The hypotensive effect of PAMC and its mechanism were studied.In conscious renal hypertensive rats, intraperitonal injection of PAMC once a day for 7d at the dosage of 11 mg/kg ( 1 time/day ) and oral administration of the drug 3 times a day for 14 d at the dosage of 12 mg/kg/d, the arterial pressure decreased 29.0?2.8% and 20.3 ? 1.4%, respectively.In normal anesthetized dogs and rats, intravenous injection of PAMC at the dosage of 0.4 mg/kg, the mean arterial pressure deceased 43.7 ? 7.9 and 39.7 ? 2.3%. In anesthetized rabbits and rats, intraduodenal injection of PAMC at the dosage of 4 mg/kg, the mean arterial pressure decreased 24.5 ? 3.8% and 38.2 ? 11.4%, respectively.The experiments suggested that inhibition of the (?) -adrenal receptors may be the principal mechanism of the hypotensive action of PAMC. Ganglion blockade, vasodilation as Well as excitation of ?2-adrenal receptors may also be involved.The acuts iv PAMC LD50 in mice were 25.5?5.0 mg/kg.

Objective The transgenic Atractylodes macrocephala resistance to Rhizoctonia solani was obtained by gene engineering. Methods On the base of the efficient regeneration system of Baizhu via shoot organogenesis, the rice chitinase gene (RCH10) and the alfalfa ?-1, 3-glucanase gene (AGLU) were tandem-inserted into the transformation vector pB101, which was transformed into A. macrocephala with gene gun. Transformants were confirmed by PCR, GUS assay, and disease resistant. Results Twenty-five independent transformants possessed desired genes were observed by PCR detection, and among them five transformants exhibiting resistance to Rhizoctonia solani. Conclusion The disease resistant variety has been obtained by transformation, which provides a shorten avenue for the direct introduction of novel traits into A. macrocephala through genetic engineering without the need for numerous back-crossing in breeding programs that slow down cultivar improvement, meanwhile it improves disease resistant gene pool.

Objective To prepare and optimize fibrin-gel-coated vaneomycin alginate beads (FG-Vanco-AB)and investigate their possible use in treatment of osteomyelitis or prevention of infection.Methods Vancomycin alginate beads were produced by dropping vancomycin and alginate mixed liquor into calcium chloride solution.Beads including high vancomycin content were prepared and chosen by optimizing different concentrations of vancomycin solution and alginate solution.These beads were coated with fibrin gel formed by different concentrations of fibrin and the same concentration thrombin.The optimized beads were selected based on available release time,when vancomycin in medium could kill Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC25923). Results Higher content of vancomycin in bead resulted in increase of vancomycin concentration and alginate concentration in mixed liquid.The highest vancomycin content beads were prepared by 16%alginate and 50 mr/ml vancomycin,up to(27.36±0.90)%.The further results showed that vancomycin concentrations from beads coated with fibrin at 75 mg/ml and thrombin at 400 IU/ml could kill Staphylococcus aureus and remained above the breakpoint sensitivity for 19 days.Conclusion The available release time is prolonged,and the possibility of clinical use is conspicuously increased after vancomycin beads are optimized by adjusting the rate of mixed component and fibrin gel coat.

Objective To clone the full length staphylococcal protein A(SPA) gene from Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538), and subsequently study the gene structure and antibody binding ability.Methods The full length and the functional region of the SPA gene were cloned into pHisSUMO vector respectively, and expressed in E. coli. The full length and the functional fragment of the SPA protein were detected for antibody binding ability and stability. The functional fragment of the SPA protein fused with SUMO was coupled to the CNBr-activated agarose for antibody purification from rabbit serum. Results A variant of the full length SPA gene was cloned, which has been submitted to GenBank (the accession number is EU695225). Two fusion proteins had the same antibody binding ability as the untagged SPA protein. However, the formers was more stable than the latter at the tested conditions. SUMO-SPA conjugated-agarose kept high efficiency for antibody binding. Conclusion To our knowledge, the full length SPA gene of S.aureus(ATCC6538) is a novel variant. The SUMO tag can improve the stability of the functional region of the SPA protein without damaging the antibody binding ability. This fusion protein has been used for antibody purification successfully.

