Objective To evaluate the genotoxicity of the organic extracts in the fishpond water containing the sewage. Methods Healthy Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to the body weight, 8 mice in each group. The mice were treated with organic extracts through intraperitoneal injection at the doses of 25 L/kg, 12.5 L/kg, 6.25 L/kg, 3.125 L/kg water sample respectively for 3 consecutive days. Genotoxicity induced by organic extracts from the fishpond water containing the sewage was detected by the mice bone marrow micronucleus test and un-fluorescent staining comet assay of mice peripheral blood lymphocytes. Results The frequencies of the micronuclei in PCE cells of mice in the 25 L/kg and 12.5 L/kg groups of the sample were significantly higher than those of the negative control group(P

Objective To understand the genotoxicity of organic extracts (OEs) of fishpond water containing sewage.Methods Male Kunming mice were randomly divided into different groups according to the body weight,6 in each group.The OEs were administrated to the mice through peritoneal injection at the doses of 25.00 L/kg,12.50 L/kg and 6.25 L/kg respectively for 3 consecutive days.The negative and positive control groups were treated with DMSO and cyclophosphamide (CP) respectively.The DNA damage was tested by using un-fluorescent staining comet assay.Results The tailed-cells rates and tail length in each OEs treated group were significantly higher than those in the negative control group (P

Aim To develop a sensitive, rapid and ac-curate LC-MSn method for determination of midazolam/1′-hydroxymidazolam and their pharmacokinetic char-acteristics in rat brain. Methods SD rats received in-travenous injection of midazolam ( 5 mg · kg-1 ) via femoral vein, a probe drug of cytochrome P450 3A. The microdialysis ( MD ) samples in situ brain were collected every 8 mins at 2. 0μl·min-1 in 2. 4 hours. Analytes in brain dialysate were quantified by the pro-posed LC-MSn method. Gradient elution was performed on an Agilent Eclipse Plus-C18 column ( 2 . 1 × 50 mm, 3. 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of 2 mmol ·L-1 ammonium acetate and acetonitrile. The analyte was detected using electrospray ionization ( ESI ) in multiple reaction monitoring ( MRM) modes. The reac-tion selected ions were 326 . 1/291 . 1 m/z for midazo-lam, 342. 1/324. 1 m/z for 1′-hydroxymidazolam and 285. 1/154. 0 m/z for diazepam as internal standard. Result The linear ranges of midazolam and 1′-hydroxymidazolam were 0 . 78~100 and 0 . 195 ~12 . 5μg·L-1 respectively. The lower limit of quantification was 0 . 2 μg · L-1 . The RSD of intra- and inter-batch precisions was less than 7 %. The RSD of accuracy was from -1 . 34 to -8 %. Conclusion This sensi-tive and rapid LC-MSn method is suitable for determi-nation of midazolam/1′-hydroxymidazolam in rat brain dialysate. MD combined with LC-MSn method may give assistance to deep and further studies of drug metabo-lism and CYP3A enzyme in brain.

Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of renal inflammatory pseudotumor (RIP). Methods 10 cases of RIP treated from 1970 to 1999 were reviewed and the diagnosis and treatment were discussed. Results The main clinical manifestation of RIP were fever,lumbago and hematuria.6 of 10 underwent nephrectomy because of the suspicion of kidney cancer whereas the other 4 were cured by antibiotics without recurrence on following up for 1～5 years. Conclusions RIP is rare,the diagnosis being based on clinical symptoms together with dynamic B ultrasound and CT scan.Needle biopsy is indicated to establish the diagnosis if necessary.Antibiotics is usually effective.

Objective The transgenic Atractylodes macrocephala resistance to Rhizoctonia solani was obtained by gene engineering. Methods On the base of the efficient regeneration system of Baizhu via shoot organogenesis, the rice chitinase gene (RCH10) and the alfalfa ?-1, 3-glucanase gene (AGLU) were tandem-inserted into the transformation vector pB101, which was transformed into A. macrocephala with gene gun. Transformants were confirmed by PCR, GUS assay, and disease resistant. Results Twenty-five independent transformants possessed desired genes were observed by PCR detection, and among them five transformants exhibiting resistance to Rhizoctonia solani. Conclusion The disease resistant variety has been obtained by transformation, which provides a shorten avenue for the direct introduction of novel traits into A. macrocephala through genetic engineering without the need for numerous back-crossing in breeding programs that slow down cultivar improvement, meanwhile it improves disease resistant gene pool.

