 24.153; all P<0.05), and the protein expression of Bcl-2 decreased 0.62±0.06, 0.51±0.05, 0.33±0.03 vs 0.76±0.07 ( t=4.556, 8.719, 16.939; all P<0.05), while the protein expression of Bax 0.41±0.04, 0.55±0.05, 0.69±0.06 vs 0.26±0.03 ( t=9.000, 14.920, 19.230; all P<0.05) and Cleaved Caspase-3 0.37±0.04, 0.49±0.05, 0.62±0.06 vs 0.24±0.03 ( t=7.800, 12.862, 16.994; all P<0.05) increased, and the expression of UHRF1 mRNA decreased 0.82±0.08, 0.67±0.07, 0.42±0.04 vs 1.01±0.09 ( t=4.734, 8.946, 17.972; all P<0.05), the protein expression of UHRF1 decreased 0.61±0.06, 0.48±0.05, 0.31±0.03 vs 0.83±0.08 ( t=6.600, 11.130, 18.258; all P<0.05), and were dose-dependent, and the sensitization ratios were 1.433, 1.708, and 2.183, respectively. Compared with the si-NC group, the protein expression of UHRF1in CM-319 cells in the si-UHRF1 group decreased 0.35±0.04 vs 0.79±0.08 ( t=14.758, P<0.05), the apoptosis rate of CM-319 cells increased 21.49%±2.11% vs 8.24%±0.83% ( t=17.531, P<0.05), the protein expression of Bcl-2 decreased 0.34±0.03 vs 0.71±0.07 ( t=14.575, P<0.05), while the protein expression of Bax 0.62±0.06 vs 0.25±0.03 ( t=16.547, P<0.05) and Cleaved Caspase-3 0.58±0.05 vs 0.23±0.03 ( t=18.007, P<0.05) increased, and the sensitization ratio was 1.727. Compared with the curcumin+pcDNA group, the apoptosis rate of CM-319 cells in the curcumin+pcDNA-UHRF1 groupreduced 13.59%±1.25% vs 28.31%±3.01% ( t=13.549, P<0.05), the protein expression of Bcl-2 increased 0.63±0.06 vs 0.31±0.03 ( t=14.311, P<0.05), while the protein expression of Bax 0.42±0.04 vs 0.71±0.07 ( t=10.791, P<0.05) and Cleaved Caspase-3 0.38±0.04 vs 0.65±0.05 ( t=12.650, P<0.05) decreased, and the sensitization ratio was 0.539. Conclusion:Curcumin can induce apoptosis of CM-319 cells and enhance the radiosensitivity of CM-319 cells, , and the mechanism is related to the down-regulation of UHRF1 expression.

Objective To analyze the MRI findings of spinal intramedullary tuberculomas and the related literature was reviewed. Methods A retrospective study of 5 patients with intramedullary tuberculoma proved by clinical and radiological evidences was undertaken.Both T1-and T2-weighted images were obtained along with the postcontrast T1 WI.The locations,signal intensities,patterns of enhancement and morphology of the tuberculomas were observed.Results A tuberculoma in one patient was found in cervical spinal cord with slight hypointensity and nodular enhancement on T1 WI and hypointensity on T2 WI.Those in three patients were found in inferior thoracic spinal cord with typical “target sign”on T2 WI and rim-enhancement on postcontrast T1 WI,and the tuberculomas were ovoid along the long axis of spinal cord on sagittal images.A miliary tuberculoma in thoracic spinal cord in one of these three patients was found which could not be showed on plain MRI.The tuberculomas in last patient was located in conus terminalis with hypointensity and rim enhancement on T1 WI and hypointensity on T2 WI.Conclusion The MRI findings of spinal intramedullary tuberculoma are variable,and their characteristic manifestations include hypointensity or “target sign”on T2 WI,rim enhancement on postcontrast T1 WI along the long axis of spinal cord.

