The aim of this study was to propose an algorithm for three-dimensional projection onto convex sets (3D POCS) to achieve super resolution reconstruction of 3D lung computer tomography (CT) images, and to introduce multi-resolution mixed display mode to make 3D visualization of pulmonary nodules. Firstly, we built the low resolution 3D images which have spatial displacement in sub pixel level between each other and generate the reference image. Then, we mapped the low resolution images into the high resolution reference image using 3D motion estimation and revised the reference image based on the consistency constraint convex sets to reconstruct the 3D high resolution images iteratively. Finally, we displayed the different resolution images simultaneously. We then estimated the performance of provided method on 5 image sets and compared them with those of 3 interpolation reconstruction methods. The experiments showed that the performance of 3D POCS algorithm was better than that of 3 interpolation reconstruction methods in two aspects, i.e., subjective and objective aspects, and mixed display mode is suitable to the 3D visualization of high resolution of pulmonary nodules.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Lung ; pathology ; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules ; diagnosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The actin depolymerizing factor/cofilin (ADF/cofilins) are a family of actin-binding proteins expressed in all eukaryotic cells. The ADF/cofilins appear to have multiple functions, and this is reflected in their very complex association with both monomeric and filamentous actin. Phosphorylation by some kinases and other factors such as LIM kinases 1 and 2, TESK 1 and TESK 2 kinase, Insulin, etc, prevents ADF/cofllins from binding actin. The serial researchs of ADF/cofilins are increasingly becoming study hot spots, especially on the relationship between homo-sapiens disease and mechanism of action of ADF/cofilins.Now in this domain wilderness details are still far from clear, such as the mechanism by which actin filaments are depolymerized by ADF/cofilins has been controversial.

Objective To compare the incidence of pancreatic fistula after hand and stapler suture in preventing pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy.Methods The literatures published before December 2011 were retrieved from SinoMed and electronic database.Prospective controlled trials and retrospective reports were screened out for Meta analysis.The diagnostic criteria of pancreatic fistula were based on the criteria formulated by the International Study group of Pancreatic Fistula.The heterogeneity of the studies was analyzed using the Ⅰ2 test.The data were integrated using the fixed or random effect model.The results of the Meta analysis were presented with odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence interval (95％ CI).Results According to the selection criteria,lO literatures were selected which included 1 prospective randomized controlled study,3 prospective nonrandomized controlled studies and 6 retrospective studies.There were 1 441 cases in the hand suture group and 612 cases in the stapler suture group.There was no significant difference in the incidences of the pancreatic fistula between the hand suture group and the stapler suture group (OR =1.10,95％ CI:0.86-1.40,P ＞0.05).Six studies compared the incidences of severe pancreatic fistula (grade B or C) between the hand suture group and the stapler suture group.There were 1 182 cases in the hand suture group and 383 cases in the stapler suture group.There was no significant difference in the incidence of severe pancreatic fistula between the hand suture group and the stapler suture group (OR=1.33,95％CI:0.94-1.88,P＞0.05).Conclusion The efficacies of hand suture and stapler suture in preventing pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy are comparable.Stapler suture provides an another option in distal pancreatectomy.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expressions of tumour suppressor gene PTEN and oncogene C-myc in colorectal carcinoma.Methods The expressions of PTEN and C-myc protein in normal colorectal mucosa(n=8), adjacent non-cancerous tissues(n=10) and primary colorectal carcinoma tissues(n=60) were observed by S-P immunohistochemical assay.Results Of 60 colorectal carcinoma tissues,C-myc protein was detected in 46 cases.The expression rate of C-myc in the primary colorectal carcinoma tissues(76.70%) was significantly higher than that in the normal(0) and adjacent non-cancerous tissues(10%)(P0.05).The positive expression rate of PTEN protein in the primary colorectal carcinoma tissues(25.00%,15/60) was significantly lower than that in the normal(100%) and adjacent non-cancerous tissues(90%)(P

