OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of Fentanyl transdermal patch in the clinic. METHODS:By ex-tracting data from hospital information system and digital medical record management system,medical records of 150 cancer pain inpatients receiving Fentanyl transdermal patch were collected from our hospital during Jun.-Dec. 2014,and then investigated and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS:Numeric rating scale (NRS) score of 150 cancer pain patients receiving Fentanyl transdermal patch were as follows:pain scores of 17 patients (11.3%) were 1-3 points,those of 63 patients (42.0%) were 4-6 points and those of 5 patients(3.3%)were 7-10 points;the rest of the patients were not rated. Among those 150 cases,88 cases were well tol-erated with opioid and 62 patients were considered to be opioid intolerant. Those intolerant patients were who could not be treated orally or could not bore side effects of opioid hepatic or renal dysfunction. 25 cases used Fentanyl transdermal patch without defi-nite evidence. As to drug combination,22 cases additionally received Morphine hydrochloride injection;12 cases additionally re-ceived Bucinnazine hydrochloride injection;8 cases additionally received Morphine tablet;10 cases additionally received Oxycodo-ne hydrochloride sustained-release tablets and Morphine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets;8 cases additionally received Oxyco-done and acetaminophen tablets;3 cases additionally received Carbamazepine tablets. CONCLUSIONS:Fentanyl transdermal patch are widely used for cancer pain treatment in our hospital. There still is irrational use of it,such as absence of pain score before use,no medication indication,irrational drug combination. Physicians should obey medication indication strictly,and clinical phar-macists should strengthen communication with physicians and pay attention to medication education for patients so as to guarantee rational drug use.

Objective To detect plasma concentrations of Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP),endothelin (ET)-1 at different periods after subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH),and probe the correlation of CGRP,ET-1 and the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm after SAH.Mehods Plasma concentrations of CGRP,ET-1 were measured in patients who were diagnosed with SAH (38 cases) at different periods (1-3 d,4-7 d,14-21 d after SAH) by radio-immunity technique.According to the occurrence of cerebral vasospasm,these patients were separated into two groups:vasospasm group(31 cases) and non-vasospasm group(7 cases).Twenty healthy persons after physical examinations were allocated to be control group.Results Compared with control group and nin-vasospasm group,the plasma concentration of CGRP in vasospasm group was obviously lower,especially in the 4-7 d time slot,and ET-1 was obviously higher,especially in the 4-7 d time slot.There were statistical differences among the three groups(P<0.05 or <0.01).Cerebral vasospasm occurred in 2 cases during 1-3 d,in 28 cases during 4-7 d and in l case during 14-2l d after SAH.Conclusions CGRP,ET-1 participate in the pathological process of SAH.The abnormality of vascular endnfhelial construction/diastolic function is correlated with delayed cerebral vasospasm.

