1.Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of galangin: a potential pathway to inhibit transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor activation
Kaiwen LIN ; Datian FU ; Zhongtao WANG ; Xueer ZHANG ; Canyang ZHU
The Korean Journal of Pain 2024;37(2):151-163
Background:
Galangin, commonly employed in traditional Chinese medicine for its diverse medicinal properties, exhibits potential in treating inflammatory pain. Nevertheless, its mechanism of action remains unclear.
Methods:
Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups for 7 days: a normal control group, a galangin-treated (25 and 50 mg/kg), and a positive control celecoxib (20 mg/kg). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated using a hot plate test, acetic acid-induced writhing test, acetic acid-induced vascular permeability test, formalininduced paw licking test, and carrageenan-induced paw swelling test. The interplay between galangin, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), NF-κB, COX-2, and TNF-α proteins was evaluated via molecular docking. COX- 2, PGE2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in serum were measured using ELISA after capsaicin administration (200 nmol/L). TRPV1 expression in the dorsal root ganglion was analyzed by Western blot. The quantities of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were assessed using qPCR.
Results:
Galangin reduced hot plate-induced licking latency, acetic acid-induced contortions, carrageenantriggered foot inflammation, and capillary permeability in mice. It exhibited favorable affinity towards TRPV1, NF- κB, COX-2, and TNF-α, resulting in decreased levels of COX-2, PGE2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in serum following capsaicin stimulation. Galangin effectively suppressed the upregulation of TRPV1 protein and associated receptor neuropeptides CGRP and SP mRNA, while concurrently inhibiting the expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, COX-2, and PGE2 mRNA.
Conclusions
Galangin exerts its anti-inflammatory pain effects by inhibiting TRPV1 activation and regulating COX-2, NF-κB/TNF-α expression, providing evidence for the use of galangin in the management of inflammatory pain.
2.Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of galangin: a potential pathway to inhibit transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor activation
Kaiwen LIN ; Datian FU ; Zhongtao WANG ; Xueer ZHANG ; Canyang ZHU
The Korean Journal of Pain 2024;37(2):151-163
Background:
Galangin, commonly employed in traditional Chinese medicine for its diverse medicinal properties, exhibits potential in treating inflammatory pain. Nevertheless, its mechanism of action remains unclear.
Methods:
Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups for 7 days: a normal control group, a galangin-treated (25 and 50 mg/kg), and a positive control celecoxib (20 mg/kg). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated using a hot plate test, acetic acid-induced writhing test, acetic acid-induced vascular permeability test, formalininduced paw licking test, and carrageenan-induced paw swelling test. The interplay between galangin, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), NF-κB, COX-2, and TNF-α proteins was evaluated via molecular docking. COX- 2, PGE2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in serum were measured using ELISA after capsaicin administration (200 nmol/L). TRPV1 expression in the dorsal root ganglion was analyzed by Western blot. The quantities of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were assessed using qPCR.
Results:
Galangin reduced hot plate-induced licking latency, acetic acid-induced contortions, carrageenantriggered foot inflammation, and capillary permeability in mice. It exhibited favorable affinity towards TRPV1, NF- κB, COX-2, and TNF-α, resulting in decreased levels of COX-2, PGE2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in serum following capsaicin stimulation. Galangin effectively suppressed the upregulation of TRPV1 protein and associated receptor neuropeptides CGRP and SP mRNA, while concurrently inhibiting the expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, COX-2, and PGE2 mRNA.
Conclusions
Galangin exerts its anti-inflammatory pain effects by inhibiting TRPV1 activation and regulating COX-2, NF-κB/TNF-α expression, providing evidence for the use of galangin in the management of inflammatory pain.
3.Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of galangin: a potential pathway to inhibit transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor activation
Kaiwen LIN ; Datian FU ; Zhongtao WANG ; Xueer ZHANG ; Canyang ZHU
The Korean Journal of Pain 2024;37(2):151-163
Background:
Galangin, commonly employed in traditional Chinese medicine for its diverse medicinal properties, exhibits potential in treating inflammatory pain. Nevertheless, its mechanism of action remains unclear.
Methods:
Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups for 7 days: a normal control group, a galangin-treated (25 and 50 mg/kg), and a positive control celecoxib (20 mg/kg). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated using a hot plate test, acetic acid-induced writhing test, acetic acid-induced vascular permeability test, formalininduced paw licking test, and carrageenan-induced paw swelling test. The interplay between galangin, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), NF-κB, COX-2, and TNF-α proteins was evaluated via molecular docking. COX- 2, PGE2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in serum were measured using ELISA after capsaicin administration (200 nmol/L). TRPV1 expression in the dorsal root ganglion was analyzed by Western blot. The quantities of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were assessed using qPCR.
Results:
Galangin reduced hot plate-induced licking latency, acetic acid-induced contortions, carrageenantriggered foot inflammation, and capillary permeability in mice. It exhibited favorable affinity towards TRPV1, NF- κB, COX-2, and TNF-α, resulting in decreased levels of COX-2, PGE2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in serum following capsaicin stimulation. Galangin effectively suppressed the upregulation of TRPV1 protein and associated receptor neuropeptides CGRP and SP mRNA, while concurrently inhibiting the expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, COX-2, and PGE2 mRNA.
Conclusions
Galangin exerts its anti-inflammatory pain effects by inhibiting TRPV1 activation and regulating COX-2, NF-κB/TNF-α expression, providing evidence for the use of galangin in the management of inflammatory pain.