BACKGROUND: As reported in some literatures, articular dysfunction following limb lengthening is one of the commonest complications, but some scholars believe that the articular dysfunction after lower limb lengthening is avoidable providing appropriate technical operation and effective function prevention.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of articular function of knee during limb lengthening in rabbits so as to provide a experimental basis for clinical tasks.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial SETTING: Department of Orthopeadics, Affiliated Hospital of Some Military Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Study was conducted in the Experimental Animal Center of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from February 2001 to June 2002. Totally 30 healthy adult New Zealand rabbits obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA were randomly divided into lengthening group and delayed observation group(observed at 3 months after the stop of lengthening).METHODS: Every group was further divided into three sub-groups according to distraction range: 10%, 20% and 40%. Upper-tibia metaphysis distraction was adopted at the rate of 1 mm per day . Distraction and iconography changes of knee joint were observed with X-ray. The motive range of knee was investigated at the end of distraction and three months later.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Articular motive range of the knee before the distraction, at the end of distraction and three months later, X-ray resutls RESULTS: ① There was no obvious radiographic change in knee at every time point in each group. ② Significant flexion disorder in knee was found in 20% distraction subgroup( P ＜ 0. 05), which was only 44. 7% of normal motive range in 40% distraction subgroup( P ＜ 0. 01) . Motive functions of knee in delayed observation group were significantly improved; thereinto,20% distraction subgroup returned to preoperative level, while 40% distraction subgroup also had significant improvement compared with that of 3 months earlier but still lower than normal level, which was only about 88.5% of normal level( P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Temporary articular dysfunction might occur during limb lengthening process, and mostly during big range of distraction. Although the dysfunction could be gradually recovered after the stop of lengthening, active prevention is still necessary.

Objective To investigate the relationship of urinary liver-type fatty-acid binding protein and progression of ne-phropathy in diabetic patients .Methods A total of 132 cases of type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients were recruited in this study , and were divided into four groups based on the urine albumin /creatinine and serum creatinine levels , including normal albuminuria group ( n =45), microalbuminuria group ( n =36), clinical albuminuria group ( n =30), and renal failure group ( n =21), Additional 65 healthy subjects were recruited as control group .The levels of urinary liver-type fatty-acid binding protein ( L-FABP) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and serum creatinine, urine creatinine, Liver function, hemoglobin, glycated he-moglobin (HbA1c), albumin (Alb), and 24h urinary protein were measured by respective biochemical or immunological methods . Results With the progression of diabetic nephropathy , the level of urinary L-FABP was gradually increased ( P <0.01 ) , subgroup analysis showed that the level of urine L-FABP of normal albuminuria group was significantly higher than that of healthy group ( P <0.05 ) .The level of urine L-FABP of microalbuminuria group was significantly higher than that of normal albuminuria group ( P <0.01 ) .The level of urine L-FABP of clinical albuminuria group was significantly higher than that of microalbuminuria group ( P <0.01 ) .The level of urine L-FABP of renal failure group was significantly higher than that of clinical albuminuria group ( P <0.01 ) . The levels of urinary L-FABP was negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate ( eGFR) ( r =-0.812 , P <0.01 ) , was positively correlated with Scr ( r =0.901, P <0.01), and was no correlation with HbA1c ( P >0.05).Conclusions The uri-nary L-FABP level can predict the occurrence of early diabetic nephropathy , and also monitor the progression of diabetic nephropathy .

Objective To compare the differences of atria and atrial myocyte structure in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and sinus rhythm(SR) .To evaluate the influence of AF on cardiac function .Methods 79 patients without heart failure undergoing car-diopulmonary bypass surgery were divided into the AF group (n=39) and the SR group(n=40) .Echocardiography was performed for analysis of left ventricular end diastolic dimension(LVDd) ,left ventricular end-systolic dimension(LVDs) ,left ventricular poste-rior wall(LVPW) ,interventricular septum(IVS) and left atrial diameter(LAD) .Part of left atrial appendages was taken freshly for HE staining in order to observe atrial tissue structure .Results LVDd ,LVDs ,LVPW and IVS of the AF group were lower than that of the SR group .But LAD of the AF group was higher than the SR group .There was statistical significance in IVS and LAD between the two groups(P<0 .05) ,and there were no significant differences in other aspects (P>0 .05) .Compared with the SR group ,the AF group had thinner myocardial atrophy ,more obvious fibrosis ,smaller nucleus and darker HE staining .Conclusion The incidence of AF was mainly in rheumatic heart disease .The development of AF was mostly accompanied with the enlargement of LAD and the change of atrial tissue structure which showed that AF can reduce cardiac function .