OBJECTIVE: To establish and a method for determination of allicin and the fingerprints of intravenous emulsion containing garlic oil. METHODS:GC method was applied to determine allicin in preparation and the fingerprints of intravenous emulsion containing garlic oil. The separation was performed on HP-5 (30 m?320 ?m?0.25 ?m) column with the flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1 and inlet temperature of 250 ℃. The column temperature was 60～220 ℃ and rose by temperature-programmed method with N2 as carrier gas. The temperature of FID detector was 300 ℃ with furan as internal standard. RESULTS: The linear ranges of allicin were 0.05～2.4 mg?mL-1(r=0.999 8). The average recovery were 102.5% (RSD=0.41%,n=9). There were 17 mutual peaks in the fingerprints of intravenous emulsion containing garlic oil. The RSD of intra-day relative retention time and relative peak area were less than 0.05% and 8% respectively. After preparation setting for 48 h at room temperature, the RSD of relative retention time and relative peak areas were less than 0.08% and 15% respectively. The RSD of them in the replicate test were less than 0.04% and 8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is accurate, reliable, simple and available for quality control of intravenous emulsion containing garlic oil

Since the beginning of 973 plans and major scientific research programs,the ministry of science and technology has organized the implementation of a number of major projects under the principle guidance of top-level design,co-ordinate arrangements,advantage integration and dynamic adjustment.Prominent advance of technology and expansion of innovation capacity has become possible with the success of those major projects.As a dominant force of basic science research,universities took part in the designing and implementing of most of 973 major scientific research programs.In this paper,participating universities,such as Peking University,Tsinghua University,Fudan University,Zhejiang University,Shanghai Jiaotong University,University of Science and Technology of China,Nanjing University,were analyzed in their roles played in those projects,and the questions of how universities should make the adjustment to their planning and management to meet the requirements of future national research programs were discussed.

Objective To clone the full length staphylococcal protein A(SPA) gene from Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538), and subsequently study the gene structure and antibody binding ability.Methods The full length and the functional region of the SPA gene were cloned into pHisSUMO vector respectively, and expressed in E. coli. The full length and the functional fragment of the SPA protein were detected for antibody binding ability and stability. The functional fragment of the SPA protein fused with SUMO was coupled to the CNBr-activated agarose for antibody purification from rabbit serum. Results A variant of the full length SPA gene was cloned, which has been submitted to GenBank (the accession number is EU695225). Two fusion proteins had the same antibody binding ability as the untagged SPA protein. However, the formers was more stable than the latter at the tested conditions. SUMO-SPA conjugated-agarose kept high efficiency for antibody binding. Conclusion To our knowledge, the full length SPA gene of S.aureus(ATCC6538) is a novel variant. The SUMO tag can improve the stability of the functional region of the SPA protein without damaging the antibody binding ability. This fusion protein has been used for antibody purification successfully.

Objective:To optimize the extraction process of Hegan Lidan granules. Methods:In order to choose the optimal tech-nological parameters, the content of baicalin was determined by HPLC. An orthogonal method was utilized with solvent volume, extrac-tion time and extraction times as the impacting factors and the content of baicalin and extraction rate as the indices. Results:The opti-mal parameters were as follows:using 8-fold water as the solvent, the raw material was extracted three times with 2 h for each. Con-clusion:The process is steady and feasible, and can be used in the extraction of Hegan Lidan granules.

BACKGROUND:Currently, surgical treatment for Sanders III type, IV type fractures to restore damaged subtalar surface of the calcaneus and calcaneal shape, in order to reduce the incidence of traumatic arthritis has reached a consensus, and whether bone grafting is selected during surgery for calcaneal fractures has been a controversial issue. OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical effect of Genex synthetic bone transplants and locking plate on comminuted calcaneal fractures. METHODS:Twenty-one cases of Sanders III type, IV type calcaneal fractures were retrospectively analyzed, including 16 males and 5 females, aged 22 to 55 years. After fracture reduction, a dough-like Genex bone graft was implanted into the defect region via lateral“L”shaped approach, and then the lateral wal of the bone was reset fol owed by internal fixation with the pre-curved locking plate. Fol ow-up observation was performed for fracture healing, Bolher angle and the Maryland Foot Score. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 21 patients were fol owed up for 8-16 months. The fractures were healed without displacement, col apse and rejection. The bone graft was degraded within 6 months and completed absorbed after 1 year. According to Maryland Foot Score, the excellent rate was up to 86%, and the Bolher angle was increased from an average preoperative (5.3±3.35)° to postoperative (24.3±1.06)°. Genex artificial bone meal is a biomaterial that can be completely absorbed, has good plasticity and strong supporting force, and it is able to ful y fil bone defects, be easy to fracture reduction, induce bone formation, and promote fracture healing.