Objective To study the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on emergence agitation in children undergoing cochlear implantation.Methods Sixty patients (age range,1-4 years) scheduled to undergo pediatric cochlear implantation were enrolled and randomized into the TEAS group (group T,n =30) that received continuous TEAS and the control group (group C,n =30) that did not receive TEAS.Anesthesia time,operation time,change in blood flow dynamics during the perioperative period,extubation time,and PACU stay time were recorded.The incidence of emergence agitation and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was monitored.Results No significant intergroup differences were observed in age,sex,weight,operation time,and PACU stay time (P ＞ 0.05).The MAP and HR in group T were lower than those in group C at different time points such as 30 min after the start of surgery,the end of the surgery,the extubation and 5 min after extubation,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The FPS-R,FLACC,and PAED scores in group T were lower than those in group C at different time points within 30 min after exmbation (including the time of extubation),and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Extubation time,anesthesia time,and incidence of PONV were lower in group T than in group C,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion TEAS combined with general anesthesia significantly reduces the incidence of emergence agitation in children undergoing surgery for congenital hearing loss;it also helps control hypotension,reheve dramatic hemodynamic changes during the waking period,and reduce the incidence of PONV.

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of lysophosphatidic acid ( LPA ) in stimulating invasion and metastatic colonization of ovarian cancer cells. Methods The metastatic ability in vivo of ovarian cancer SK?OV3, HEY, OVCAR3, and IGROV1 cells was determined in tumor?bearing nude mouse models. Matrigel assay was used to detect the changes of response in vitro of ovarian cancer cells to LPA after Rac( -) or Rac( +) adenovirus treatment. LPA?induced Rho GTPase activation was detected by GST?fusion protein binding assay. Results The peritoneal metastatic colonization assay showed overt metastatic colonization in mice receiving SK?OV3 and HEY cell inoculation, indicating that they are invasive cells. Metastatic colonization was not detected in animals receiving OVCAR3 and IGROV1 cells, indicating that these cells are non?invasive cells. In the matrigel invasion assay, exposure to LPA led to a notably greater migratory response in metastatic SK?OV3 and HEY cells (Optical density:SK?OV3 cells:0. 594 ± 0. 023 vs. 1. 697 ± 0. 049, P<0. 01; HEY cells:0. 804 ± 0. 070 vs. 1. 851 ± 0. 095, P<0. 01). But LPA did little in the non?metastatic OVCAR3 and IGROV1 cells (Optical density A:OVCAR3 cells:0. 336 ± 0. 017 vs. 0. 374 ± 0. 007, P >0. 05;IGROV1 cells: 0. 491 ± 0. 036 vs. 0. 479 ± 0. 061, P >0. 05). LPA migratory responses of ovarian cancer cells were closely related to their metastatic colonization capabilities (r=0.983, P<0.05). Rac( -) blocked the LPA response of invasive SK?OV3 and HEY cells (LPA?induced fold increase of cell migration:SK?OV3 cells:2. 988 ± 0. 095 vs. 0. 997 ± 0. 100,P=0. 01; HEY cells:2. 404 ± 0. 059 vs. 0. 901 ± 0. 072, P=0. 01). But Rac( +) confered the non?invasive cells with LPA response and invasion capability ( LPA?induced fold increase of cell migration: OVCAR3 cells:1. 072 ± 0. 080 vs. 1. 898 ± 0. 078,P <0. 01; IGROV1 cells: 1. 002 ± 0. 044 vs. 2. 141 ± 0. 057, P <0. 05). Among Rho GTPases, only Rac activation was different between ovarian cancer cell lines with different metastatic capability after LPA stimulation: Cdc42 could not be activated in both the invasive and non?invasive cell lines. RhoA could be activated in both the invasive and non?invasive cell lines. Rac could be activated by LPA in the invasive ovarian cancer cell lines. However, Rac could not be activated in the non?invasive cell lines. Conclusion Lysophosphatidic acid stimulates invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells through Rac activation.

