Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tennis Elbow ; therapy

Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of ketamine-propofol mixture anesthesia for 85 children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization.Methods Eighty-five children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac cathete-rization were randomly divided into ketamine group(K group,n=44)and ketamin-propofol group(KP group,n=41).K group:1 mg?kg-1 ketamine was injected intravenously and then infused at 50 ?g?kg-1?min-1 for anesthesia maintenance.KP group:anesthesia was induced with ketamine 1 mg?kg-1 and propofol 1 mg?kg-1 intravenously,and maintained by continuous infusion of ketamine(16.7 ?g?kg-1?min-1)and propofol(33.3 ?g?kg-1?min-1).Electrocardiogram,blood pressure,pluse,respiratory frequency,saturation of blood oxygen were continously monitored.Results Hemodynamic and respiratory function were stable in both 2 groups.Ketamine consumption in K group was significantly more than that in KP group[(52.1?2.8)?g?kg-1?min-1 vs(25.3?7.3)?g?kg-1?min-1],eye opening time and recovery time were also longer in K group than those in KP group [(50.2?16.5)min vs(40.4?18.3)min].Conclusion The ketamine-propofol mixture was a safe,efficacy anesthesia with excellent recovery in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization.

AIM: To observe the comparison of vitrectomy combined drug therapy ( Ranibizumab injection ) and single vitrectomy for proliferatived diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) and the influence of the curative effect and prognosis of patients.
METHODS:In this study, 112 cases (125 eyes) with PDR were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group ( n= 56 ) . Fifty-six cases ( 61 eyes ) in experimental group were injected by drug therapy of 0. 5mg ranibizumab and received vitrectomy;In control group, 56 cases ( 64 eyes ) were received single vitrectomy. The intraoperative and postoperative differences of clinical indicators were analyzed in two groups.
RESULTS: The average operation time, intraoperative electric coagulation hemostasis rate and iatrogenic hiatal incidence of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group:(95. 00±13. 00) min vs (133. 00±14.5) min, 11% vs 34%, 5% vs 20%, respectively (P<0. 05). The anterior chamber and vitreous body cavity hemorrhage rate within postoperative 1mo in the experimental group were lower than that of the control group:7% vs 23%, 5% vs 12%, respectively (P<0. 05). The postoperative visual acuity of experimental group was better than that of the control group:0. 375±0. 210 vs 0. 261±0. 170, respectively (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Patients with PDR injected with ranibizumab in vitreous cavity before vitrectomy can effectively reduce the operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, the incidence of iatrogenic hiatus, and intraoperative and postoperative complications. The postoperative visual acuity was better than before.

Objective To establish a pancreatic ?-cell developmet fish model with specific spatial expression patterns.Methods Molecular cloning,microinjection,whole embryo in-situ hybridization(WISH)and fluorescence microscopy in living were used to analyze of ?-cell development through generation of transgenic zebrafish.ResultsScreened and established pancreatic ? cells of transgenic zebrafish,and confirmed the fluorescence protein expression in the same spatiotemporal pattern with endogenous insulin gene to achieve dynamic monitoring islet ?-cell development situation in vivo.Conclusion The pancreatic ? cells of transgenic zebrafish animal model can successfully trace pancreatic ? cell development.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Bushen Huoxue Compound (BHC) on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF mRNA in retinal Muller cells under high glucose condition or advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) condition by using serum pharmacological method.

