Composite Resins ; Dental Bonding ; methods ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; methods

The Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Therapy of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (2014) will be interpreted in this paper focusing on whether it is scientific and reasonable.Some advises and views will be put forward,hoping that it will be useful to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic ability on MDS for clinicians in our country.

Objective To explore the reason of colon cancer with appendicitis and reduce the rate of misdiagnosis. Methods We car-ried out analysis retrospectively to analyze 1 094 hospitalized patients with colon cancer in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical Uni-versity from January 2006 to March 2013. Results Among 1 094 colon cancer patients,31 patients who firstly diagnosed with acute appendi-citis received appendectomy,1 patient with appendiceal abscess received non-surgical treatment. Among 31 patients with acute appendicitis,6 patients were found to be with ileocecal tumors during surgeries;24 patients were diagnosed with colon cancer within one year;incision of 1 patient did not heal, with continuous drainage of brown liquid;the appendicitis of 1 patient who received non-surgical treatment was recur-rent. Conclusion As lack of typical symptoms,colon cancer is prone to misdiagnose and diagnose incorrectly when the cancer co-exists with appendicitis and symptoms of appendicitis were showed firstly. Therefore,clinicians should be vigilant for patients with appendicitis. In order to induce the rate of misdiagnosis,it is essential that requesting disease history carefully,timely and relevant inspection and appropriate ex-ploratory surgery for the patients with appendicitis.

Objective To analyze the genetic model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods The segregation analysis and polygenic multiple threshold model were used to prove the polygenic model and to estimate the heritability and recurrence risk of ADHD in each degree relatives.Results 1. The average heritability of ADHD was (102.47?9.78)%;2.The first-degree relatives of probands were in high risk for ADHD(23.0%)compared with colony prevalence rate(2.6%). The ADHD prevalence of each degree relatives rapidly decreased with the increased magnitude of consanguineous relationship of each degree relatives and ADHD probands. Conclusions The genetic model of ADHD is the most likely polygenic inheritance with major genes, which suggested that the genetic factor might play an important role in the liability variance of ADHD.Apart from the involvement of multiple genes,each gene contributes a small additive effect,and the major genes may be involved as well.

Objective To investigate the spiral CT features of gastric carcinoma in the invasion and metastasis and its correlation with the expression of phosphatase and tensin horology deleted on chormosome ten(PTEN)and basic fibroblast grouth factor(bFGF).Methods Spiral CT plain scan and triphasic enhanced scans were performed in 83 patients.The postoperative specimens were embedded with paraffin to obtain 5?m thickness tissues and stained with HE and immunohistochemistry.Spiral CT findings were compared with the expression of phosphatase and tensin horology deleted on chormosome ten(PTEN)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF).Results(1)The accuracy of spiral CT in T and N staging of gastric carcinoma was 94.0%(78/83)and 89.2%(74/83),respectively.(2)The expression of PTEN was 47.0%(39/83)in gastric carcinoma.The expression of PTEN in T_(3.4)(40.8%,29/71)and N_(1+2) (38.3%,23/60)gastric carcinoma was significantly lower than that of T_2(10/12)and N_0(16/23)gastric carcinoma,respectively(X~2=7.439,P=0.006;X~2=6.511,P=0.011).(3)The expression of bFGF was 63.9%(53/83)in gastric carcinoma.The expression of bFGF in T(3.4)(70.4%,50/71)and N_(1+2) (71.7%,43/60)gastric carcinoma was significantly higher than that of T_2(3/12)and N_0(10/23)gastric carcinoma,respectively(X~2=7.314,P=0.007;X~2=5.724,P=0.017).(4)Both PTEN-positive expression and bFGF-positive expression were detected in 16 specimens.The expression of PTEN(41.0%, 16/39)was negatively correlated with that of bFGF(30.2%,16/53)(r=-0.447,P=0.000). Conclusion Spiral CT triphasic enhanced scans combined with biologic characteristics can improve diagnostic accuracy of gastric carcinoma in the invasion,metastasis and prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the TCM pattern classification and measurable diagnosis criterion of the protracted symptoms of heroin-addiction abstinence (PSHAA).