Objective To investigate effect of secretin-enhanced magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (S-MRCP) on visualization improvement of main and branch pancreatic duct and its diagnostic value of grading chronic pancreatitis (CP) .Methods The 3 .0 T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging data of 88 subjects (23 health volunteers and 65 CP patients) were prospectively analyzed .All the subjects received coronal T2-weighted sequences scan ,thick slab 2-dimensional MRCP sequences scan , routine pancreas plain scan and enhanced scan before and after 0 .1 mL/kg secretin intravenous injection . Sixty-five CP patients were grouped according to Cambridge classification and also according to normal and abnormal of duodenal filling (DF) .The images of main pancreatic duct (MPD) ,branch pancreatic duct (BPD) and DF were compared before and after secretin injection .The result was compared with that of endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography (ERCP) which was the gold standard .One-way analysis of variance test was performed for comparison between healthy control group and CP group .Chi-square test was used for comparison between normal DF group and abnormal DF group .The consistence between the diagnostic results of MRCP ,S-MRCP and the results of ERCP were analyzed by Kappa test .Results Compare with MRCP ,after secretin injection the indexes of MPD ,the sensitivity ,specificity ,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of BPD were all improved ,and the rates of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis all decreased .Using ERCP as gold standard of CP grade diagnosis ,the consistence of S-MRCP in CP grade diagnosis increased more significantly (Kappa=0 .77 ,P=0 .000 1) compared with that of MRCP (Kappa=0 .55 ,P=0 .000 1) .Among 43 normal DF cases ,the number of MPD dilatation , filling defect and branch duct in pancreatic head was 28 ,23 and 30 ,respectively ;among 22 abnormal DF cases which was 20 ,19 and 21 ,respectively ,and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=5 .01 , 3 .91 ,6 .88 and 4 .26 ,all P<0 .05) .Taking 4 min as the cutoff value of peak time ,the sensitivity and specificity of which in CP diagnosis were 86 .0% and 100 .0% , respectively . Conclusion S-MRCP improves the visualization of MPD and BPD ,and also increases the accuracy of CP grade diagnosis .

ObjectiveTo discuss the prevention and treatment of the perioperative complications in endovascular treatment for arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) of lower extremities.MethodsEndovascular treatment was performed for 210 patients (248 limbs) with ASO of lower extremities,including 28 iliac lesions,76 femoral-popliteal lesions,56 inferior genicular lesions and 88 multiple segment lesions.The clinical data and complications were reviewed and analyzed.Results The technical success was achieved in 92.74％ (230/248).Perioperative complications occurred in 21 patients (21/210,10.00 ％),including hematoma (n= 6),pseudoaneurysm (n= 1),heart failure (n= 2),constrast-induced nephropathy (n = 1),artery perforation (n= 3),artery section (n = 3) and restenosis (n= 5).All the complications were relieved after corresponding treatment.ConclusionEndovascular treatment is a safe and effective method for ASO of lower extremities because of its high success rate and few complications.Effective control of systemic diseases,careful operation and regular treatment after operation are all the effective measures to prevent and reduce the occurrenceof complications.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy of shensong yangxin capsule (SYC) on ventricular premature beat (VPB) differentiated in TCM as palpitation of Qi-yin deficiency syndrome or Xin collateral stagnation syndrome, and cardiovascular autonomic nervous function in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

METHODSThe randomized, double-blind, parallel contrast method was adopted, patients were randomly assigned by 3:1 ratio into two groups. One hundred and sixty-five patients in SYC treated group and 56 in the control group (treated with Xinlvning tablet), and the therapeutic course for both groups was 4 weeks.

RESULTSThe clinical efficacy on VPB and in improving TCM syndromes was better in SYC group than that in the control group (P < 0.01). After treatment, the heart rate variability (HRV) and QT dispersion in the two groups were improved in a certain degree. The changes of SDNN, SDANN, SDNN Index and PNN50 in the two groups were significantly different (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), the efficacy in the treated group was superior to that in the control group.

CONCLUSIONSYC has definite effect on VPB and TCM Syndromes, it can obviously meliorate the activity of cardiovascular autonomic nervous system in the patients with CHD.