METHODSThe retinal Müller cells of 5-7 days post-natal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were cultured with modified enzyme-digestion method. Purified retinal Muller cells were cultured in normal conditions, high glucose condition (50 mmol/L) or AGEs (50 mg/L and 100 mg/L) conditions, and BHC-containing serum was added to culture medium. The LDH leakage and VEGF expressions were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, the relative expression of VEGF mRNA was tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, expressions of VEGF and VEGF mRNA were significantly increased in the high glucose group, the low dose AGEs group and the high dose AGEs group (all P < 0.01). The LDH leakage was obviously increased in the high dose AGEs group, when compared with the normal control group and the high glucose group (P < 0.01). The LDH leakage, expressions of VEGF and VEGF mRNA were obviously decreased by BHC-containing serum both in high glucose and AGEs conditions (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). BHC-containing serum had no significant effect on the LDH leakage and expressions of VEGF and VEGF mRNA in normal conditions (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAGEs intervention could obviously lower the stability of Müller cell membrane. Up-regulated expressions of VEGF and VEGF mRNA in cultured Müller cells could be induced by AGEs or high glucose. BHC-containing serum could stabilize the stability of Müller cell membrane, inhibit the transcription of VEGF mRNA and decrease the protein expression of VEGF, which might be one of important mechanisms for preventing and treating diabetic retinopathy.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Ependymoglial Cells ; Glucose ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Cellulosic material is the most abundant renewable carbon source in the world. Cellulose may be hydrolyzed using cellulase to produce glucose, which can be used for production of ethanol, organic acids, and other chemicals. Cellulase is a complex enzyme containing endoglucanase (EC 3.2.1.4), exoglucanase (EC 3.2.1.91) and cellobiase (EC 3.2.1.21). The hydrolysis of natural cellulose to glucose depends on the synergism of these three components. The mostly used cellulase produced by Trichoderma reesei has high activity of endoglucanase and exoglucanase, but the activity of cellobiase is relatively low. Therefore, improving the activity of cellobiase in cellulase reaction system is the key to enhance the sacchrification yield of cellulosic resources. Aspergillus niger LORRE 012 was a high productivity strain for cellobiase production. It was found that the spores of this strain were rich in cellobiase. In this work, the cellobiase was immobilized efficiently by simply entrapping the spores into calcium alginate gels instead of immobilizing the pure cellobiase proteins. The immobilized cellobiase was quite stable, and its half-life was 38 days under pH 4.8, 50 degrees C. The thermal stability of the immobilized cellobiase was improved, and it was stable below 70 degrees C. The suitable pH range of the immobilized cellobiase was pH 3.0 - 5.0, with the optimal pH value 4.8. The Km and Vmax value of the immobilized cellobiase were 6.01 mmol/L and 7.06 mmol/min x L, respectively. In repeated batch hydrolysis processes, 50 mL of substrate (10 g/L cellobiose) and 10 mL of immobilized beads containing cellobiase were added into a 150 ml flask. After reacting at pH 4.8, 50 degrees C for several hours, the hydrolysate was harvested for assay, and the immobilized beads were used for the next batch hydrolysis with the fresh substrate. This process was repeated, and the yield of enzymatic hydrolysis kept higher than 97% during 10 batches. The continuous hydrolysis process was carried out in a column reactor (inside diameter 2.8 cm, inside height 40 cm) packed with the immobilized beads. Using 10 g/L cellobiose as substrate, the hydrolysis yield reached 98% under 0.4 h (-1) dilution rate and pH 4.8, 50 degrees C. After corncob was treated by 1% dilute acid, the cellulosic residue (100 g/L) was used as substrate, and hydrolyzed by the cellulase (15 IFPU/g substrate) from Trichoderma reesei, at pH 4.8, 50 degrees C for 48 h. The concentration of reducing sugar in the hydrolysate was only 48.50 g/L (hydrolysis yield 69.5%). When the hydrolysate was further treated by the immobilized cellobiase, the cellobiose was hydrolyzed into glucose, and the feedback inhibition caused by the cellobiose accumulation disappeared sharply. By the synergism of immobilized cellobiase and the cellulase from T. reesei left in the hydrolysate, other oligosaccharides were mostly converted to monosaccharides. At 48 h, the reducing sugar concentration was increased to 58.78 g/L, the hydrolysis yield of the corncob residue was improved to 84.2%, and the ratio of the glucose in the total reducing sugar was increased from 53.6% to 89.5%. The reducing sugars converted from corncob could be used further in the fermentation of valuable industrial products. This research results were meaningful in the conversion and utilization of renewable biomass.
Aspergillus niger ; enzymology ; Biotechnology ; Cellobiose ; metabolism ; Enzyme Stability ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kinetics ; Temperature ; beta-Glucosidase ; chemistry ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of the rate of morphologically normal sperm (MNS) on the clinical outcomes of conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) in patients with one retrieved oocyte.

METHODSFrom January 2013 to January 2015, a total of 256 couples with one retrieved oocyte underwent conventional IVF in our center. According to the rate of MNS, the patients were divided into two groups: MNS < 4% (134 cycles) and MNS ≥ 4% (122 cycles). We compared the rates of no transferrable embryo cycles, fertilization, cleavage, normal fertilization, abnormal fertilization, high-quality embryo and transferrable embryo between the two groups. A total of 75 fresh embryo transfer cycles were performed, 43 in the MNS < 4% group and the other 32 in the MNS ≥ 4% group. We also compared the rates of implantation, clinical pregnancy and abortion between the two groups.

RESULTSThere were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the rates of no transferrable embryo cycles, fertilization, cleavage, normal fertilization, abnormal fertilization, high-quality embryo and transferrable embryo (P > 0.05). The rates of implantation, clinical pregnancy and abortion exhibited no remarkable differences either in the fresh embryo transfer cycles between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe rate of MNS does not affect the clinical outcomes of conventional IVF in patients with one retrieved oocyte.