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of lysophosphatidic acid ( LPA ) in stimulating invasion and metastatic colonization of ovarian cancer cells. Methods The metastatic ability in vivo of ovarian cancer SK?OV3, HEY, OVCAR3, and IGROV1 cells was determined in tumor?bearing nude mouse models. Matrigel assay was used to detect the changes of response in vitro of ovarian cancer cells to LPA after Rac( -) or Rac( +) adenovirus treatment. LPA?induced Rho GTPase activation was detected by GST?fusion protein binding assay. Results The peritoneal metastatic colonization assay showed overt metastatic colonization in mice receiving SK?OV3 and HEY cell inoculation, indicating that they are invasive cells. Metastatic colonization was not detected in animals receiving OVCAR3 and IGROV1 cells, indicating that these cells are non?invasive cells. In the matrigel invasion assay, exposure to LPA led to a notably greater migratory response in metastatic SK?OV3 and HEY cells (Optical density:SK?OV3 cells:0. 594 ± 0. 023 vs. 1. 697 ± 0. 049, P<0. 01; HEY cells:0. 804 ± 0. 070 vs. 1. 851 ± 0. 095, P<0. 01). But LPA did little in the non?metastatic OVCAR3 and IGROV1 cells (Optical density A:OVCAR3 cells:0. 336 ± 0. 017 vs. 0. 374 ± 0. 007, P >0. 05;IGROV1 cells: 0. 491 ± 0. 036 vs. 0. 479 ± 0. 061, P >0. 05). LPA migratory responses of ovarian cancer cells were closely related to their metastatic colonization capabilities (r=0.983, P<0.05). Rac( -) blocked the LPA response of invasive SK?OV3 and HEY cells (LPA?induced fold increase of cell migration:SK?OV3 cells:2. 988 ± 0. 095 vs. 0. 997 ± 0. 100,P=0. 01; HEY cells:2. 404 ± 0. 059 vs. 0. 901 ± 0. 072, P=0. 01). But Rac( +) confered the non?invasive cells with LPA response and invasion capability ( LPA?induced fold increase of cell migration: OVCAR3 cells:1. 072 ± 0. 080 vs. 1. 898 ± 0. 078,P <0. 01; IGROV1 cells: 1. 002 ± 0. 044 vs. 2. 141 ± 0. 057, P <0. 05). Among Rho GTPases, only Rac activation was different between ovarian cancer cell lines with different metastatic capability after LPA stimulation: Cdc42 could not be activated in both the invasive and non?invasive cell lines. RhoA could be activated in both the invasive and non?invasive cell lines. Rac could be activated by LPA in the invasive ovarian cancer cell lines. However, Rac could not be activated in the non?invasive cell lines. Conclusion Lysophosphatidic acid stimulates invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells through Rac activation.

Objective To study the role of p16 gene mutation status as detected by fluorescence in-situ hybridization ( FISH) and p16 protein expression as detected by immunohistochemistry in differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma and benign mesothelial hyperplasia.Methods p16 gene mutation status and protein expression were detected by FISH and immunohistochemistry respectively in 55 cases of pleural malignant mesothelioma and 30 cases of benign mesothelial hyperplasia.Results FISH study showed that the rate of p16 deletion in malignant mesothelioma ( 81.8%,45/55 ) was higher than that in benign mesothelial hyperplasia ( 3.3%, 1/30 ) .The difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05 ) . Immunohistochemical study showed that the rate of p16 protein expression in malignant mesothelioma (23.6%) was lower than that in benign mesothelial hyperplasia ( 76.7%).The difference was also statistically significant.The sensitivity and specificity of FISH in distinguishing between mesothelioma and reactive mesothelial hyperplasia were higher than those of immunohistochemistry.Conclusions In contrast to reactive mesothelial hyperplasia, p16 gene is deleted and p16 protein is not expressed in malignant mesothelioma.The sensitivity and specificity of FISH are higher than those of immunohistochemistry in the distinction.

Objective To establish a set of regional evaluation index system for clinical medicine disciplines,and to provide a reference tool for evaluating the effectiveness of its construction.Methods Based on relevant policies and literature research,Delphi expert consultation method and analytic hierarchy process were used to determine the index system and assign corresponding weights.The index system was used to conduct field analysis of 10 clinical disciplines in a district of Shenzhen,and the total score of each discipline was calculated by weighted summing method and spearman correlation analysis was used to verify the validity of the evaluation results.Results A set of evaluation index system including 5 first-level indicators,16 second-level indicators and 54 third-level indicators was formed and the weights of all levels of indicators were quantified,which could truly reflect the level of regional clinical discipline construction.Conclusion The established subject evaluation index system has high initiative,authority and coordination of expert consultation.The results of empirical evaluation have a certain degree of differentiation,and are highly correlated with the ranking results of experts,and have strong feasibility.

