OBJECTIVE:To study the application of antimicrobials in patients undergoing elective cesarean section and to promote rational use of drugs in our hospital. METHODS: 240 cases of elective cesarean section were randomly selected from our hospital during Jan.～Apr. in 2009 and Jul.～Oct. in 2009, respectively (n=120). Retrospective analysis was applied to analyze the application of antimicrobials in those cases. RESULTS: Prophylactic application of antimicrobials was rational after intervention with cephalosporins as the main category. The phenomena of excessive dose of drugs were controlled effectively to shorten medication duration. The rate of medication 0.5～2 h before operation increased and the cost of medicines reduced. CONCLUSION: Relevant measures of intervention can improve rational use of drugs in perioperative patients undergoing elective cesarean section in our hospital and reduce the cost of operation.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of linear scalp-acupuncture combined with herbs in the treatment of Parkinson's disease(PD).methods:One hundred and fifty PD cases were randomized into four groups in the sequence ofvisit.Eighty-eight cases in group A,were treated by linear scalp.acupuncture and herbs effective to nourish the liver and kidneys,activate blood and remove wind,and acupuncture was performed every other day and 10 treatments made uP one course;20 cases in group B,were treated only by linear scalp-acupuncture;20 cases in group C,were treated by herbs effective to nourish the liver and kidneys,activate blood and remove wind;22 cases in group D,were treated by Dopamine.All groups were treated for three months.Resuits:The total response rate was 89.8%in group A,similarto 86.4%in group D(P＞0.05),and higherthan 65.0%in group C(P＜0.01).Conclusion:Linear scalp-acupuncture combined with herbs is quite effective in the treatment of PD.

Objective:To investigate frequencies and polymorphism of HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 allele in the Hans of Zunyi area.Methods:Polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers(PCR-SSP) were used to type HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 genes of 200 unrelated healthy Han individuals in Zunyi area.Results:13 HLA-DRB1 and 7 HLA-DQB1 alleles were obtained at low resolution level in all subjects.The allele DRB1*09,DRB1*08 and DQB1*05 were showed high distributing frequencies;The allele DRB1*10 and DQB1*04 were scarcely found with low distributing frequencies.Comparied with Northern and Southern Han people,it would seem that Han people in Zunyi are more closely related to the Southern ones.The allele B*07 was scarcely found in the Southern Han with a high distributing frequency(GF=2.0%).Conclusion:HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 of Han people in Zunyi have plenty of polymorphisms.They seem to distribute in line with the Southern Han's characteristics but have their own territory feature with a high B*07 frequency.

Objective:To explore the association between HLA-DR,DQ allele polymorphisms and onset of epidemic hemorrhagic fever(EHF)among Han Nationality in Zunyi area.Methods:Using group study,HLA-DR and DQ genotyping was conducted in 100 EHF cases and 100 controls among Han Nationality in Zunyi area with polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer(PCR-SSP),GF(gene frequency)and RR(relative risk)were calculated and compared.Results:The frequency of HLA-DRB1 16 in patients with EHF was higher than in the control group(RR=3.58,?2=4.916,P=0.0266

Objective To explore the correlation between HLA-A, B alleles polymorphism and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) among Han nationality in Zunyi area. Methods Using group study, HLA-A, B genotypes were conducted in 100 HFRS cases and 100 controls among Han nationality in Zunyi area with polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP), gene frequency (GF) and relative risk (RR) were compared and calculated. Results The frequencies of HLA-A * 31 and HLA-B * 58 alleles in HFRS cases (GF=4%,12.5%) were strikingly higher than that in the healthy controls (X2=6.380, 7.792, P<0.05;RR=18.47,2.91). The frequencies of HLA-B * 40 alleles in HFRS cases (GF=11%) were strikingly higher than that in the healthy controls (X2=6.095,P<0.01, RR=O.47). Conclusion HLA-A * 31, B * 58 genes are positively related to HFRS of Han nationality in Zunyi area, HLA-B * 40 gene is negatively related to HFRS of Han nationality in Zunyi area.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of 0.2% chloroprocaine combined with ropivacaine on epidural labor analgesia and median effective concentration （EC50） of ropivacaine. METHODS Totally 67 parturients who scheduled for vaginal delivery and required epidural labor analgesia were collected from our hospital from July to October 2023 and randomly divided into RL group （33 cases） and R group （34 cases）. The concentration of ropivacaine was determined by modified Dixon sequential method. RL group was given 0.2% Chloroprocaine hydrochloride injection+Ropivacaine hydrochloride injection+0.4 μg/mL Sufentanil citrate injection； R group was given Ropivacaine hydrochloride injection+0.4 μg/mL Sufentanil citrate injection. EC50 of ropivacaine， analgesic effect during delivery， total dosage of analgesic drugs， analgesic satisfaction score， the incidence of adverse reactions， delivery status， and Apgar score of newborns were observed in two groups. RESULTS EC50 of ropivacaine， onset time， remedial analgesia rate， the incidence of perineal distension and breakthrough pain and total dosage of analgesic drugs of RL group were significantly lower than R group， and analgesic satisfaction score was significantly higher than R group （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of adverse reactions such as numbness， weakness， and chills in the lower limbs， or the duration of labor， amount of bleeding， mode of delivery， and Apgar score of newborns between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS For epidural labor analgesia， 0.2% chloroprocaine combined with ropivacaine can reduce EC50 of ropivacaine， improve analgesia effect and have good safety.