METHODSThrough literature review and clinical study, the concept of TCM patterns and diagnostic standard were established, and a TCM pattern scale for quantitatively analysis of PSHAA was formulated. The scale were used on the clinical investigation on the abuser for 5 times on day 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 after abstinence. Then the TCM patterns of PSHAA was classified using methods of DME and quantitative diagnosis, to create a corresponding scale of diagnostic indexes referring maximum likelihood method.

RESULTS(1) The TCM patterns of PSHAA commonly seen were Toxin-stasis accumulation (TSA) with Qi-blood insufficiency, TSA with Qi-yin deficiency, TSA with Yin-deficiency and Fire-excess and TSA with Yin-Yang deficiency. (2) The retrospective and prospective verification of the scale of diagnostic indexes showed it has high sensitivity and speciality, with low rates of misdiagnosis and of missed diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONIt is feasible to develop measurable diagnosis on the TCM patterns of PASAA using DME method and measurable diagnostic methods. The scale of diagnostic indexes formulated with the maximum likelihood method of quantified diagnosis has a certain clinical practicability.

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heroin Dependence ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Reference Standards

Ginsenosides are the abundant secondary metabolites in American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium), it could be released into soil through root exudation and decomposition during plant growth. This study determined ginsenoside contents in American ginseng cultivated soil by HPLC. Three ginsenosides, Rb1, Rb2 and Rd, were detected in the rhizosphere soil of 3-4 years old American ginseng cultivated in Huairou District, Beijing, and their contents were 0.80-3.19 mg x kg(-1). Correspondingly, the contents of the three ginsenosides in soil solution were 4-16 mg x L(-1) at field water-holding capacity of 20%. According to the field soil test data, we designed the concentration of ginsenosides for bioassays (0.2-125 mg x L(-1) in solution or 0.2-125 mg x kg(-1) in soil). The results showed that radicle lengths of American ginseng were reduced by 6%-23% in solution containing 0.2-125 mg x L(-1) ginsenoside extract, and a significant difference was observed at concentration of 125 mg x L(-1) (P < 0.05). The shoot lengths of American ginseng were not significantly inhibited by 0.2-125 mg x L(-1) ginsenosides extractions. After 20 days of growth in nutrient solution amended with 25 mg x L(-1) ginsenosides extraction, plant height of 3-year-old American ginseng seedling was decreased by 28% compared to the control, and the biomass of aerial parts was also reduced by 50% (P < 0.05). However, the growth of newly-grown fibrous root was not significantly inhibited. Comparatively, when American ginseng embryos were cultivated into sterile or non-sterile soil, neither radicle lengths nor shoot lengths were significantly affected by 0.2-125 mg x kg(-1) ginsenoside extracts. In conclusion, ginsenosides showed autotoxic effect on growth of American ginseng radicle and adult seedling, however, this effect was weakened in field soil.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Ginsenosides ; analysis ; metabolism ; toxicity ; Panax ; chemistry ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Soil ; chemistry

BACKGROUND:Previous animal experiments have demonstrated that mandibular advancement can cause the remodeling of temporomandibular joint tissue of young SD rats. This is mainly characterized by accelerated growth rate of the condyle tissue and secondary growth of mandible. But the ultrastructural remodeling of condylar chondrocytes remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE:To observe the histological and ultrastructural variations of reconstructed condylar cartilage of young rats under the effect of continuous mandibular advancement. METHODS:SD rats aged 4 weeks were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Rats in the experimental group were subjected to mandibular advancement for 24 hours and sacrificed at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days of intervention. Condylar cartilage samples were harvested and their histological and ultrastructural changes were observed under optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 14 days of intervention, the thickness of condylar cartilage in the experimental group increased first and then became thin in the period of observation. The cartilage thickness variations in the postmedian condylar were significant (P < 0.01). After 7 days of intervention, the ultrastructure of condylar chondrocytes was reconstructed, including intracelular karyopyknosis, rough endoplasmic reticulum compartment sweling, smaler even absent lipid droplets, less and irregular microfilaments around the nucleus, broadened and increased extracelular matrix and the emergence of large gaps. These results demonstrate that under continuous mandibular advancement, the rat condylar cartilage wil become thick or thin with the endurance time, and chondrocyte matrix synthesis ability wil be significantly enhanced.