4.The expression levels and clinical significance of cold induced RNA binding protein and myeloid cell trigger receptor-1 in peripheral blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Zheng Zhang ; Xueer Chen ; Xianling Lu
Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui 2024;59(7):1275-1280
Objective :
To investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein ( CIRBP) and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in peripheral blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) .
Methods :
Forty hospitalized COPD patients from October 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the acute exacerbation group.After treatment,they entered the stable phase and were included in the stable phase group.During the same period,40 healthy individuals underwent physical exami- nations as the control group.General information from each group was collected,peripheral blood was collected,and the levels of CIRBP and TREM-1 in plasma were measured using enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . The relative expression levels of CIRBP mRNA and TREM-1 mRNA were measured using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) ,and lung function was measured in COPD patients and healthy individuals.
Results :
The expression levels of CIRBP and TREM-1 in peripheral blood during the acute exacerba- tion of COPD were higher than those in the stable phase group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0. 001) ; The expression levels of CIRBP and TREM-1 in peripheral blood during acute exacerbation and stable phases were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant ( all P < 0. 001) ; In both acute exacerbation and stable phases,CIRBP levels were positively correlated with TREM-1 levels ; The levels of CIRBP and TREM-1 during acute exacerbation were positively correlated with white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage,neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio ; The stable CIRBP and TREM-1 levels were negatively correla- ted with the percentage of forced expiratory volume at 1 second to the expected value,and the ratio of forced expira- tory volume to forced vital capacity at 1 second.They were positively correlated with white blood cell count,neutro- phil percentage,and neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio.
Conclusion
The expression levels of CIRBP and TREM-1 are el- evated in the peripheral blood of COPD patients.The expression of CIRBP is correlated with TREM-1 expression, and is associated with clinical indicators such as lung function,white blood cell count,neutrophil percentage,neutro- phil to lymphocyte ratio,monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio,etc.,suggesting that CIRBP and TREM-1 may jointly participate in the occurrence and development of COPD.
5.Clinical Efficacy and Regulation of Skin Microbiota in Children with Atopic Dermatitis and Damp-heat Accumulation Syndrome Treated with Zhaqu Xiaofeng Powder (楂曲消风散)
Xueer ZHANG ; Shengzhen YE ; Pai ZHENG ; E LIU ; Siqi ZHAO ; Xinwan XIAO ; Jing GUO
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024;65(8):810-820
ObjectiveTo assess the clinical efficacy and regulation of skin microbiota in children with atopic dermatitis and damp-heat accumulation syndrome treated by Zhaqu Xiaofeng Powder (楂曲消风散, ZXP). MethodsNinety children were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, each with 45 children. The treatment group received ZXP orally, while the control group received levocetirizine hydrochloride syrup, both for 4 weeks. The atopic dermatitis severity index (SCORAD)score, visual analog scale (VAS)score for itching, children dermatology life quality index (CDLQI)score, and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score were assessed before and after 2- and 4-week treatment. Simultaneously, adhering to the principles of sample size in microbial sequencing, 25 children were randomly selected from each group (total 50 children); skin samples were collected before and after treatment, and skin specimen DNA was extracted for 16S rRNA gene amplifier sequencing; the skin microbiota levels were detected, and the distribution of bacteria, diversity of flora, and differences between groups were compared. ResultsThere were five drop-outs in each group, and 40 cases in each group were included in final analysis.
6.Medical ozone alleviates pain in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis
Caixia LU ; Simin ZHANG ; Aihemaiti NIGEAYI ; Xueer LI ; Zeyuan CHEN ; Tuerdi MAIMAITITUXUN
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research 2024;28(27):4300-4305
BACKGROUND:Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis can cause severe pain,which significantly affects the patient's quality of life and psychological health.Studies have found that medical ozone can effectively alleviate pain due to temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis,but its analgesic effect and mechanism are still unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of medical ozone on pain relief in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis and the potential mechanisms. METHODS:Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups(n=6 per group):control group,model group,air group,and medical ozone group.A sodium iodate-induced rat model of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis was established in all groups except for the control group.After 1 week of modeling,rats in the air group and medical ozone group were injected with clean air and medical ozone,respectively,in the temporomandibular joint.The injection frequency for the air group and medical ozone group was once a week for three times in total.The von Frey mechanized pain measurement technique was used to assess the mechanical pain threshold of the temporomandibular joint in rats before and 28 days after modeling.ELISA was utilized to detect interleukin-1β in both serum and temporomandibular joint fluid at 28 days after modeling.Histopathologic changes of the temporomandibular joint were evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin staining.Additionally,the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and cyclooxygenase 2 in the temporomandibular joint were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group,the mechanical pain thresholds of the temporomandibular joint in the model group were decreased at 1,3,7,14,21,and 28 days after modeling(P<0.01);and compared with the model and air groups,the mechanical pain thresholds of the temporomandibular joint in the medical ozone group were increased at 28 days after modeling(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the level of interleukin 1β in the serum and joint fluid of rats in the model group was elevated(P<0.01);compared with the model and air groups,the level of interleukin 1β in the serum and joint fluid of rats in the medical ozone group was decreased(P<0.01).Hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed derangement and degeneration of the cartilage structure in the model group and the air group,while the derangement of the cartilage structure in the medical ozone group was less than that in the model group and the air group.Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and cyclooxygenase 2 in the temporomandibular joints of rats in the model group was elevated compared with that in the control group(P<0.01);the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and cyclooxygenase 2 in the temporomandibular joints of rats in the medical ozone group was decreased compared with that in the model group and the air group(P<0.01,P<0.05).These findings suggest that medical ozone can alleviate the pain caused by osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joints in Sprague-Dawley rats by reducing the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α,interleukin 1β,and cyclooxygenase 2.