Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of 128-slice spiral CT angiography( MSCTA)for bypass grafts in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods One hundred and thirty-three bypass grafts (44 IMA grafts,89 saphenous veins grafts) of 46 patients after CABAG operation for 12 to 76 months were examined by MSCTA.Then the coronary angiography(CAG) was performed on those patients 3 - 10 days after MSCTA examination.The MSCTA results were compared with the angiography results.Results Among the 133 bypass grafts,MACTA examination showed that 17 grafts were occluded and 20 grafts were severe restenosis( restenosis degree ＞ 50％ ).There was also 17 occluded grafts showed in CAG examination as in MSCTA results.But 21 restenosis ( restenosis degree ＞ 50％ ) bypass grafts were identified by CAG.Compared with the CAG results,there was 1 false positive and 2 false negative in the MSCTA results.The overall sensitivity and specificity of MSCTA on evaluating the bypass grafts were 94.7％ and 98.9％.The positive predictive value and the negative predictive value were 97.3％ and 97.9％,respectively.Conclusion As a noninvasive examination,128-slice spiral CT could accurately identify and evaluate the bypass grafts lesions after CABG.

Objective To explore the strategy of repairing penile defect after necrosis caused by shortwave diathermy.Methods Between January 2004 and June 2012,18 cases with penile defect after necrosis caused by shortwave diathermy were admitted in our hospital.The age of those patients ranged from 18 to 55 years old (mean 34 years old).Among them,15 cases have been married.All patients have the history of penile shortwave diathermy therapy after surgery.After debridement,penile complete defect was found in 6 cases,incomplete defect was found in 10 cases and corpus cavernosum and corpus spongiosum partly defect was found in 2 cases.Under general anesthesia,we applied penis extent in 10 cases with incomplete defect,forearm free flap in 2 cases with penile complete defect,abdominal artery perforators flap in other 4 cases with penile complete defect.In 2 cases with corpus cavernosum and corpus spongiosum partly defect,the scrotal septal skin flap and fascia pedicle flap was used for 1-stage urethral reconstruction and costicartilage was implanted for 2-stage cavernosum reconstruction.Results 18 patients were followed up for 0.5-10.0 years (mean 2.3 years).16 cases with penile complete defect or incomplete defect had normal length after operation,ranged from 6.3 to 9.2cm.During erectile phase,the length of their penis ranged from 8.7 to 11.5 cm.No feeling abnormality or erectile dysfunction was complained.All patients exhibited the excellent morphology and felling of penis with minor scar in donor site.Early (half a month) complications included distant flap necrosis in 1 case and disruption of the wound in 1 case,which were cured after debridement and conventional treatment.After one year,we did not see the flap atrophy.One case had tumid which influenced penile beautiful and sexual intercourse.It was improved by local liposuction.One month after surgery,two patients with corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum partial defect had normal voiding.No feeling and erectile dysfunction were complained during the following-up.Conclusions According to the characteristics of the penile defect due to the shortwave diathermy,selecting the optimal skin flap and individual repair strategy are the keys to successful treatment.

Objective: The inhibition on the proliferation of colorectal carcinoma cell strain with different proliferative potential by ATRA was investigated in present study, which would benefit for the therapy of ATRA on colorectal carcinoma. Methods: The proliferation of LS174T and CW-2 colorectal carcinoma cell strain inhibited by ATRA was determined using cell observation, FACS and MTT methods. Results: The growth speed of LS174T cell strain was faster than that of CW-2. ATRA played a significant role on inhibiting the proliferation of LS174T and CW-2 cell strain and inducting the cell differetiation in vitro. Conclusions: ATRA could inhibit the growth of LS174T and CW-2 cell strain. ATRA could inhibit the proliferation of colorectal carcinoma cell and induce cell differentiation to some extent, which was correlated with the concentration of ATRA.