To study the underlying mechanism of vasovasotomy infertility, we set up the rabbit model and observed the levels of testosterone, IL-1 activity and TNFα, which represent the functions of monocytes and macrophages on the animal model of vasovasostomy, and probed into the in vitro effect of IL-1β on the production of testosterone by Leydig cells. Rabbit model was set up and divided into vasovasostomy fertility group (VFG) and vasovasostomy infertility group (VIG), and set up peer group of Vasectomy group (VG) and sham operation group (SOG) as controls. The results were as follows: The sperm density and total number is highest in SOG, with that in VFG markedly lower than that in SOG, but significantly higher than that in VIG. 　　1. VFG showed significant higher level of testosterone (Ts) than SOG, VG and VIG; Ts of VIG was significantly lower than SOG or VFG. In the vasovasostomy groups, sperm density is positively correlated to the level of testosterone. 　　2. The level of serum cortisol in VIG significantly higher than that in VFG, SOG, and VG. The level of serum cortisol negatively correlated to serum testosterone. 3. Serum estradiol(E2) was similar among all the groups (P＞0.05). E2/T ratio is significantly different among the groups, with that in VIG highest and that in VFG lowest. 4. Serum IL-1 activity in VIG was significantly higher than that in SOG and VFG(P＜0.05). 　　5. Serum TNFα and serum IL-1 activity share similar change, with TNFα in VG significantly higher than that in SOG(P＜0.01), VIG was the highest among the four groups(P＜0.01). Correlation test showed that serum IL-1 activity and TNFα level was negatively correlated to testosterone level; positively correlated to cortisol level and E2/T ratio. 6. Immuno-histo-chemistry of CD68 and TNFα in rabbits with vasovasostomy showed that in the testis tissue of SOG, interstitial tissue was normal with no filtration of inflammation cells including CD68 cells. In VFG and VIG, the tubules with resumed sperm production showed negative staining, and atrophic tubules and their surroundings were expression positive of CD68, with that markedly deeper in VIG than that in VFG. TNFα positive expressed granules was found only in atrophic convolted seminiferous tubules and their surroundings, with that deeper in VIG than that in VFG. 7. Culture Leydig cells were put in the following holes:(1) Control; (2) hCG; (3) IL-1; (4)IL-1 β+hCG; (5) IL-1 β+IL-1Ra; and (6) hCG+IL-1β+IL-1Ra. Determined the levels of testosterone by immuno-radiation technique. (1) IL-1 β showed no obvious effect on the Leydig cultured in vitro, but depressed the induction of Leydig cells by hCG to synthesize testosterone; (2) IL-1Ra blocked the depression of IL-1β Leydig cells' bio-synthesis of testosterone induced by hCG. In summary, one of the obvious changes in animals with vasovasotomy is low density of sperms, which is related to the lowering of testosterone. Low level of testosterone is related to the activation of monocytes and macrophages to produce IL-1 and TNFα, which negatively regulate the production of testosterone.

Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is defined as a mild brain trauma resulting in a short loss of consciousness and alteration of mental status. It may also occasionally develop persistent and pro-gressive symptoms. It has been confirmed that MTBI causes changes of anatomic structures in central nervous systemand biomarkers in the body fluid. How ever, there is no sufficient research on relevance among threshold for the brain injury, individual vulnerability and duration of disturbance of conscious-ness. Furthermore, there are no reliable diagnostic methods to establish w hether a blow to the head is sufficient to cause the brain injury. T his review provides references for biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid and blood associated w ith T B I. It also provides application status and potential prospects for further as-sessment and diagnosis of MTBI.

AIM:To study the optimum condition of hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin inclusion for mangiferin in order to improve the solubility of mangiferin. METHODS: By comparing the condition of inclusion of mangiferin in hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin obtained,including its drying method,inclusion compound stood the test of infrared spectrophotometry,UV spectrophotometry,differential scanning calorimetry analysis,phase solubility diagran and solubility determination. RESULTS: The paddling process and freeze drying could put in HP-?CD inclusion compound use the ratio of host/guest molecules was 1∶1,the solubility of mangiferin of included complex was 35.99 mg/mL,about 300 times as large as uninclused mangiferin(0.111 mg/mL). CONCLUSION: Hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin inclused mangiferin compound could be prepared by paddling process and freeze drying.Its solubility of the compound improves significantly and it is stable.

