It is discussed in the paper that some basic concepts,property, tasks and disciplinary area about the modern chrono- rehabilitation(MCR). And then, it is especially expounded that the concept, classification, chronobiological basis, as well as the clinic application's foreground and principles of the chrono- physical therapy(CPT) and the study provided a theory reference for shifting the CPT theory into clinic rehabilitation practice and establishing a disciplinary system of MCR.

The under-water exercise is a specific sports.Because of the different of pressure,buoyancy,resistance and heat conductivity between water and land,The effect of under-water exercise on body's physiological function was different from the land.It has been evaluate in this paper that the characteristic of physiological function and regularity of energy metabolism in the under-water exercise

Objective To investigate the relation between polymorphisms of pulmonary surfactant protein A gene and adaptation to hypobaric hypoxia. Methods The genotype proportions and allel frequencies of 86 Tibetan mountaineers and 90 sea-level Hans were examined with polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer(SSP-PCR) reaction for surfactant protein A gene. Results The constituent ratio of A/A,A/G and G/G genotypes in A1-aa62 locus and C/C,A/C and A/A genotypes in A2-aa223 locus showed significant statistic difference between highland group and the sea-level control group(P＜0.05). A1-aa62 G/G and A2-aa223 A/C genotype demonstrated high odds ratio in Tibetan mountaineers. Moreover, the comparisons of genotypes and alleles in A1-219 locus showed no significant difference between the plateau group and the sea-level Han control(P＞0.05). Conclusion The single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SPN) in SP-A1aa62 and SP-A2aa223 may be associated with the adaptation to hypobaric hypoxia.

The genetic adaptation of Plateau residents to hypoxia of low-pressure has been the hot spot for study. In terms of physiology, the adaptation involves the regulation responses of blood vessels, the changes in blood cells, antioxidant capacity and energy metabolism, as well as the hypoxia-induced changes in nuclear transcription. Physiological adaptation is heritable, so people who have already adapted themselves to high altitude are bound to be different, in regard to gene level, from the crowd who have not yet adapted themselves to high altitude environment. For this reason, researchers have studied a great deal of gene related-enzymes, the receptors, polypeptide, as well as transcription factors in body, and they found a number of the DNA polymorphism sites in the people who have adapted themsevles to high altitude being different from those in the people who do not get acclimatized. In this paper is reviewed the newest advance in research of these gene polymorphisms. The data could serve as references for further study of hypoxia genetic adaptation to high altitude.
Acclimatization ; genetics ; Adaptation, Physiological ; genetics ; Altitude ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics

Progressive dementia is described as the first and most prominent symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and hyperphosphorylation of microtubule associated Tau protein (MAPT) plays a key role in neurodegeneration and neuronal dysfunction in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. This paper reviews several protein kinases and phosphatases which can phosphorylate/dephosphorylate Tau protein, and evaluates a therapeutic strategy based on targeted inhibition of Tau kinases and activation of Tau phosphatases.
Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; tau Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; physiology

To explore the change of numerical working memory ability in healthy young adults, continuous mental arithmetic task were performed for 3 hours and a numerical working memory paradigm was determined at 5 min intervals according to different COMT genotypes of young adults. Twenty subjects of different genotypes were chosen from 115 healthy young adults, P3 event-related potentials was utilized to observe the relationship between this COMT polymorphism and cortical physiology in a continuous working memory task. The results demonstrate that subjects bearing the Val/Val homozygote have significantly higher mean P3 amplitudes than Val/Met heterozygote (P<0.01), however, insignificant differences in comparison to Met/Met homozygote. Mean P3 amplitudes tended to sharply increase among different genotype subjects are observe in different Blocks. We suggest that numerical working memory ability was associated with P3 amplitude evoked from centro-parietal area of brain, which indicate the degree of influence of task on different subjects.
Brain ; physiology ; Catechol O-Methyltransferase ; genetics ; physiology ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Mathematics ; Memory ; physiology ; Parietal Lobe ; physiology ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Young Adult

This study was conducted to research the association between the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) gene and human speed endurance. Fourty subjects of Han nationality, healthy, with similar sports history were included. The I/D polymorphism of ACE gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The score of 800m run and the concentrations of the whole blood lactic acid were mensurated. Cluster analysis of the grade was made according to the result of cluster analysis. The subjects were divided into two groups: high speed endurance group and low speed endurance group. We found that both the distributions of the ACE genotypes and the distributions of the ACE alleles there were no significant difference between high speed endurance group and low speed endurance group (P > 0.05); Whether at rest state, or after 800m run or the difference value between rest and after 800m run,the concentrations of the whole blood lactic acid did not exist significant difference among three kinds of genotypes groups (P > 0.05). There was on association with I/D polymorphism of ACE gene and human speed endurance.
Adult ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cluster Analysis ; Exercise Tolerance ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; blood ; Male ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic

Using computer technique, artificial neural network and fuzzy control theory, we have explored a real-time control method for the athlete's physical workload intensity in order that the goal of physical training can be reached effectively in accordance to the exercise plan. The technique could be useful for improving the efficiency of scientific physical training.
Algorithms ; Exercise Tolerance ; Fuzzy Logic ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; methods ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Sports ; physiology

In this study the blood sample was collected from eighty-six athletes in Tibetan mountaining team and Tibetan mountaining sports school and ninety healthy Han nationality people in Guangdong province, and genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocyte. The allele frequency distribution and the genotypes combination distribution of hypoxia-inducible factor-la gene (HIF-1alpha)exonl2 C1772T and G1790A were examined by restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR (PCR-RFLP) in order to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of HIF-1alpha C1772T and G1790A with hypoxic acclimation in high altitude in Tibetans. The results indicated that the genotype frequency of HIF-1alpha C1772T in Tibetan and in Han nationality was 13.95% versus 16.67% in genotype CC, 38.37% versus 41.11% in genotype CT and 47.68% versus 42.22% in genotype TT. No significant difference in CC, CT and TT genotype frequency of HIF-1alphaC1772T was shown between Tibetans and Han nationality respectively, while GA genotype frequency of HIF-la G1790A in Tibetans was higher than that in Han nationality. The GA genotype of HIF-1alpha G1790A may be involved in the hypoxic acclimation of high altitude , and it is worth of deep-going investigation.
Adaptation, Physiological ; genetics ; physiology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Altitude ; Base Sequence ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; genetics ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; genetics ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Tibet ; Young Adult

This investigation was conducted to explore the relationship between the polymorphism of gene of glucose transport 1(GLUT1) and the human body adaptation to high altitude hypoxia environment. The data on glucose transport 1 gene polymorphism in Tibetan mountaineers (high altitude group) were analyzed and compared with the data from the level-land Guangdong Hans (control group). The genotype of 86 Tibetan mountaineers and 90 level-land Hans as controls were tested with polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for GLUT1 gene. The results showed that, in the high altitude mountaineer group, the frequencies of +22999 locus genotypes GG, GT and TT were 44.2%, 46.5% and 9.3% respectively, and such frequencies in the control group were 66.7%, 31.1% and 2.2% respectively. The frequencies of + 22999 polymorphic genotypes and alleles showed statistically significant difference between the high altitude group and the control group (P<0.05). Genetic single nucleotide polymorphism in GLUT1 G+22999T may be associated with the adaptation to high altitude hypoxia.
Adaptation, Physiological ; genetics ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Alleles ; Altitude ; Base Sequence ; Female ; Genotype ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; genetics ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Tibet ; Young Adult