t=2.331,P=0.022) T cell levels and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (1.1 ± 0.2vs. 0.9 ± 0.2;t=4.488,P<0.001) showed significant difference between post-treatment and pretreatment. CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T cell levels and CD4+/CD8+ ratio after treatment showed significant different between the two groups (t values were 3.920, 11.966, 5.573, 10.700,P<0.01). After the treatment, the cure rate in treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (80%vs. 56%;χ2=5.561,P=0.018). The rates of sputum conversion from positive to negative (72.0%vs. 50.0%;χ2=5.086,P=0.024)and cavity closure (36.0%vs. 16.0%;χ2=5.198,P=0.023) 6 months after treatment in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group.ConclusionFeitai capsule combined with mycobacterium vaccae can significantly improve the immune function in elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective To assess the efficacy of combination of Jiehe pellet and the standardized anti-tuberculosis therapeutic regimen for pulmonary tuberculosis complicating cervical lymph node tuberculosis in the aged. Methods A total of 103 aged patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicating cervical lymph node tuberculosis were enrolled and randomly allocated to either a standardized anti-tuberculosis therapeutic regimen group (control group with 51 patients) or a standardized anti-tuberculosis therapeutic regimen plus Jiehe pellet group (treatment group with 52 patients). The patients in the control group and the treatment group received the treatment with 2HRZE/4HR and 2HRZE/4HR plus Jiehe pellet for 6 months, respectively. The abscessed lymph nodes were treated by either total excision or incision and drainage after 4 weeks of medicine treatment in both groups. Sputum smear was examined for acid-fast bacilli. The CD8 cells expressing natural killer T cells receptors NKG2A, NKG2D in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. The treatment outcome was measured at the end of treatment. Results The rates of lesion resolution (78.85%vs. 58.82%;χ2=4.439, P<0.05) and cavity closure (62.86% vs. 35.48%;χ2=3.893, P<0.05) in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group. In the end of 2, 4 and 6 months of treatment, cumulative rates of sputum conversion from positive to negative in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (χ2 were 5.343, 5.067 and 4.118,all P<0.05). The CD8 cells expressing NKG2A after treatment in the treatment group were significantly lower than those before treatment in the treatment group (t=9.510, P<0.01) and after treatment in the control group (t=9.832, P<0.01);the CD8 cells expressing NKG2D after treatment in the treatment group were significantly higher than those before treatment in the treatment group (t=10.622, P<0.01) and after treatment in the control group (t=10.433, P<0.01). The serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-αafter treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment in both groups (t were 17.344 and 21.142 in the treatment group, 10.984 and 12.203 in the control group;all P<0.01 );the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α after treatment in the treatment group were significantly lower than those after treatment in the control group (t were 7.832 and 5.478,all P<0.01). The serum IL-10 levels after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment in both groups (t were 12.454 in the treatment group, 7.934 in the control group; all P<0.01 ); and the serum IL-10 level after treatment in the treatment group was significantly higher than that after treatment in the control group (t=4.720, P<0.01). The effective rate for cervical lymph node tuberculosis in the treatment was significantly higher than that in the control group (88.5%vs. 64.7%;χ2=6.855, P<0.01). Conclusion Combination of Jiehe pellet and the standardized anti-tuberculosis therapeutic regimen may improve immune function, increase the rate of sputum conversion from positive to negative, and facilitate lesion resolution in aged patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicating cervical lymph node tuberculosis.

Objective:To analyze the application value of negative pressure closed drainage in tuberculous surgery infected wounds and its effect on wound healing and Th1/Th2 expression.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 120 patients with tuberculous surgery infected wounds admitted to Hebei Provincial Chest Hospital from January 2019 to June 2021. The patients were divided into observation group and control group according to the random envelope method, with 60 cases in each group. The control group received conventional suture drainage tube intervention, while the observation group received negative pressure closed drainage intervention. The survival rate of skin grafting at 2 weeks after operation, the wound healing rate at 8 weeks after operation, and the pain situation during the first 3 dressing changes were observed. The levels of interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-6, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), Th1 and Th2 in serum were detected before treatment and 14 days after treatment.Results:The survival rate of skin grafting at 2 weeks and the wound healing rate at 8 weeks in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group during the second and third dressing changes (all P<0.05). At 14 days after treatment, the serum levels of Th1 and Th2 in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, IL-6, ALP, P, Ca, Th1/Th2 in serum were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Using negative pressure closed drainage technology can effectively promote wound healing in patients with tuberculous surgery infected wounds and improve the balance of Th1/Th2 in blood.