Objective To explore an algorithm to define the threshold value for tumor contouring on 18F-fluorodexyglucose (FDG) PET imaging. Methods A National Electrical Manufacturing Association (NEMA)NU 2 1994 PET phantom with 5 spheres of different diameters were filled with 18F-FDG. Seven different sphere-to-background ratios were obtained and the phantom was scanned by Discovery LS 4. For each sphere-to-background ratio, the maximum standardized uptake value ( SUVmax ) of each sphere, the SUV of the border of each sphere ( SUVborder ), the mean SUV of a 1 cm region of background (SUVbg) and the diameter (D) of each sphere were measured. SPSS 13.0 software was used for curve fitting and regression analysis to obtain the threshold algorithm. The calculated thresholds were applied to delineate 29 pathologically confirmed lung cancer lesions on PET images and the obtained volumes were compared with the volumes contoured on CT images in lung window. Results The algorithm for defining contour threshold is TH% = 33.1% + 46.8% SUVbg/SUVmax + 13.9%/D ( r = 0.994) by phantom studies. For 29 lung cancer lesions, the average gross tumor volumes ( GTV ) delineated on PET and CT are ( 7.36 ± 1.62 ) ml and (8.31 ±2.05) ml, respectively (t = -1.26, P＞0.05). Conclusion The proposed threshold algorithm for tumor contouring on PET image could provide comparable GTV with CT.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the application of shear wave elastography (SWE) combined with transition zone biopsy in the detection of prostate cancer (PCa).

METHODSA total of 489 patients with suspected PCa underwent transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and SWE-guided prostatic biopsy. We evaluated the role of SWE combined with transition zone biopsy in promoting the detection rate in comparison with the results of biopsy pathology.

RESULTSThe pathological results confirmed 221 malignant and 268 benign cases. Based on systematic biopsy, SWE combined with transition zone biopsy achieved a detection rate of 45. 19% , significantly higher than that of systematic biopsy alone (33.13%) (P < 0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of SWE were significantly better than those of TRUS (P < 0.05). The mean elasticity (Emean) of SWE was remarkably higher for malignant than for benign lesions ([40.1 ± 9.5] vs [21.6 ± 8.3] kPa, P < 0.05). With 28.5 kPa as the threshold of the Emean value, the area under the ROC curve was 0. 899, and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 88.71% and 86.23%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSWE combined with transition zone biopsy could significantly improve the detection rate of prostate cancer.

Elasticity Imaging Techniques ; methods ; Humans ; Image-Guided Biopsy ; methods ; Male ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To investigate the radiosensitivity effects of poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitor 3-amion benzamide (3-AB) on the BRCA non-mutant and BRCA mutant breast cancer cells,and to explore the regulatory mechanism of PARP-1 and BRCA in radiation-induced DNA damage repair.Methods MDA-MB-436 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells were divided into four groups respectively as the control (CTRL),ionizing radiation alone (IR),3-AB alone (3-AB),and ionizing radiation combined with 3-AB(IR + 3-AB)group.γ-H2AX foci were detected by immunofluorescence assay.The radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells was evaluated by clonogenic survival assay.The percentage of apoptotic cells was assessed by flow cytometry.Results Compared with MDA-MB-231 cells,MDA-MB-436 cells had a higher radiosensitivity and produced more γ-H2AX foci(t =4.57,P ＜ 0.05),which was further increased by 3-AB.The DNA damage of MDA-MB-436 cells in the IR + 3-AB group was the most remarkable (t =3.26,P ＜ 0.05).Flow cytometry showed that the cells in the IR + 3-AB group had the highest rate of apoptosis (t=3.81,P ＜ 0.05),and the apoptosis rate of MDA-MB-436 cells was significantly higher than MDA-MB-231 cells (t =2.96,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The radiosensetivity of BRCA mutant cells MDA-MB-436 is significantly higher than that of non-BRCA mutant cells MDA-MB-231.Inhibition of PARP-1 can further increase the apoptosis and radiosensitivity of BRCA-mutant cells by further blocking the repair of DNA single-strand break induced by ionizing radiation.

AIM:To study the effects of adiponectin on H 2 O2-induced cell injury and tau hyperphosphorylation in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.METHODS:Cell viability was determined by MTT assay .H2 O2-induced cell in-jury and morphological changes in the SH-SY5Y cells with or without adiponectin treatment were observed .The level of tau phosphorylation as well as the activities of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and of glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β) were examined by Western blotting . RESULTS: Adiponectin significantly attenuated H 2 O2-induced cell injury (P<0.01).Adiponectin upregulated the activity of PP2A and decreased phosphorylation levels of tau under the stimula-tion with H2O2(P<0.01).Okadaic acid, a specific inhibitor of PP2A, blocked the protective effects of adiponectin (P<0.01).Adiponectin increased the phosphorylation level of GSK-3βat Ser9 site under H2O2stimulation (P<0.01).CON-CLUSION:Adiponectin protects SH-SY5Y cells against H2O2-induced cell injury and decreases tau hyperphosphorylation by activating PP2A and inactivating GSK-3β.