Objective To establish a set of regional evaluation index system for clinical medicine disciplines,and to provide a reference tool for evaluating the effectiveness of its construction.Methods Based on relevant policies and literature research,Delphi expert consultation method and analytic hierarchy process were used to determine the index system and assign corresponding weights.The index system was used to conduct field analysis of 10 clinical disciplines in a district of Shenzhen,and the total score of each discipline was calculated by weighted summing method and spearman correlation analysis was used to verify the validity of the evaluation results.Results A set of evaluation index system including 5 first-level indicators,16 second-level indicators and 54 third-level indicators was formed and the weights of all levels of indicators were quantified,which could truly reflect the level of regional clinical discipline construction.Conclusion The established subject evaluation index system has high initiative,authority and coordination of expert consultation.The results of empirical evaluation have a certain degree of differentiation,and are highly correlated with the ranking results of experts,and have strong feasibility.

Objective To establish a set of regional evaluation index system for clinical medicine disciplines,and to provide a reference tool for evaluating the effectiveness of its construction.Methods Based on relevant policies and literature research,Delphi expert consultation method and analytic hierarchy process were used to determine the index system and assign corresponding weights.The index system was used to conduct field analysis of 10 clinical disciplines in a district of Shenzhen,and the total score of each discipline was calculated by weighted summing method and spearman correlation analysis was used to verify the validity of the evaluation results.Results A set of evaluation index system including 5 first-level indicators,16 second-level indicators and 54 third-level indicators was formed and the weights of all levels of indicators were quantified,which could truly reflect the level of regional clinical discipline construction.Conclusion The established subject evaluation index system has high initiative,authority and coordination of expert consultation.The results of empirical evaluation have a certain degree of differentiation,and are highly correlated with the ranking results of experts,and have strong feasibility.

Objective To establish a set of regional evaluation index system for clinical medicine disciplines,and to provide a reference tool for evaluating the effectiveness of its construction.Methods Based on relevant policies and literature research,Delphi expert consultation method and analytic hierarchy process were used to determine the index system and assign corresponding weights.The index system was used to conduct field analysis of 10 clinical disciplines in a district of Shenzhen,and the total score of each discipline was calculated by weighted summing method and spearman correlation analysis was used to verify the validity of the evaluation results.Results A set of evaluation index system including 5 first-level indicators,16 second-level indicators and 54 third-level indicators was formed and the weights of all levels of indicators were quantified,which could truly reflect the level of regional clinical discipline construction.Conclusion The established subject evaluation index system has high initiative,authority and coordination of expert consultation.The results of empirical evaluation have a certain degree of differentiation,and are highly correlated with the ranking results of experts,and have strong feasibility.

Objective To establish a set of regional evaluation index system for clinical medicine disciplines,and to provide a reference tool for evaluating the effectiveness of its construction.Methods Based on relevant policies and literature research,Delphi expert consultation method and analytic hierarchy process were used to determine the index system and assign corresponding weights.The index system was used to conduct field analysis of 10 clinical disciplines in a district of Shenzhen,and the total score of each discipline was calculated by weighted summing method and spearman correlation analysis was used to verify the validity of the evaluation results.Results A set of evaluation index system including 5 first-level indicators,16 second-level indicators and 54 third-level indicators was formed and the weights of all levels of indicators were quantified,which could truly reflect the level of regional clinical discipline construction.Conclusion The established subject evaluation index system has high initiative,authority and coordination of expert consultation.The results of empirical evaluation have a certain degree of differentiation,and are highly correlated with the ranking results of experts,and have strong feasibility.

Objective To establish a set of regional evaluation index system for clinical medicine disciplines,and to provide a reference tool for evaluating the effectiveness of its construction.Methods Based on relevant policies and literature research,Delphi expert consultation method and analytic hierarchy process were used to determine the index system and assign corresponding weights.The index system was used to conduct field analysis of 10 clinical disciplines in a district of Shenzhen,and the total score of each discipline was calculated by weighted summing method and spearman correlation analysis was used to verify the validity of the evaluation results.Results A set of evaluation index system including 5 first-level indicators,16 second-level indicators and 54 third-level indicators was formed and the weights of all levels of indicators were quantified,which could truly reflect the level of regional clinical discipline construction.Conclusion The established subject evaluation index system has high initiative,authority and coordination of expert consultation.The results of empirical evaluation have a certain degree of differentiation,and are highly correlated with the ranking results of experts,and have strong feasibility.