Objective To assess the patient effective dose during SPECT/CT imaging.Methods A total of 157 patients (85 males,72 females;mean age:(60.46±13.44) years,range:24-88 years) who underwent SPECT/CT from April 2013 to September 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into 3 groups:99Tcm-MDP bone scan group (n=113),99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group (n=23) and 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group (n=21).The injection dose (MBq) was recorded and the effective dose (mSv) was estimated according to the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) guideline.The volume-weighted computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) of CT were also recorded and the effective dose (mSv) due to CT was calculated.The effective doses among different groups were statistically compared by Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test and Wilcoxon rank sum test.Results The effective dose from radiopharmaceuticals were (4.02±0.35) mSv for 99Tcm-MDP bone scan,(6.13±0.53) mSv for 99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging and (1.66±0.13) mSv for 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging (x2=96.853;Z =7.533,7.262 and 5.676;all P＜ 0.05).The effective dose due to CT were (3.84±1.98),(1.04±0.19),(4.05±0.47) mSv respectively (x2 =41.225,P＜0.05),and there were significant differences between 99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group and 99Tcm-MDP bone scan group,99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group(Z=6.046 and 5.672,both P＜0.05).The total effective dose during SPECT/CT imaging were (7.86± 1.98),(7.21±0.81) and (5.71±0.45) mSv (x2 =28.988,P＜ 0.05).There were significant differences between 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group and 99Tcm-MDP bone scan group,99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group(Z=4.967 and 4.994,both P＜0.05).Conclusions The increase in effective dose due to spiral CT during SPECT/CT examination should be concerned.Appropriate utilization and optimization of SPECT/CT is needed.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of zinc gluconate nasal spray in the prevention of upper respiratory infection. Methods A random, double-blind and placebo-controlled study was conducted in a total of 901 healthy male recruits, who were randomized into 2 groups, experiment group and control group, by using a random-number table. The experiment group, consisted of 447 recruits, was given zinc gluconate nasal spray, and the control group, consisted of 454 recruits, with placebo for one month. During the course of the experiment, 61 in trial group and 67 in control group were eliminated. The incidence of upper respiratory infection, influenza-like illness, and the incidence of all the symptoms were documented after treatment for one month. Results Seven hundred and seventy-three recruits completed the schedule finally up to standard, among them 386 recruits were in experiment group and 387 in placebo group. The incidence of upper respiratory infection and influenza-like illness were lower in experiment group (26.94% and 0.26%, respectively) than in control group (34.37% and 2.06%, respectively; ?2=5.010 for upper respiratory infection, P

Objective To identify the application of puncture biopsy under ultrasound guidance in diagnosis of bone tumor.Methods The results of ultrasonic puncture biopsy were comparatively analysed with that of imaging diagnosis and postoperative-pathological diagnosis in 17 patients with bone tumors.Results The giant cell tumor of bone were diagnosed by puncture biopsy in 8 cases,by imaging in 12 cases and by pathology,postoperation in 9 cases,the corresponding rate was 66.7% and 88.9% respectively.Bone cyst in 2 cases,fibrous dysplasia in 2 cases,metastasis from lung carcinoma in one case,osteosarcoma in 2 cases were confirmed by both pathology and puncture biopsy.The aneurysmal bone cyst in one case was diagnosed by imaging,but no blood-like fluid was harvested in puncture,one case of metastasis in proximal femur,one case of fibrous dysplasia and one case of osteosarcoma were diagnosed by imaging,while one case,2 cases and one case diagnosed by puncture respectively.One case of bone cyst was confirmed by imaging,puncture biopsy and pathology.Conclusion The puncture biopsy under ultrasound guidance is of high diagnostic rate in bone tumors,it is a good choice for the diagnosis of bone tumor.