Aiming at the cultivation of basic medical science talents, the paper introduced and summarized the background, characteristics and development trends (expand of the team, de-crease of the schooling and increase of the interdisciplinary course) of basic medical science major. Three cultivation models of this major in China were introduced and discussed in the article.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of gastrodin injection combined with dexamethasone in the treatment of sudden deafness and its effect on hemorheology and hearing.Methods:Eighty patients with sudden deafness who received treatment in the Department of Otolaryngology, General Hospital of Taiyuan Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd., from August 2018 to March 2020 were included in this study. These patients were randomly assigned to receive either intratympanic injection of dexamethasone (control group, n = 40) or intratympanic injection of dexamethasone combined with gastrodin injection (treatment group, n = 40). Total effective rate was compared between the two groups. The auditory threshold at 0.5, 1.0, 2 and 4 kHz was measured in each group. Before and after treatment, plasma viscosity, low shear whole blood viscosity, fibrinogen and erythrocyte deformability index were compared between the two groups. Drug-related adverse reactions were recorded in each group. Results:Total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group [92.50% (37/40) vs. 75.00% (30/40), χ2 = 4.401, P < 0.05]. After treatment, the auditory threshold at 0.5, 1.0, 2 and 4 kHz was significantly decreased compared with before treatment in each group (all P < 0.001). After treatment, the auditory threshold at 0.5, 1.0, 2 and 4 kHz was (42.71 ± 7.06) dB, (44.01 ± 9.35) dB, (48.06 ± 11.37) dB and (52.40 ± 14.26) dB, respectively, in the treatment group and (50.14 ± 8.09) dB, (53.70 ± 10.46) dB, (55.10 ± 13.47) dB and (59.26 ± 15.77) dB respectively in the control group. There were significant differences between the two groups ( t = 4.376, 4.368, 2.526 and 2.267, all P < 0.05). After treatment, plasma viscosity, low shear whole blood viscosity and fibrinogen in each group were significantly decreased (all P < 0.001). After treatment, erythrocyte deformability index in each group was significantly increased ( P < 0.001). After treatment, plasma viscosity, low shear whole blood viscosity and fibrinogen were significantly decreased, and erythrocyte deformability index was significantly increased, compared with before treatment in each group. After treatment, plasma viscosity, low shear whole blood viscosity and fibrinogen, and erythrocyte deformability index were (1.68 ± 0.39) mPa · s, (19.07 ± 3.65) mPa · s, (3.11 ± 0.58) g/L, (0.68 ± 0.08), respectively in the treatment group, and (2.01 ± 0.41) mPa · s, (22.10 ± 4.49) mPa · s, (3.89 ± 0.75) g/L, (0.60 ± 0.07) respectively in the control group. There were significant differences in plasma viscosity, low shear whole blood viscosity and fibrinogen, and erythrocyte deformability index between the two groups ( t = 3.688, 3.312, 5.203, 4.760, all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the treatment and control groups (10.00% vs. 15.00%, χ2 = 0.457, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Gastrodin injection combined with dexamethasone can enhance the curative effect on sudden deafness, effectively improve patient's hemorheology and hearing, and is highly safe.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the pharmacodynamics of active parts in crude Atractylodes lancea and A. lancea fired with bran. METHODS:170 rats were randomly divided into 17 groups,including blank control group,spleen and stomach damp obstruction model group,volatile oil of crude A. lancea and A. lancea fired with bran high-dose and low-dose(0.747,0.083 mg/ml by the concentration of crude medicinal materials,similarly hereinafter)groups,solvent control 2% polysorbate 80 group,dichlo-romethane extract of crude A. lancea and A. lancea fired with bran high-dose and low-dose groups,solvent control 1‰ polysorbate 80 group,n-butyl alcohol extract of crude A. lancea and A. lancea fired with bran high-dose and low-dose groups,solvent control stomach damp obstruction model distilled water control group. Except blank control group,other 16 groups were given Sennae foli-um decoction ig for 14 d to induce spleen and stomach damp obstruction model,and then received relevant medicine or solvent ig once a day for consecutive 7 d. Body weight of rats were determined before and after medication,and the serum levels of amylase, D-xylose,gastrin,vasoactive intestinal peptide and NO were determined after medication. RESULTS:Compared with spleen and stomach damp obstruction model group,the body weight and serum levels of gastrin,amylase and D-xylose increased significantly in rats of active part in A. lancea fired with bran groups(P<0.05),while vasoactive intestinal peptide and NO decreased signifi-cantly(P<0.05). Compared active part in crude A. lancea group,except the body weight,above indicators of active part in A. lan-cea fired with bran groups had greater change,with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:There are pharmacody-namic differences in the active parts between crude A. lancea and A. lancea fired with bran,the latter one is stronger.