Adult ; Aged ; Autonomic Nervous System ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Capsules ; Coronary Disease ; complications ; drug therapy ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart ; innervation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Ventricular Premature Complexes ; drug therapy ; etiology

Objective To evaluated the effectiveness and safety ofLianhua Jizhi Tablets for acute trachitis and bronchitis with syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing.Methods A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled and multi-center clinical trial design was selected. Totally 240 cases were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 120 cases in each group, of which 237 cases were included in the analysis of FAS. Experimental group was givenLianhua Jizhi Tablets, while control group was given placebo, 12 tablets/day, 7 days for a course. Curative effect of acute trachitis and bronchitis, TCM syndrome and disappearance of cough, cough and sputum symptom scores and area under the curve (AUC) were observed. The safety was evaluated. Results The cure rates of disease in experimental group and control group were 66.67% (78/117) and 29.17% (35/120), respectively;cure rates of TCM syndrome in experimental group and the control group were 68.38% (80/117) and 27.50% (33/120), respectively;there was statistically significant difference in area under the curve of cough and sputum symptom score between the two groups (P<0.01). Disappearance rates (cure) of daytime cough in experimental group and control group were 52.99% (62/117) and 13.33% (16/120), respectively;disappearance rates (cure) of nocturnal cough in experimental group and control group were 76.52% (88/115) and 31.90% (37/116), respectively;there were no side effects in experimental group.ConclusionLianhua Jizhi Tablets can significantly relieve clinic symptoms in the treatment of acute trachitis and bronchitis, and have good clinical efficacy and safety.

Objective To determine the occurrence and clinical characteristics of ectopic pituitary adenoma (EPA) in China.Methods The study are done by searching systematically and comprehensively on major Chinese and English medical literature databases and conference papers before 2015,which are only limited to collected,summarized,sorted and analyzed EPA cases that reported by Chinese authors in English or Chinese occurred in China.Results ① Among the 86 Chinese articles and 27 English articles related to ectopic pituitary adenoma (EPA) gathered by the author,except for cases that have been confirmed as repeated reports,a total of 73 EPA cases were found.Of 70 cases with complete data,31 were male cases,accounting for 44.29％;39 were female cases,accounting for 55.71％;the ratio is 1:1.3.The frequency of EPA occurrence according to the location of the lesion,from high to low in turn,was sphenoid sinus (31 cases,42.47％),nasopharynx (7 cases,9.59％),suprasellar region (7 cases,9.59％),clivus (5 cases,6.85％),followed by the third ventricle,sphenoid sinus/clivus,nasal cavity,and the temporal lobe of the brain,with the same incidence of 4.11％.According to the functional properties of EPA,the frequency of different secreting hormones adenoma was PRL-ma(21 cases,28.77％),NF-ma (21 cases,28.77％),ACTH-ma (15 cases,20.55％),GH-ma (10 cases,13.70％),TSH-ma (2 cases,2.74％) and FSH-ma (1 cases.1.37％).Three cases of EPA were uncertain in their property due to lack of information.The incidence of PRL and nonfunctional tumors was the highest,which was different from what was reported in other countries.Among them,one case of EPA was in pineal region and one in parapharyngeal space,which was even more rare and were never reported abroad.(② Except for 3 cases with incomplete medical records,15 out of 70 cases of EPA were accompanied by empty sella,accounting for 21.43％,among which 11 (73.33％) cases involved the sphenoid sinus,and 3 (20％) cases involved clivus.The sphenoid sinus and clivus cases together accounted for 93.33％.(③ 29 out of the 69 cases of EPA with complete record were invasive pituitary adenomas,accounting for 42.03％ and including 1 case of pituitary adenocarcinoma,which accounted for 1.45％.(④ All cases were treated with surgery as the first choice,and some of them were treated with radiotherapy or drug therapy.Conc lusion Ectopic pituitary adenoma is extremely rare.By the end of 2015,the total number of cases reported in China is only 73,which are mostly located in the sphenoid sinus,suprasellar region and nasopharynx.In the functional classification,the most common types are still PRL adenoma and nonfunctional adenoma as in situ pituitary adenoma.42.03％ of EPA adenomas are invasive.Surgical resection of EPA is the first choice and some cases can be treated with radiotherapy and drug therapy.

As one of the main forms of the medical alliance, the specialty alliance functions as a service carrier for hierarchical medical service and resources integration in the region. The authors introduced the exploration and practice of the West China Women′s and Children′s Alliance, the first pediatric specialty alliance in Sichuan, established by the West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University. Based on family doctor contracted services, the West China Women′s and Children′s Alliance took such measures as differentiated functional positioning, assessment of certified physicians, continuous online quality control, construction of referral platforms, and innovative payment mechanisms. Such efforts effectively integrated the three stages of pre-hospital " preventive care" , in-hospital " disease diagnosis and treatment" , and post-hospital " follow-up management" , exploring the homogenization of medical services within the alliance, and forming a pediatric closed-loop health management system, hence improving the primary medical services.