Objective To investigate the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of fungal keratitis in Jilin province of China and to establish a rapid and specific method for molecular identification of the prevalent fungal pathogens.Methods Corneal scrapings were collected from 225 patients with suspected fungal keratitis.Fungal strains were isolated and identified based on their morphology and physiological characteristics.The epidemiological characteristics of all isolated strains causing fungal keratitis were statistically analyzed.Species-specific primers of Fusarium solani (F.solani) were designed and used together with the universal fungal primers to establish a multiplex PCR assay for identification of F.solani in corneal scrapings.Results 156 out of 225 patients (69.3％) were diagnosed as fungal keratitis by fungal culture followed by the examination of morphological and physiological characteristics.A total of 168 pathogenic fungi strains were isolated,most of which were Fasarium spp.(49.4％),followed by Aspergillus spp.(17.9％) and Candida spp.(14.3％).F.solani was the predominant pathogen accounting for 34.5％ in all patients.Most of the patients (87.5％) were farmer and male patients (57.1％) accounted for the majority of 156 patients as well.Corneal trauma (38.5％) was considered as the main predisposing factor.The established multiplex PCR could specifically amplify a 300 bp nucleotide fragment of F.solani.It could be used for a rapid identification of F.solani in corneal scrapings.Conclusion Fusarium genus,particularly the species of F.solani,was the predominant pathogen for fungal keratitis in Jilin province of China.Corneal trauma was the most important predisposing factor.The established multiplex PCR could identify fungal infection from corneal scrapings rapidly and specifically.These findings are very important for the early diagnosis and treatment of fungal keratitis.

Objective To study dose-response relationship and screen the optimized fractionated irradiation schedules in subclinical tumors of malignant glioma.Methods Balb/c-nude mice bearing human malignant glioma xenograft were assigned randomly into control group,fractionated irradiation schedules group and nimotuzumab-conventional fraction group.The fractionated schedules were 200 cGy x 5f/w,300 cGy ×5f/w,160 cGy ×2f/d x5 d and 400 cGy ×3f/w with total dose of 40 Gy and 60 Gy,respectively.Measurement indexes were tumor-forming rate,average recurrence time and maximum diameter of the tumor bottom.The observation lasted 24 weeks.Results With the total dose of 40 Gy,none of the significant long-term tumor regression were detected in any fractionated irradiation schedules; 400 cGy x 3f/w with complete tumor response at the end of treatment showed a better short-term curative effect.With the total dose of 60 Gy,long-term control rate of each fractionated irradiation schedule group was improved with prolonged average recurrence time of varable degrees,except 200 cGy x 5f/w fractionated schedule (tumor formation rate was 100％ at the end of treatment and average recurrence time was the poorest of 108 d).160 cGy × 2f/d × 5 d fractionated schedule showed the best curative effect with no tumor formation in 2 of 8 mice and longest recurrence time of 143 d.300 cGy x 5f/w fractionated schedule ranked second with no tumor formation in 1 of 8 mice and average recurrence time was 137 d.400 cGy x 3f/w fractionated schedule produced the poorest outcome with no case cured.There were no significant changes in the tumor-forming rate or average recurrence time when nimotuzumab was concurrently used for subclinical tumors of malignant glioma with total dose of 60 Gy.Conclusions Conventional fractionated irradiation is not the best option to control the sustained growth.160 cGy ×2f/d ×5 d and 300 cGy × 5f/w might be the optimized fractionated irradiation schedules for subclinical tumors of malignant glioma.