A new biosensor was prepared based on conductive polymer poly ( 3 , 4-ethylenedioxythiophene ) ( PEDOT) and 1-pyrenebutanoic acid ( PBA) through π-π stacking, as well as hematin associated with PBA through coordinate bonds of Zr4+ and carboxyl group. Its stability and sensitivity were examined by cyclic voltammetry ( CV) , electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ( EIS) and current-time ( i-t) method. A pair of well defined and quasi-reversible redox peaks was observed when GCE/PEDOT/PBA/hematin was tested by CV in PBS without oxygen. The electron transfer rate constant was estimated to be 4. 8 s-1 . Results indicated that the PEDOT film enhanced the electron transfer process of hematin. When the i-t method was used to detect the response of biosensor to catechol with different concentrations, it displayed a linear response for the reduction of catechol in the range of 0. 5-200 μmol/L. The linear equation was i=0. 018C+0. 006 ( R=0. 9998), and the detection sensitivity was 0. 258 μA (μmol/L· cm2) with a detection limit of 0. 33 nmol/L (S/N=3). The results illustrate that the GCE/PEDOT/PBA/hematin biosensor is very sensitive and stable.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hyperactivity behavior in children aged 3-6 in Yunnan Province, to explore its relationship with neuropsychological development, so as to provide clues for early prevention and intervention of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Methods: A total of 1 321 children aged 3 to 6 from 10 kindergartens in 5 prefectures (cities) of Yunnan Province were selected by stratified random sampling method from October 2022 to May 2023. Teacher Rating Scale (TRS) was used to investigate childrens hyperactive behavior and coexistent behavior. A qualified evaluator applied the Developmental Scale for Children Aged 0-6 Years to assess the development of 5 ability areas of gross motor movement，fine movement，adaptive ability，language and social behavior. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon rank sum test and χ2 test. Binary Logistic regression was applied to analyze the score of their hyperactivity behavior and its relationship with other behavior problems and neuropsychological development. Results: The detection rate of hyperactivity behavior was 8.6% in children aged 3 to 6 years, 12.8% in boys and 4.1% in girls (χ2=31.53, P<0.01). The detection rate of hyperactivity in 3yearold children was 13.9%, which was higher than that in 4yearold (9.2%) and 5yearold children (7.0%) (χ2=8.73, P<0.05). The detection rate of inattentionpassivity of rural children (14.6%) was higher than that of urban children (5.9%) (χ2=22.23, P<0.01). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the level of adaptive development, the lower the risk of hyperactivity (OR=0.58, 95%CI=0.39-0.86), the higher the risk of hyperactivity (OR=0.57, 95%CI=0.35-0.91), the higher the risk of conduct problems (OR=0.57, 95%CI=0.37-0.87), inattentionpassivity (OR=0.49, 95%CI=0.33-0.74) were also at lower risk (P<0.05). Children with higher levels of fine motor development had a lower risk of inattentionpassivity (OR=0.59, 95%CI=0.37-0.93, P<0.05). Conclusions Hyperactivity in boys and inattentionpassivity in rural children requires more attention. It is necessary to strengthen childrens early adaptive ability and fine motor training to prevent hyperactive behavior and inattention.

Objective To analyze and estimate, the treatment of patients with histologically confirmed subependymal giant-cell astroeytoma (SEGCA). Methods The data from 23 patients with SEG-CA who were diagnosed between February 1995 and February 2008 were retrospectively evaluated. Various combinations of surgery and radiotherapy had been used for treatment. Results Total resection was 16 cases, subtotal resection was 7 cases, radiotherapy was 17 cases. The average follow-up time was 53 months.One postoperative SEGCA recurrence. Epilepsy was totally disappeared in 17.6% (3/17), partly disappeared in 47.1%(8/17). All cases survived. Conclusions The key of treatment is total resection. The significance of radiotherapy is not sure. The overall prognosis of SEGCA is favorable.

Objective To examine the diagnosis and outcomes in the treatment of the patients with histologically confirmed central neurocytoma (CNC). Methods The data from 71 patients with CNC who were diagnosed between March 2003 and December 2007 were retrospectively evaluated. Various combinations of surgery, and radiotherapy had been used for treatment. Results The average bulk of tumors was 40 cm3. The median follow-up was 22 months. The 22 months overall survival and local control rate was 95.8%(68/71) and 95.6%(65/68), respectively. Conclusions The overall prognosis is favorable although the follow-up is not very long. Surgery and postoperative radiotherapy can significantly improve local control.

Researches on detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) high-risk samples were carried out by poly-merase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with microchip electrophoresis (MCE). Herein, we introduced a simple, rapid, automated method for detecting high-risk samples HPV16 and HPV18. In this research, general primers were initially selected to obtain sufficient detectable yield by PCR to verify feasibility of MCM method for HPV detection, then type-specific primers were further used to evaluate the specificity of MCE method. The results indicated MCE method was capable of specifically detecting high-risk HPV16 and HPV18, and also enabled simultaneous detection of multiplex samples. This MCE method described here has been successfully applied to HPV detection and displayed excellent reliability demonstrating by sequencing results. The inherent capability of MCE facilitated HPV detection conducted in a small chip with automated, high throughput, massive parallelized analysis. We envision that MCE method will definitely pave a way for clinical diagnosis, and even on-site screening of cervical cancer.

