Objective To investigate the risk factors of the mild cognitive impairment(Mild Cognitive Impair?ment,MCI)secondary to the mild to moderate traumatic brain injury patients. Method The clinical and neuroimaging da?ta from 106 patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury during July 1, 2014 to July 1 ,2015 were collected. Cog?nitive function in patients with head injury after three months was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Addenbrooke improved cognitive assessment (ACE-R). The impact of the different lesions on cognitive function was analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression with patients with secondary MCI as the dependent variable and brain tissue lesions as independent variables. Results Sixty-nine pa?tients had normal cognitive function whereas 30 patients had MCI. seven patients were lost to follow. Univariate logistic regression analysis did not revealed any significance in age and GCS scores (P>0.05), but revealed significances in multi?ple lesions, lesioned hemisphere, the lobar white matter lesions and the internal capsule involvement (P<0.05). Multivari?ate logistic regression analysis showed that the left hemisphere(P=0.029,OR=1.637,95%CI=1.348~2.169), temporal lobe area(P<0.001,OR=1.521,95%CI=1.240~2.203), anterior limb(P=0.024,OR=1.526,95%CI=1.107~2.329), multi? ple lesions(P<0.001,OR=1.936,95%CI=1.287~3.228)were the risk factors of MCI. Conclusion Lesions in the left hemisphere, bilateral frontal and temporal lobe area, internal capsule injury and multiple lesions damage are the risk fac?tors of the mild cognitive impairment secondary to the mild to moderate traumatic brain injury.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of antibiotic -impregnated shunt catheters in hydrocephalus shunt. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data from patients with hydrocephalus shunt surgery in our hospital during the period from May 2011 to August 2016. Based on the types of catheters, patients were divided into common conduit (not AISCs group) and antibiotics infiltrating pipe groups (AISCs group). All patients were followed up for 6 months after shunt surgery. The diversion and infection was recorded. Results The data of 193 patients with hydrocephalus shunt were analyzed, including 124 cases of non-AISCs group and 69 cases of AISCs group. Compared with non-AISCs group,the incidence of postoperative infection of AISCs was significantly decreased(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of shunt and reoperation between the two groups (P>0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in the rupture, displacement and exposure of the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion ASICs can effectively reduce the incidence of hydrocephalus shunt infection.

Objective: To investigate the role of CD11b agonist leukadherin-1 (LA1) in the development of intestinal inflammation and colitis disease in a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Methods: The mouse model of experimental colitis was induced by DSS. Body weight changes and survival status were monitored every day. The length of colons was measured at day 7. Colon tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and observed under an optical microscope for pathological analysis. The percentages of apoptotic cells in colon tissues were observed by TUNEL staining. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was measured with MPO activity detection kit. IL-1β and TNF-α levels were detected by ELISA. Macrophages and TNF-α in colon tissues were observed using immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the changes in TLR4 expression on macrophages after stimulating mice with LA1 for 0, 3, 6 and 12 h. Moreover, TLR4 expression was also measured by Western blot after treating bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with LA1 for 0, 3, 6 and 12 h. Unpaired t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Compared with the DSS group, the LA1+ DSS group presented lower mortality rate, greater body weight and longer colon and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant. Moreover, the LA1+ DSS group showed lighter pathological damages, decreased percentage of apoptotic cells and suppressed MPO activity as compared with those of the DSS group. The number of macrophages and the relative concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in colon tissues were lower in the LA1+ DSS group than in the DSS group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the total expression of TLR4 on macrophages before and after LA1 treatment. However, the mean flourscence indensity (MFI) of TLR4 was weaker on the LA1-treated macrophages than on the untreated macrophages. Conclusions LA1 could alleviate the DSS-induced experimental colitis in mice through suppressing the activation of TLR4 pathway on macrophages. This study provided a new insight and theoretical reference for understanding the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases.