Adult ; Dimethylformamide ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Young Adult

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; DNA, Viral ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical value of different positioning tests for different benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). METHOD: This research applies Dix-Hallpike test and Side-lying test for PC-BPPV, Roll test and WRW test for HC-BPPV, Dix-Hallpike test, Side-lying test and Rahko T maneuvers for SC-BPPV. Six hundred and thirteen cases, who were tested with different positioning tests in the sequence of firstly PC-BPPV then HC-BPPV and finally SC-BPPV, were randomly divided into 2 groups. The order of positioning tests for PC-BPPV and HC-BPPV in the two groups was reversed. RESULT: There's no significant difference between the detection rate of Dix-Hallpike test and Side-lying test for PC-BPPV (P > 0.05). Similarly, there's no difference in statistics between the detection rate of Roll test and WRW test for HC-BPPV (P > 0.05). However, the detection rate of Rahko T maneuver was higher than the other two tests for SC-BPPV and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The detection rates of different positioning tests for PC-BPPV and HC-BPPV between the two groups were not different in statistics (P > 0.05), which implies that the different order had no effect on the sensitivity of each positioning test. CONCLUSION Dix-Hallpike test is recommended as the first choice for PC-BPPV for its more efficient stimulus to the posterior semicircular canal, and Side-lying test is recommended as a prior choice to the patients with suspected PC-BPPV but unable to receive Dix-Hallpike test because of its similar sensitivity and more convenient manipulation. The detection rate of Both Roll test and WRW test were higher than 90% and there's no significant difference between the two tests. In addition, Roll test is easier to perform and helpful for the therapy, so its considered as the preferred test for HC-BPPV with WRW test as the supplement test. Nevertheless, for SC-BPPV the sensitivity of Rahko T maneuver was higher than that of the other two tests, so it can be used to confirm the suspected SC-BPPV patients detected or missed diagnosed by the two other tests. To avoid misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis, the judgment of affected semicircular canal is determined not only by positioning test but also by the feature of nystagmus.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Positioning ; Retrospective Studies ; Vertigo ; diagnosis ; Young Adult

Objective To investigated the related factors which affecting the severity degrees of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) in trailsferred casualty after Wenchuan Earthquake.Methods Taking PTSD symptoms self-assessment scale(PCL-C) to involve 386 wounded who sufiered 40 days after the earthquake disaster,from 11 hospitals and were transferred to Chongqing city.Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used.354 valid questionnaires were recovered to explore the relevant factors affecting the severity on the symptoms of PTSD.Results This survey contains 354 subjects,with male 154(43.6%),female 200(56.4%),age 43.76±21.22,nation alities:Han people 236(66.7%),Qiang people 114(32.2%),others4(1.1%),and marriage status as unmarried 92(26.1%),married 253(71.7%),others 9(2.2%).The wounded women PTSD have more seriotis symptoms than men,and there were differences between them in repeated and disturbing dreams of this stressful experience(t=2.46,P=0.014),a strong sense of psychological suffering annoyance (t=2.02,P=0.044),having difficulty concentrating(t=2.04,P=0.042),being"super-alert"(t=2.465,P=0.014) etc,also in the total scores(t=2.489.P=0.013)(P<0.05).The PTSD symptoms of wounded degree in who had been buried in Earthquake were more serious than those not been buried.There were significant difierences between them in the iterns as:avoid thinking about or talking about a stressful experience(t=2.661,P=0.008),avoid activities or situations that could fecall the stressful experience(t=2.705,P=0.007),trouble remembering important parts of a stressful experience (t=2.775,P=0.006),feeling emotionally numb or being unable to have loving feelings for those close to you(t=3.017,P=0.003),feeling as if your future will somehow be cut short(t=2.979,P=0.003) and total scores(t=3.175,P=0.002).The wounded that witnessed someone be buried or died in earthquake,in PTSD symptoms,were more serious than those without.In the items of feeling distant or cut off from other people,feeling emotionally numb or being unable to have loving feelings for those close to you,feeling irritable or having angry outbursts, there were significant difference(P<0.05-0.01).There were significant difrerences among the average score of the three core symptoms(F=3.350,P<0.001),among the three core symptoms as well as between the three core symptoms and total score respectively.Conclusion There were differences in the severity degrees of PTST in transferred casualty under difrerent exposed conditions.Correlations were also found between each of the symptoms.

Objective To describe the prevalence and risk factors for suicide ideation among college students in Chongqing city. Methods Data on suicide ideation and related factors were collected from 9808 college students at 11 colleges randomly selected in Chongqing. A multiple logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors for suicide ideation. Results 1279 (13.0%) of the 9808 students reported suicide ideation and the constituent ratio of boys and girls was 3:4 whileriskfactors for suicide ideation were ranked as follows: high frequency of feeling hopeless in prior year (OR=5.07,95%CI: 4.27-6.02); having psychological problems in recent 1 month that affecting daily lives and learning(2.07,1.79-2.38); relatives having suicide behavior (1.77,1.52-2.08); having had sexual experience (1.95,1.65-2.30); being female (1.66,1.45-1.90) and friends who had had suicide attempts(1.46,1.28-1.67);having diseases in the last 1 month that affecting daily lives and learning (1.29,1.08-1.52). Conclusion The prevalence of suicide ideation among these college students was high that calls the development,implementation and assessment of suicide prevention plans for college students that focusing on the risk factors identified for suicide ideation.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of self-reported suicidal behavior in university students and to compare the related risk factors between two selected groups. Methods A questionnaire survey on situation of suicidal behavior and risk factors was conducted among 9808 university students. Results The overall rate of suicide attempts among university students was 1.7%. Factors as suicidal attitude, having associates who had suicidal experience and negative life events, were significantly different between groups with or without suicide attempts. Risk factors on suicidal behavior were as follows: high frequency of feeling hopeless in the last year (OR=4.23,95% CI: 3.05-5.85) , first degree relatives with suicide behavior (OR=2.85, 95% CI: 1.72-4.73),having associates with suicide behavior (OR=2.82,95%CI: 2.05-3.88), having had sexual experience (OR=2.73,95%CI: 1.88-3.96), daily live being influenced by the existing psychological problems in the last month (OR=2.53, 95% CI: 1.80-3.56) , being female (OR=2.47, 95% CI: 1.77-3.45) and having other relatives with suicide behaviors (OR=2.36, 95% CI: 1.63-3.41). Conclusion Psychological, biological and social factors had influenced on suicidal behaviors among university students which all called for effective intervention to be implemented.

OBJECTIVETo study genotype distribution and the characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Uighur patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Xinjiang, China.

METHODSType specific primers and PCR were used to detect the HBV genotypes of 127 Uighur CHB patients in Xinjiang. Genotyping results were confirmed by PCR product sequencing.

RESULTSAmong the 127 patients, the proportions of genotype D, B, C and B/D, C/D, B/C/D were 39.4% (50/127), 22.0% (28/127), 16.5% (21/127) and 9.4% (12/127), 8.7% (11/127) and 3.9% (5/127), respectively. The distribution of the HBV genotypes showed no significant differences between male and female patients (x2 = 8.058, P > 0.05), between HBeAg positive and negative patients (x2 = 6.033, P > 0.05), and between patients of different ages (x2 = 3.137, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGenotype D HBV is predominant in Uighur patients with chronic hepatitis B in Xinjiang. The distribution of various HBV genotypes shows no significant differences between these Uighur patients with different HBeAg positivity, sex and age.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA, Viral ; Female ; Genome, Viral ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical manifestation of patients with renal injury induced by chronic mercury intoxication and the application of the diagnostic criteria of occupational mercury poisoning.

METHODSThe clinical data of 8 patients with chronic occupational mercury intoxication were analysed and evaluated.

RESULTSAll the observed clinical signs of chronic mercury intoxication correspond with the items of the diagnostic criteria of occupational mercury poisoning. The increasing beta2-MG was one of the clinical manifestations of renal injury induced by chronical mercury intoxication. The renal injury obviously was dose-dependent and reversible.

CONCLUSIONSThe national diagnostic criteria of occupational mercury poisoning is practically valuable. The renal injury induced by chronic mercury intoxication should not be neglected.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mercury Poisoning ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; Reference Standards

The genus Ephedra of the Ephedraceae family contains more than 60 species of nonflowering seed plants distributed throughout Asia, America, Europe, and North Africa. These Ephedra species have medicinal, ecological, and economic value. This review aims to summarize the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of the Ephedra species to unveil opportunities for future research. Comprehensive information on the Ephedra species was collected by electronic search (e.g., GoogleScholar, Pubmed, SciFinder, and Web of Science) and phytochemical books. The chemical compounds isolated from the Ephedra species include alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, polysaccharides, and others. The in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies on the crude extracts, fractions and few isolated compounds of Ephedra species showed anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-obesity, antiviral, and diuretic activities. After chemical and pharmacological profiling, current research is focused on the antibacterial and antifungal effects of the phenolic acid compounds, the immunosuppressive activity of the polysaccharides, and the antitumor activity of flavonoids.
Animals ; Anti-Infective Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Ephedra ; chemistry ; Humans

Objective: To investigate whether inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is involved in the electrical remodeling of cardiomyocytes by regulating ultra-rapid delayed rectifier K(+) current (I(kur)) and the role of Src kinase. Methods: H9c2 cells, embryonic cardiomyocytes of rat, were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and atrium-derived HL-1 cells were cultured in Claycomb medium. Both H9c2 and HL-1 cells were cultured at 37 ℃ with 5% CO(2). Cells cultured in normal conditions without additional treatment served as control group. Experimental groups were treated with different concentration of TNF-α (25 or 50 or 100 ng/ml) for 24 hours. To study whether Src specific inhibitor PP1 could abrogate the effect of TNF-α, cells were pre-treated with 10 μmol/L PP1 for 1 hour, followed by TNF-α (100 ng/ml) for 24 hours. Western blot and the whole cell patch clamp technique were used to detect the protein expression of Kv1.5 and Src and I(kur) in each group. Results: (1) In H9c2 cells, high concentration of TNF-α treatment (100 ng/ml) significantly reduced the Kv1.5 protein expression compared with control group and TNF-α 25 ng/ml group (both P<0.05). Compared with control group, the expression of p-Src protein was higher in 25 ng/ml, 50 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml TNF-α group (all P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference in the expression of Src protein among groups (P>0.05). In addition, the current density of I(kur) was decreased in 50 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml TNF-α group (both P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression of Kv1.5 protein and the current density of I(kur) were increased in PP1+TNF-α group compared with TNF-α 100 ng/ml group (both P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the expression of Kv1.5 protein and the current density of I(kur) between the control group and PP1+TNF-α group (both P>0.05). (2) In atrium-derived HL-1 cells, the expression of Kv1.5 protein was reduced in 100 ng/ml TNF-α group compared with control group and TNF-α 25 ng/ml group (both P<0.01). In addition, the expression of p-Src protein was increased in TNF-α 100 ng/ml group compared with control group (P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference in the protein expression of Src among groups (P>0.05). The expression of Kv1.5 protein was increased in PP1+TNF-α group compared with TNF-α 100 ng/ml group (P<0.05). Conclusion: TNF-α is involved in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation, probably via decreasing I(kur) current density in atrium-derived myocytes through the activation of Src kinase.
Animals ; Down-Regulation ; Heart Atria ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; src-Family Kinases