AIM:To investigate the current situation and future trend of the use of antihypertensives in Fuzhou District METHODS:The data of antihypertensives used in 10 hospitals of Fuzhou District during the 1997～2000 were analysed by DDD RESULTS:15 different kinds of antihypertensives were used in these 10 hospitals and captopril,nifedipine and HCT were the first 3 agents in DDDs order in 4 years The use of long-acting calcium antagnosts,felodipine slow-released tablets,increased year by year CONCLUSION:Economical feasibility and effectiveness are the basic principle for using drugs The long-acting preparations are gradually attracting attention of clinical doctors because they are convenient in taking and less in ADRs

Objective To investigate the effects of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) on ethanol-induced liver injury in rats. Methods 48 female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups as control, model, small and large dose SAM groups. Except control group, all rats were fed high fat-containing diet plus ethanol and fish oil gavage for 8 weeks. SAM was administered by intraperitioneal injection after 4 weeks of exposure to ethanol. Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), serum aminotransferase activity (ALT), liver malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) contents were assayed, and expression of TNF-? was detected by immunohistochemistry, and liver histology was also examined. Results Compared with control group, model group rats developed marked liver damage, accompanied by an increase of tHcy, ALT, and MDA levels, but a decrease of GSH levels (P0.05). Conclusion SAM prevents alcohol-induced liver injury in rats by reducing liver lipid peroxidation, together with down-regalation of expression of TNF-?. SAM does not affect the plasma total homocysteine levels.

Objective To discuss the effectiveness of knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)-based health management on type 2 diabetes in community residents.Methods From June 2010 to December 2011,930 type 2 diabetes patients living in Mishi Lane Community were enrolled and assigned to the intervention group(n=494) and the control group(n=436).The KAP mode was used for the intervention group,and the routine management mode was applied to the control group.Fasting blood glucose(FBG),PBG2 h,HbAlc,blood pressure(BP),triglyceride(TG) and body mass index(BMI) were tested and recorded.Student's t test or Chi-square test was used for data analysis.Results Age(t=0.124,P＞0.05),gender(x2=2.0,P＞0.05) and other demographics showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups(all P＞0.05).After one-year KAP-based health management,HbA 1 c of the intervention group reduced to(6.1 ± 1.2)％,FBG and PBG2 h reduced by 1.7 and 3.23 mmol/L,respectively(t=4.926,P＜0.05; t=4.306,P＜0.05; t=4.523,P＜ 0.05).Diet,physical exercises,medication,regular inspection,unhealthy habits and questionare test awaveness of the intervention group were improved(86.03％,82.19％,85.63％,70.45％ 76.11％ and 88.46％,respectively.Drinking,dietary structure,overweight and physical exercises of the intervention group were also improved(14.17％,15.79％,70.65％ and 68.83％,respectively; all P＜0.001).Conclusion The KAPbased health management is proved to be effective in the control of community diabetic patients.

Objective To discuss the effectiveness of community-based intensified health management on type Ⅱ diabetes patients.Metbods From June 2010 to December 2011,1 024 type Ⅱ diabetes patients in Mishi Lane community were enrolled and assigned to the intervention group (n=501,obtaining intensive health management) and the control group (n=523,obtaining routine community health management).Fastingbloodglucose (FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose (PBG2h),HbA1c,blood pressure (BP),triglyceride (TG) and body mass index (BMI) were tested and recorded before and after the intervention.Student's t test or Chi-square test were used for data analysis.Results Differences of age (t=0.124,P＞0.05) and gender (x2=2.0,P＞0.05) were not statistically significant (both P＞0.05).Following the intensive health management,the control rates of HbA1c,BP,TG and BMI were increased to 75.4％,30.4％,85.6％ and 49.0％,respectively (x2 values were 4.54,4.71,6.54 and 3.67; all P＜0.05).TG,FBG and PBG2h of the intervention group were (1.5 ± 0.9),(6.2 ± 1.3) and (8.3 ± 2.4) mmol/L,respectively,which were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P＜0.05).Conclusion Community-based intensive health management could be effective for diabetes patients.