Coronary Restenosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; therapy ; Stents ; Thrombosis ; etiology

Objective To investigate error-related negativity characteristics of patients with internalizing mental disorders and its diagnostic value.Methods Fifty-five patients met with DSM-Ⅳ anxiety or depression criteria were sampled from outpatients and inpatients,and 20 normal adults were selected as control group.With Eriksen and Simon tasks as evoked stimuli,error-related negativities of each participant were acquired using Canada Stellate-64 channel EEG/ERP Instrument and BESA5.2 software,and the data of general information,clinical symptoms,reaction time,and error rate were collected.Results (1) Correct reaction time ((377.5±98.8) ms)and errors reaction time ((337.3±96.6)ms) of patient group were significantly longer than those of control group ((288.5±105.9)ms and (281.9±94.3)ms) on the Eriksen task and Simon task,and there were no significantly group differences on other indicators (P＞0.05).(2) ERN amplitudes at 6 sities (Fz =(4.97±5.74) μV,F3 =(5.50±4.59) μV,F4 =(6.26±6.79) μV,Cz =(4.74±5.51) μV,C3 =(5.44±4.8) μV,C4 =(5.50± 5.28) μV) of patients group were significantly greater than those of control group ((1.17± 1.47)μV,(2.22±3.95) μV,(3.40±2.55)μV,(2.28± 1.41) μV,(3.05±2.47) μV,(3.16±2.51) μV) on the Eriksen task.ERN amplitudes at Fz((5.43±6.61) μV) and F4((6.00±5.50)μV) of patient group were significantly were greater than those of control group ((2.05 ±2.34) μV,(3.09±2.86)μV) on the Simon task,and there were no significantly group differences on the ERN amplitudes at other sites (P＞0.05).(3) ERN latencies ((87.6±34.4) ms and (84.9±34.8) ms) of patient group at Fz and F4 were significantly longer than control group ((54.0±46.5) ms and (36.3±42.4)ms) on the Simon task,and there were no significantly group differences on the ERN latencies at other sites (P＞0.05).Conclusion The increased error related potentials suggest that patients with internalizing mental disorders has an internal error monitoring defects,and ERN might be a useful endophenotype for internalizing mental disorders.

Objective To observe the CT features of ovary Brenner tumor. Methods CT manifestations of 5 patients with ovary Brenner tumor confirmed with pathology and clinical follow-up were retrospectively analyzed, and the masses were described for location, size, configuration, enhancement pattern, presence of calcification and metastatic spread. Results There were 7 tumors in 5 patients, 3 patients had unilateral tumors and 2 had bilateral Brenner tumors (left side 3 and right side 4), with tumor size ranging from 1.52 to 16.25 cm (mean 7.36 cm). Five masses in 4 patients were benign, 2 (bilateral tumors in 1 patient) were malignant. All tumors had well-defined margin. One patient with bilateral benign tumors had large pleural effusion and seroperitoneum. Five tumors in 4 patients (5/7, 71.43%) were solid and had calcification, 2 tumors in 1 patients (2/7, 28.57%) were mainly cystic, with septa in the tumors. The solid part of all tumors were inhomogeneous and had mild enhancement. Conclusion CT findings of ovary Brenner tumor have some characteristics. Combining with clinical manifestations, CT is helpful for the diagnosis of ovary Brenner tumor.