Objective To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Uygur residents in Kashgar of Xinjiang.Methods The survey was conducted among the Uygur residents aged ≥ 18 years selected through stratified cluster sampling in Kashgar by means of questionnaire survey,physical examination and basic laboratory test.The prevalence of different groups were calculated and risk factors of DM was analyzed by logistic vegression model.Results A total of 4 608 adults were surveyed.The prevalence of DM was 11.31％ (standardized prevalence:10.59％) and the prevalence was 13.65％ (standardized prevalence:12.34％) in males and 10.04％ (standardized prevalence:9.83％) in females.The prevalence increased with age.The prevalence of DM was higher than the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in people aged ＞60 years,especially in females.The rates of awareness,treatment and control of DM were 28.02％,21.31％ and 5.57％,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that people aged 45-55,55-65 and ＞65 years had higher risk of DM and the odds ratio were 2.08 (95％CI:1.24-3.48),2.73 (95％CI:1.63-4.56) and 3.90 (95％ CI:2.24-6.78) for men and 2.63 (95％ CI:1.71-4.02),3.14 (95％ CI:2.00-4.94) and 5.56 (95％CI:3.47-8.92) for woman,respectively.Family history of DM (OR=2.88 for men,95％Cl:1.45-5.72;OR=2.52 for women,95％CI:1.49-4.26) and BMI≥28.0 kg/m2 (OR=1.77 for men,95％CI:1.19-2.64,OR.=1.80 for women,95％CI:1.30-2.50) were also risk factors for DM.Conclusion The prevalence of DM was high in Uygur residents in Kashgar,but the rate of awareness,treatment and control of DM were low.It is necessary to improve the detection rate of DM and conduct targeted prevention and control of DM.

Objective To understand the prevalence of dyslipidemia and normal blood lipids level in Uygur diabetes patients in Kashgar prefecture in southern area of Xinjiang.Methods A total of 5 078 local residents aged ≥ 18 years (42.56％ were men) selected through cluster random sampling in Kashgar were surveyed by means of questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory test,and 521 diabetes patients were screened.Results The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in diabetes patients was 59.50％ (310/521) with adjusted rate as 49.39％.Age ≥65 years,overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity increased the risk for dyslipidemia by 0.771 times (95％ CI:1.015-3.088),1.132 times (95％CI:1.290-3.523),1.688 times (95％CI:1.573-4.592) and 0.801 times (95％CI:1.028-3.155) respectively.Compared with males,female was a protective factor for dyslipidemia (OR=0.507,95％CI:0.334-0.769).The overall normal rate of blood lipids level including total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) for type 2 diabetes patients was 11.13％.Female,higher BMI and abdominal obesity were the factors influencing the overall normal blood lipids level.The normal rate of LDL-C level decreased with increase of age,BMI and waist circumferences (trend test x2=18.049,P＜ 0.001;trend testx2=10.582,P=0.001;x2=19.081,P＜0.001),but increased with educational level (trend testx2=9.764,P=0.002).Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Uygur diabetes patients in Kashgar was high,however,the overall normal rate of blood lipid level was relatively low.Obesity was the most important risk factor for dyslipidemia in this area.More attention should be paid to dyslipidemia prevention in women.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and risk factors in Uygur adults in Kashgar of Xinjiang.Methods A total of 4 748 Uygur adults aged ≥ 18 years selected through cluster random sampling in Shufu county of Kashgar prefecture were surveyed by means of questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory test.The prevalence,awareness,treatment and control rate of hypertension of different groups were calculated and risk factors of hypertension was analyzed by using non-conditional logistic regression model.Results The overall prevalence of hypertension was 15.73％ (age-adjusted prevalence was 13.75％).The prevalence rates of hypertension in men and women were 16.36％ (age-adjusted prevalence was 12.96％),15.39％ (age-adjusted prevalence was 14.34％),respectively.The rates of awareness,treatment and control of hypertension were 59.57％,52.74％,21.29％,respectively.The prevalence of hypertension increased with age.Compared with age group 18-34 years,the age groups 55-64,≥65 years had higher risk of hypertension and the OR values were 10.53,20.96 for men and 16.27,33.20 for women.The overweight (OR=1.47 for men,OR =1.82 for women,P＜0.05) and obesity (OR =1.88 for men,OR=2.66 for women,P＜0.05) also increased the risk of hypertension.The groups with family history of hypertension (OR=3.85 for men,OR=2.34 for women,P＜0.05) also had higher risk of hypertension.Hypertriglyceridemia was positively correlated with the prevalence of hypertension in men (OR=1.62,95％CI:1.09-2.41).Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in Uygur adults in Kashgar area of Xinjiang was at relatively low level.The related risk factors were age,overweight,obesity,family history and hypertriglyceridemia in men and the risk factors were similar in women except hypertriglyceridemia.