Objective To investigate the status of mental health and related factors in cervical cancer patients received radiotherapy and chemotherapy,and to implement individualized nursing intervention.Methods 60 cervical cancer patients with radiation and chemotherapy were enrolled in this study.The depression self rating scale(SDS),anxiety self-assessment scale(SAS) were evaluated,and the influence factors of self-designed questionnaires were investigated.During the same period,60 healthy women of 4 regions in Shantou were selected as control group.The SDS and SAS were compared in two groups.And combined with the influencing factors of the investigation group after the implementation of nursing intervention 7 d psychological assessment again.Results Cervical cancer patients with radiotherapy and chemotherapy,the SDS and SAS scores were (56.1±7.7)points,(45.2±7.5)points,which were significantly higher than those of healthy women [(45.0±6.3)points,(39.2±6.5)points,t=8.142,4.588,all P<0.01].After 7 days of nursing intervention,the SDS and SAS scores in cervical cancer patients decreased significantly[SDS(49.5±6.8)points,SAS(42.7±6.2)points,P<0.05],and the influence factors of patients' mental health were worry about the hospitalization expenses,do not understand the disease related knowledge,fear,the influence of family and society,and worry about the side effects of treatment on the prognosis of disease(88%,80%,80%,75%,68.3%,65%).Conclusion Cervical cancer patients received radiotherapy and chemotherapy have poor mental health status,in the treatment of diseases at the same time,the nursing staff should give psychological counseling and support,improve the patients' anxiety and depression,promote rehabilitation.

Objective To investigate the suitable mode of cognitive-behavioral therapy for lung transplant recipients during waiting for lung and evaluate the effect to improve patients' physical and mental state.Methods 50 cases were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group,each group with 25 cases.The control group received conventional treatment.The experimental group received cognitive-behavioral therapy in addition to conventional treatment.SAS and vital signs were measured in the two groups on admission,2 weeks and 4 weeks after admission.Results The SAS score of the experimental group was lower than the control group 2 weeks and 4 weeks after admission and SAS score decreased as the intervention extended.The SBp of the experimental group was lower than the control group 4 weeks after admission.There was no significant difference of DBp between two groups.The heart rate of the experimental group was lower than the control group 4 weeks after admission.The heart rate of the experimental group was lower on 2 weeks and 4 weeks after admission than on admission.4weeks after admission,the respiratory rate of the experimental group was lower than the control group and on admission.Conclusions Cognitive-behavioral therapy can reduce the level of anxiety and keep vital signs stable with good feasibility and effectiveness.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of bone metabolism biochemical marker N-MID,TP1NP and beta-CTx combined with whole body bone scintigraphy in early diagnosis of bone metastasis of tumor.Methods The concentration of the 3 markers were measured by the electrochemical luminescence analysis method in 30 cases of healthy control group and 210 cases of patients with malignant tumor,which were divided into non bone metastasis group(45 cases) and bone metastasis group(165 cases).The bone metastasis group were divided into 4 grades(0-grade Ⅲ) by Soloway classification according to whole body bone imaging.Results The levels of serum N-MID,TP1NP and beta-CTx in 165 malignant tumor patients with bone metastasis were significantly higher than in 45 malignant tumor patients with bone metastasis and in 30 healthy control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).With the increase of the number of metastatic lesions in the bone metastasis group,the serum levels of N-MID,TP1NP,and beta-CTx were increased gradually,and they were positively correlated with the progression of the disease.According to the analysis of ROC curve,the cut-off value,sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of tumor bone metastasis were 17.59 ng/mL,70.3％,88.9％ for serum N-MID,43.04 ng/mL,78.2％,95.6％ for TP1NP,and 0.48 ng/mL,73.9％,93.3％ for beta-CTx.Under the ROC curve(AUC) was 0.831 for serum N-MID,0.890 for TP1NP,and 0.869 for beta-CTx.The sensitivity and specificity of three bone metabolic markers in the diagnosis of bone metastasis of malignant tumor were significantly higher.Conclusion Bone metabolism biochemical markers:Serum N-MID,TP1NP and beta-CTx for diagnosis of bone metastasis of malignant tumor are sensitive,accurate and simple,which can significantly improve the efficiency of diagnosis of bone metastasis,and can be combined with whole-body bone scintigraphy in early diagnosis of bone metastasis with malignant tumor.