Animals ; Beverages ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Rural Population ; Sampling Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Transients and Migrants

Studying the essence of syndromes (Zheng) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a fundamental challenge in basic theoretical research of TCM. The relationship between any given syndrome and biochemical indicators is one of the important aspects of the study. As the indexes selected in each study are specific to a particular Western medical disease diagnosis, and the disease factor is inevitably introduced into the study, the effect of disease factor on the index changes cannot be assessed effectively by traditional data processing methods. This is known as "the same syndrome with different reasons", which has resulted in confusion in TCM research. This study aimed at providing a mathematical tool to address this issue. Based on information theory and the residual-split method, the syndrome information, which was covered in the index variation, was quantitatively calculated in this paper as an independent part of the disease factor. A mathematical model capable of objectively assessing and statistically testing the effect of the syndrome factor on the index changes was established. Applying this model to literature data of studies on the relationship between cyclic nucleotides and yang-deficiency syndrome showed following results. First, the values of yang-deficiency syndrome information were negative for cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) while positive for cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in all included literature. This indicated that the group of yang-deficiency syndrome was correlated with an obvious trend of reduced cAMP levels and increased cGMP levels. Second, the statistical test results of yang-deficiency syndrome information of the two indexes were different among the literature included. The quality of original data was considered as a possible reason. Third, the significant differences between the yang-deficiency group of a specific disease and the normal group may, in some cases, be caused by a disease factor rather than a syndrome factor. The mathematical model provided a reasonable mathematical tool for the analysis of disease factor and syndrome factor in clinical research of TCM, suggesting that the mathematical model may give rise to innovative ideas and methods in the study of syndromes.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of tympanic injection of dexamethasone in the guinea pig endolymphatic hydrops and the change CFTR expression, to explore the effect of glucocorticoid treatment endolymphatic and its possible mechanism. METHOD: Thirty guinea pigs were divided into three groups: hormone group, water group, control group. The animals(hormone group, water group) in study were injected DDAVP 4 μg/kg in the first 7 d, and will increase to 6 μg/kg in the second 3 d. The control group was given normal saline, continuous 10 d. After twelfth days, the hormone group transtympanic injection of dexamethasone (5 mg/ml, 0.5 ml), and water group, control group transtympanic given normal saline (0.5 ml), continuous injection 5 d. Using immuno- histochemistry and Western blot to detect the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator cochlear factor (CFTR) expression. RESULT: The water group ABR thresholds was significantly higher than that before the experiment (P < 0.01), and the water group was significantly higher than the rest of the groups (P < 0.01); Hormone group compared with the control group increased threshold value (P < 0.05). The control group had no endolym- phatic hydrops, the water group showed varying degrees of endolymphatic hydrops, cochlear duct and vestibular plus cochlear duct area ratio compared with the control group, hormone group was significantly higher (P < 0.01). hormone group area ratio was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). CFTR was primarily expressed in the stria vascularis, Corti's, spiral ligament, basilar membrane, cochlear ganglion,etc . The expression of CFTR in the water group was increased than that in the control group, and the hormone group (P < 0.01); the expression of hormone group increased compared with the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Tympanic injection of dexa- methasone can alleviate the desmopressin acetatein guinea pigs caused by membranous labyrinth, and the improve- ment of the hearing; Tympanic injection of dexamethasone can make the endolymphatic hydrops cochlea of guinea pigs decreased CFTR expression, indicating that the expression and possible mechanisms of CFTR intratympanic steroids reduce endolymphatic hydrops changes.
Animals ; Cochlea ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; biosynthesis ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Ear, Inner ; Endolymphatic Hydrops ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Glucocorticoids ; pharmacology ; Guinea Pigs ; Stria Vascularis