1.Coronary artery lumen diameter and bifurcation angle derived from CT coronary angiographic image in healthy people.
Li-ren ZHANG ; Dong-sheng XU ; Xiao-cheng LIU ; Xue-sheng WU ; Yuan-ning YING ; Zhi DONG ; Feng-wei SUN ; Pi-pi YANG ; Xu LI
Chinese Journal of Cardiology 2011;39(12):1117-1123
OBJECTIVETo observe the coronary vessel lumen diameter and bifurcation angle in subjects with normal CT coronary angiography (CTCA) imaging.
METHODS64-row CT coronary angiography imaging from 526 adult people with excellent image quality and normal vascular image were analyzed in this study. The lumen diameter from the origin to distal with 2 mm lumen of left main coronary artery (LM), anterior descending branch (LAD), left circumflex branch (LCX) and right coronary artery (RCA) was measured at 1 cm interval in CPR image. The vascular tapered ratio was calculated. The bifurcation angle in the diagonal branch, obtuse marginal branch, posterior descending branch, acute marginal branch as well as the origin diameter was also measured in VR image.
RESULTSThe LAD average length was 13 cm and lumen diameter was 3.92 mm at origin and 2.10 mm at distal. The average decremented ratio of LAD was 7.7% (male 7.0%, female 8.4%). The maximal decremented ratio 8.0% - 10.0% occurred at 3 - 5 cm apart from the origin of LAD. The LCX average length was 13 cm and lumen diameter was 3.57 mm at origin and 2.10 mm at distal. The average decremented ratio of LCX was 9.7% (male 9.6%, female 9.7%). Lumen decremented ratio was less than 3.0% between origin and proximal 3 cm and 8.3% - 10.7% in the rest portion of the LCX. The RCA average length was 18 cm and lumen diameter was 3.97 mm at origin and 2.15 mm at distal. The average decremented ratio of RCA was 5.1% (male 4.9%, female 5.3%). The decremented ratio of RCR was less than 4.0% between origin and proximal 10 cm and 6.1% - 15.2% in the rest portion. The bifurcation angle was 50, 55, 66 and 76 degree for LAD with diagonal branch, LCX with obtuse marginal branch, RCA with posterior descending branch and RCA with obtuse marginal branch respectively.
CONCLUSIONCoronary artery length, lumen diameter and decremented ratio as well as bifurcation angel could be identified in 64 row CTCA image in vivo. This information could help us to understand the in vivo coronary artery anatomy.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Stenosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Vessels ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, Spiral Computed
2.Based on the interaction between supramolecules of traditional Chinese medicine and enterobacteria to explore the material basis of combination of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma - Coptidis Rhizoma
Xiao-yu LIN ; Ji-hui LU ; Yao-zhi ZHANG ; Wen-min PI ; Zhi-jia WANG ; Lin-ying WU ; Xue-mei HUANG ; Peng-long WANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2024;58(2):464-475
Based on the interaction between supramolecule of traditional Chinese medicine and enterobacteria, the material basis of
3.Precise dosage of commercial warfarin sodium tablets and hydrochlorothiazide tablets by 3D printing
Wei LIN ; Xue-ying PI ; Jie-qiong LÜ ; Jia-qi HUANG ; Li-ying FENG ; Shui-mei GUO ; Yan-zhong CHEN ; Zhu-fen LÜ ; Fan YANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2018;53(11):1901-1907
The aim of this study is to apply 3D printing technology to hospital drug dosing operations, and explore its feasibility and scalability. Drugs often dosed in hospitals are selected as models. The commercially available drug was ground into powder, diluted with medicinal excipients and then mixed with 75% ethanol and binder to prepare a paste for 3D printing. The dose and physicochemical properties of divided tablets were controlled by setting print parameters and printing models in computer software. Different 3D printers were employed to evaluate the impact of the device on the dosing tablet. Two drugs were dosed in this study to explore the scalability of 3D printing technology between different drugs. The drug content of the three divided dose tablets (warfarin sodium 1 mg, 2 mg, hydrochlorothiazide 5 mg) was 1.02±0.03, 1.96±0.01, 5.19±0.06 mg. The content uniformity was 1.0, 5.3, 2.6, respectively. The drug dissolution rate was (99.3±1.2)%, (101.5±0.3)%, (98.1±0.8)% in 45, 45 and 30 min. The mechanical properties of the three sub-doses and the stability within 30 days were in line with the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015) requirements. At the same time, it was found that the printing parameters and prescriptions can affect the properties of the divided dose tablets. By controlling the dilution ratio of commercial drug and printing parameters, the drug release rate can be customized to achieve individualized treatment. Both different modes of 3D printers can produce qualified sub-doses, and 3D print dispensing technology was also versatile between the two drugs. 3D printing can prepare small-volume, high-precision, high-repetition dosing tablets, with all properties in compliance with pharmacopoeia regulations. Thus, this method can be used as a new and scalable sub-dosing method.
4.Green Tea Polyphenols Attenuate High-Fat Diet-Induced Renal Oxidative Stress through SIRT3-Dependent Deacetylation.
Hui YANG ; Xue Zhi ZUO ; Chong TIAN ; Dong Liang HE ; Wei Jie YI ; Zhuo CHEN ; Pi Wei ZHANG ; Shi Bin DING ; Chen Jiang YING
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2015;28(6):455-459
Fifty male Wistar rats were fed a standard chow diet or a high-fat (HF) diet, and different concentrations of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) (0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 g/L) were administered in the drinking water. We found that the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the HF diet group was significantly higher than that in the control (CON) group (P<0.05). Decreased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expression, and increased manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) acetylation levels were also detected in the HF diet group (P<0.05). GTP treatment upregulated SIRT3 and PPARα expression, increased the pparα mRNA level, reduced the MnSOD acetylation level, and decreased MDA production in rats fed a HF diet (P<0.05). No significant differences in total renal MnSOD and PPAR-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1-α) expression were detected. The reduced oxidative stress detected in kidney tissues after GTP treatment was partly due to the higher SIRT3 expression, which was likely mediated by PPARα.
Acetylation
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drug effects
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Animals
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Antioxidants
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pharmacology
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Diet, High-Fat
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adverse effects
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Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
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drug effects
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Kidney
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drug effects
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metabolism
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Male
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Oxidative Stress
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drug effects
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Polyphenols
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pharmacology
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Rats
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Rats, Wistar
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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metabolism
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Sirtuin 3
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metabolism
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Tea
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chemistry