Objective To investigate the distribution and evolvement of resistance profiles of the pathogens isolated from children diagnosed with urinary tract infection (UTI).Methods The pediatric patients who were diagnosed with UTI in Children's Hospital of Fudan University from January 2001 to December 2010 were enrolled in this retrospective study.The clean catch midstream urine samples were collected and the pathogens were isolated by culture.Bacterial susceptibility test was performed by following a protocol of the standardized Kirby Bauer (KB) method.The enumeration data were analyzed by chi square test and the tendency of drug resistant rate was analyzed by curvilinear regression.Results A total of 10 686 pathogen strains were isolated during the past 10years.The major pathogen was Escherichia coli which counted for 38％ -56％ of the isolates.However,the proportion of Enterococcus faecalis (0 - 17％,F =34.075,P =0.000) and Enterococcus faecium (3 ％ - 15 ％,F =7.139,P =0.028) increased rapidly.The resistant rates of Escherichia coli to cefazolin,cefuroxime sodium,cefotaxime and ceftazidime were 35.8％- 62.3％(F=215.735,P=0.000),33.1％ -57.0％(F=70.674,P=0.000),19.0％ -56.5％(F=52.355,P=0.000) and 2.1％-23.5％(F=16.807,P=0.003),respectively.The resistant rate of Escherichia coli to ciprofloxacin was 23.4％ - 33.8 ％ (F=0.989,P=0.349),while the resistant rate of Escherichia coli to amikacin and cefoperozone/sulbactam were both less than 7％.There was no Escherichia coli isolate showing resistant to imipenem.The resistant rates of Enterococcus faecium to ampicillin and ciprofloxacin were higher than 60.0％ and 50.0％,respectively,while the resistant rate of Enterococcus faecalis to these two antibiotics decreased from 40.0％ to 9.6 ％ (F =17.497,P =0.009) and 60.0％ to 21.6％ (F=12.826,P=0.009),respectively.The resistant rate of Enterococcus faecium to nitrofurantoin decreased from 32 ％ (in the year of 2002) to 9.4％ (in the year of 2010,F=34.075,P=0.000) and the resistant rate of Enterococcus faecalis decreased from 9.2％ (in the year of 2005) to 1.4％ (in the year of 2010,F=7.139,P=0.028).The resistant rates to erythromycin were both higher than 75.0％ in both Enterococcus in recent 10 years.There was no Enterococcus isolates showing resistant to vancomycin.Conclusions Escherichia coli,Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are the most common pathogens associated with UTI in children.The proportions of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium among the pathogens of UTI are increasing.The antimicrobial activity of ampicillin to Enterococcus faecalis keeps at a high level.However,there are few drugs can be used for treating Enterococcus faecium infection.

Objective: To study expression of the gene of n-6 fatty acid desaturase fat-1 in human breast cancer cell, composition change of fatty acids of cell membrane, and effect of the gene on apoptosis of breast cancer cell. Methods: Construct recombinant adenovirus vector (Ad.GFP.fat-1) containing fat-1 gene, the recombinant adenovirus was produced in 293 package cell, then it infected the breast cancer cells MCF-7; Total RNA of the cells was isolated and hybridized with antisense RNA probe of fat-1 mRNA by Northern to analyze the expression of fat-1 in MCF-7;The effect of fat-1on the proliferation of MCF-7 cell was analyzed by MTT method,apoptosis of the cells were detected by apoptosis kit;Content of n-6 PUFAs/n-3 PUFAs was analyzed by Gas Chromatography. Results: The proposed recombinant virus was got through DNA recombinant technique; fat-1 gene effectively expressed in human breast cancer cell MCF-7; The fat-1 mRNA band appeared 2 days after infection of virus Ad.GFP.fat-1;Compared with the control cell (Ad.GFP), proliferation of MCF-7 cell was markedly inhibited by the gene fat-1( 23%, p