BACKGROUND: It has been explained in many big sample experiments that community comprehensive prevention from the risks of cardiocerebrovascular disease can reduce its morbidity and mortality. But, it is required more samples to verify the evaluations of the process and effect of intervention.OBJECTIVE: To understand the effect of community comprehensive prevention on cardiocerebrovascular disease and hygienic costs demanded and summarizes the suitable patterns of comprehensive prevention on cardiocerebrovascular disease in countryside.DESIGN: Healthy people in community were taken as the objects and community intervention was designed.SETTING: Department of Community Hygienic Service of People's Hospital in Guzheng Town, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province and Neurological Institute of Guangzhou Medical College.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 32 000 inhabitants were collected from 8 villages in Guzheng Town, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province from March 1992 to March 2002, aged varied from 20 to 74 years, of which, 14 600inhabitants were male and 17 400 inhabitants were female.METHODS: The intervention of community-based prevention was applied on cardiocerebrovascular disease, including managementof hypertension,smoking control, rational nutrient, nationwide body building and diabetic management.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: [1] Awareness, attitude and behavior related to cardiocerebrovascular disease. [2] Management rate and control rate of hypertension. [3] Morbidity and mortality of cerebral apoplexy.RESULTS: [1] By 10-year intervention, awareness rate of hypertension in whole group was 70.29%. [2] Management rate and control rate of hypertension were increased yearly, in which, the management rate was increased from 25.66% in 1997 to 80.50% in 2002, the total control rate was increased from 4.43% in 1997 to 45.80% in 2002, the control rate of blood pressure ＜160/95 mm HG (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) was 58.80%and that ＜140/90 mm Hg was 32.80%. [3] The systolic and diastolic pressures in intervention community were decreased averagely, in which the D-values are 7.23 mm Hg and 3.92 mm Hg respectively. [4] The awareness, attitude and behavior related to cardiocerebrovascular disease were enhanced remarkably. [5] Morbidity and mortality of cerebral apoplexy were in tendency of decreasing yearly, from 146.90/100 000 and 108.63/100 000 in 1997 to 105.83/100 000 and 69.90/100 000 in 2002 respectively, by 41.07/100 000 and 38.73/100 000 respectively in 6 years and the age of incidence was postponed. [6] It was indicated in economic analysis that the average ratio of profit to cost between 1997 and 2001 was 2.32.CONCLUSION: Community-based comprehensive prevention on cardiocerebrovascular disease improves the awareness, attitude and behavior in community group and reduces morbidity and mortality of cerebral apoplexy.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of comprehensive psychotherapy on psychology of cancer patients received chemotherapy or radiotherapy. METHODS:77 cancer patients received chemotherapy or radiotherapy were divided into two groups. Both groups received routine chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Intervention group(n=40)were additionally given comprehensive psychotherapy,i.e. cognitive therapy,psychological persuasion and relaxation training. Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were applied to evaluate all patients one week before intervention and one month after comprehensive psychotherapy. RESULTS:SAS and SDS scores of intervention group were significantly lower than that of control group after treatment(P0.05). CONCLUSION:Comprehensive psychotherapy can improve the mental state of patients with can-cer.

Objective To explore the effect of reducing anxiety of patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders by acupoint massage therapy in combination with footbath therapy .Methods Eighty-six cases were randomly divided into control group and observation group , 43 cases in each group .The control group was treated with traditional psychological care method .Based on the control group , the observation group was adopted the acupoint massage therapy in combination with footbath therapy .The clinical improvements in each group was compared , and assess the anxiety of patients before and after the therapy using the self -rating anxiety scale ( SAS).Results The effective percentage of observation group was 95.35%, and it was significantly better than that of 74.42%in control group (χ2 =4.42, P<0.05).When patients first admitted to hospital, the scores of SAS were (53.42 ±5.81) in observation group and (53.33 ±5.73) in control group, respectively (t=0.07, P>0.05).Before discharge, the scores of SAS were (40.37 ±4.32) in observation group and (50.23 ±5.62) in control group, which showed a significant reducing sign of anxiety in observation group (t=9.12, P<0.01).Conclusions The acupoint massage therapy in combination with footbath therapy helps to eliminate patients ’ anxiety.The method is simple and less painful , which is helpful to obtaining patients’ enthusiasm of cooperation in treatment , and improving early recovery .