AIM: Aquaporins(AQP) are very important for the water transport across cell membrane. Aquaporin 7(AQP 7) and aquaporin 8(AQP8) expressed in the rat testis, but the biophysical functions of these two aquporins in testis and the regulatory mechanism of their expression remain unclear. The aim of this study was to find out if the expression of these two aquporins was correlative with the function of testis, and if panaxadiol saponins (PDS) affected their expression. METHODS: 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks old rats were divided into saline and PDS injection groups. Semi-quantified RT-PCR method was employed to detect aquaporin 7 and 8 gene expression: using total RNA extracted from rat testis as PCR template, then using optical scanner to measure the OD value of bands on agrose electrophoresis. OD value of target gene products was divided by which of contol gene. The ratio was identified as the quantity of target gene expression. Western blot was also employed to detect expression of these two proteins in the testis. RESULTS: ①OD value of AQP 7 mRNA products in testis of 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks rats were 48 227, 51 536, 59 567 respectively and the ratio divided by OD value of control gene was 0.82, 0.85, 0.99; OD value of AQP 8 mRNA products in testis of 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks rats were 23 092, 39 302, 43 316 respectively, the ratio divided by OD value of control gene was 0.39, 0.65, 0.72. Thus, AQP 7 and 8 mRNA expression increased with age. ②After PDS injection for 2 weeks. AQP 7 and 8 mRNA expression in 4 weeks old rats increased to 0.97 and 0. 72,which in control group were 0. 82 and 0. 39; the ratio decreased to 0.77 and 0.55 in 8 weeks old rats, which in control group were 0.85 and 0.65. There was no PCR product of neither aquaporins in 12 weeks old PDS injected rats, except products of control gene. ③ Western blot of AQP 7 and 8 protein showed little difference between PDS and saline injected 12 weeks old rats. CONCLUSION: ①Quantity of AQP 7 and AQP 8 expression was related to testis function of rats. ②PDS influenced the expression of AQP 7 and AQP 8 mRNA, perhaps by promoting the secretion of LH in pituitary.

AIM:Aquaporins (AQP) are very important for the water transport across cell membrane. There are at least 10 mammalian AQPs( aquaporins 0-9) distributed in various organs and different kinds of cells. Each AQP has a distinct organ distribution, and this distribution could be useful in presuming the biological function of the aquaporin. The aim of this study was to figure out the distribution of aquaporin 7 (AQP7) and aquaporin 8(AQP8).METHODS：Semi-quantified RT-PCR was employed in this research. The ratio of OD value of target gene products divided by which of control gene products was calculated. Among 35 organs, testis, epididymis, skin, muscle, rectum, lung, bronchus, lymph node, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, spleen, mammary gland, uterus, placenta, tonsil, urinary bladder, thyroid came from normal area of removed samples during operation. cDNA library of Prostate, thymus, salivary gland, penis, carotiol artery, adrenal gland, occipital lobe of brain, temporal lobe of brain, frontal lobe of brain, parietal lobe of brain, mid brain, choroid plexus are purchased from OriGene biotechnique company.RESULTS：①AQP 7 mRNA was found in testis, muscle, gall bladder, carotiol artery, lymph node and adrenal gland, and maximum expression of AQP 7 was in testis.②AQP 8 mRNA was found in pancreas, testis, skin and colon. and maximum expression of AQP 8 was in pancreas.CONCLUSION:Coexistence of AQP 7 and 8 in testis was confirmed, which suggested that both of these two aquaporins were involved in the regulation of testis function.

Objective To enhance the function of picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) and the efficiency of medical imaging by adjusting dataflow. Methods About 9500 examinations consecutive data in July of 2003 were analysed and and followed. The dataflow was adjusted by adding digital radiology servers and temporal servers. Results The network bottleneck was resolved and the system load balanced, then the function of the system was enhanced. The secure running of the system was ensured in condition of urgency or increasing of patients and image data. Conclusion Adjustment of dataflow in PACS makes full use of all resources, reduces unnecessary time-wasting , further improves the working efficiency in our department.

0.05).(4) Free pressure of portal vein(FPP) significantly declined at post-operation in the two groups(P