Abortion, Spontaneous ; Cleavage Stage, Ovum ; Embryo Implantation ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Oocyte Retrieval ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Single Embryo Transfer ; statistics & numerical data ; Sperm Count ; Spermatozoa ; physiology

objective To investigate the method of securing donors and recipients during the initial procedure of adult-to-aduh living donor liver transplantation(ALDLT).Methods The clinical data,preoperative assessment,surgical strategies and complications of 71 adult donors and recipients who underwent ALDLT from April 2007 to November 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Sixty-three right lobes without middle hepatic vein(MHV),1 extended right lobe,4 right lobes with MHV and 3 left lobes with MHV were obtained.Two donors suffered from postoperative complications including 1 with bile leakage and 1 with abdominal bleeding.No donor mortality occurred.Eighteen recipients had postoperative complications including 12 with biliary complications,3 with vascular complications and 3 with small-for-size syndrome.The perioperative mortality rate of recipients was 10%(7/71).Conclusions Strict donor and recipient assessment,optimal surgical strategy and postoperative care are extremely helpful to secure donors and recipients during the initial procedure of ALDLT.

Objective To investigate the loss of heterozygosity at 17 microsatellites of 10 chromosome arms in 68 resected specimens of esophageal cancer, and the relationship to the clinicopathological phenotypes of patients. Methods 68 tumor specimens (20 well-differentiated squamous carcinomas, 30 moderately differentiated carcinomas and 18 poorly differentiated carcinomas) and their matched blood samples were analyzed for LOH at 17 microsatellites by using PCR and fluorescence-based DNA sequencing technology, and the association of LOH with the clinicopathological phenotypes of patients was compared statistically. Results The lowest detection frequency of LOH in our subjects was observed at D8S261 with 33. 3%, and the highest frequency was at D9S125 with 85. 2%. There were 12 markers with the frequency of LOH higher than 50.0%, and 3 markers (D3S1597, D3S1285 and D9S125) with the frequency higher than 75. 0%. There was a significant difference in the frequency of LOH at D9S111 and D13S153 between tumors with different histological grades. LOH at D9S111 was observed in 2 of 12 tumors with well differentiation in 14 of 20 tumors with moderate differentiation, and in 14 of 16 tumors with poor differentiation. LOH at DI3S153 was observed in 2 of 8 tumors with well differentiation, in 12 of 28 tumors with moderate differentiation, and in 11 of 12 tumors with poor differentiation. There was a significant difference in the frequency of LOH at D8S261 between tumors with lymph node metastasis and without lymph node metastasis. LOH at D8S261 was found in 1 of 14 tumors with lymph node metastasis, and in 12 of 22 tumors without lymph node metastasis. Conclusions The widespread and frequent loss of heterozygosity may exist in esophageal cancer, and the candidate genes located in the site of frequent LOH may be involved in the development of this cancer; LOH at D9S11 and D13S153 are more commonly observed in the patients with higher histological grades, the tumors with LOH at D8S261 may have a low tendency to lymph node involvement.

Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment quality of juxtaglomerular cell tumor of the kidney. Methods Three patients(2 females, 1 male) were diagnosed with juxtaglomerular cell tumor of kidney and underwent nephron-sparing surgery. Case 1 was female, 15 years old. She presented with hypertention of 245/135 mm Hg. The serum kalium was 2.5--3.0 mmol/L. Thelaboratory examination suggested that in decubitus and standing position, the plasma renin activity (PRA) was 2.2 and 3.5 μg · L-1 · h-1 , angiotensin Ⅱ (ATⅡ) was 181.2 and 481.4 ng/L; aldosterone(ALD) was 332.4 and 747.9 pmol/L, respectively. Dynamic enhanced CT scanning demonstrated a tumor with the diameter of 1.3 cm in right kidney. Case 2 was male, 39 years old. He presented with hypertention of 180/120 mm Hg. The serum kalium was 2. 7--3.0 mmol/L. In decubitus and standing position, PRAwas8.1 and 9.2 μg·L-1 · h-1, ATⅡ was 198.3 and 279.1 ng/L, ALD was 285.3 and 761.7 pmol/L, respectively. Dynamic enhanced CT scanning showed a tumor with the diameter of 1.2 cm in right kidney. Case 3 was female, 26 years old. She presented with hypertention of 210/120 mm Hg. The serum kalium was 4. 1 mmol/L. In decubitus and standing position, PRA was 0.1 and 0.3 μg · L-1·h-1 , ATⅡ 56.2 and 71.5 ng/L, ALD 321.3 and 421.1 pmol/L, respec tively. On dynamic enhanced CT scanning, a tumor with a diameter of 3.0era was located in left kidney. Results Partial nephrectomy was successfully performed in 3 patients, including 1 (case 2) retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery. Pathologic examination revealed encapsulated tumors in all cases. Light microscopically, the tumor consisted of clusters of polygonal cells, and the cell had centrally located nuclei and slightly eosinophilic cytoplasm. Thick walled vessels were usually present. The tumors showed positive immunostaining for actin and CD34. Three patients were followed up for 23,4, 26 months respectively and all remained normotensive without any treatment. No recurrence or metastasis occurred. Conclusions Hypertention, increased PRA, secondary aldosteronism, hypokalemia are characteristics for juxtaglomerular cell tumor of the kidney. Dynamic enhanced CT scanning has high sensitivity. Partial nephrectomy or enucleation of tumor are both effective surgical treatment. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery is safe and effective as well.