The origin and development of umbilical therapy in traditional Chinese medicine is explored from related literature in the history. As a result, the Shang period is regarded as initial period of umbilical therapy, while periods from Han Dynasty, Jin Dynasty and Southern-Northern Dynasties to Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty could be taken as stage of primary development. Time from Song Dynasty, Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty to Ming and Qing Dynasties is believed as mature stage. Also the manipulation, application principle, indications and contraindications of umbilical therapy are explained. A brief overview of modern development of umbilical therapy is also described.
China ; History, 15th Century ; History, 16th Century ; History, 17th Century ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, Ancient ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; methods ; Umbilicus ; physiology

and each of the resistant strains was resistant at least to 5 antibiotics.13 strains out of the 28 harbored plasmids ranging from 1 to 6 in number and 105 Md to 2.7 Md in molecular weight.The plasmid with 50 Md was the most popular one in this study,which may be the epidemic plasmid in the urologic unit.It was also found that 2 different species of bacteria isloated from the patients with infection of the urinary tract showed identical plasmid profile,which indicates that these 2 patients may be associated with each other.

Limonin existed in citrus fruits has been shown to have anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-feedant, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory activities and anti-carcinogenic activities. But the clinical use is limited by its low bioavailability. The aim of this study is to observe the absorption and secretion transport mechanisms of limonin in intestine which can pave the way for the further study and clinical use. The transport characteristics and mechanisms of limonin in rat were studied by in situ intestine perfusion and in vitro Caco-2 cells method. The intestinal absorption of limonin was probably via a facilitated diffusion pathway which was poor and without segment-selection. Verapamil and ketoconazole improved the absorption remarkably according to the result of in vitro Caco-2 cells study; however, probenecid had no significant effect on the absorption. The P-gp efflux and CYP3A4 metabolism were involved in the poor intestinal absorption and low bioavailability of limonin. The exploration of the intestinal absorption mechanism is crucial to the design of dosage form and clinical use of limonin.

Adenoma ; Adult ; Ear Neoplasms ; Ear, Middle ; pathology ; Female ; Humans

Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Pneumoconiosis ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Organotin Compounds ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

AIM: To study the expression of Survivin and its relationship to prognosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: The expression of Survivin protein in 83 cases of HCC and their neighboring noncancerous tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of Survivin mRNA in 11 cases of HCC and their neighboring noncancerous tissues was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: Survivin protein expression was detected in 53 of 83 (63.9%) HCC tissues and 21 of 53 (39.6%) corresponding noncancerous tissues. 22 of 53 Survivin-positive HCCs (41.5%) showed punctate nuclear staining in HCC cells, 24 of 53 Survivin-positive HCCs (45.3%) showed cytoplasmic staining in HCC cells and the remaining 7 showed both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining. The positive rates of nuclear Survivin expression in cases of envelope invasion or tumor metastasis were significantly higher than those in cases without envelope invasion or tumor metastasis (P

Objective To explore the correlation between high-risk human papillomavirus(hr-HPV) viral load and severity of cervical lesion. Methods One thousand eight hundred and six women undergoing both hr-HPV DNA test by hybrid capture Ⅱ(HCⅡ) and colposcopic biopsy for histologic results were enrolled in this study.Correlation between hr-HPV viral load and pathological findings was investigated. Results Of 1 806 cases,641(35.5%) patients were positive for HPV DNA.23.2%(301/1299) of women with normal diagnosis had HPV infection,significantly lower than cervical lesion including cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN) and cervical cancer(P=0.000).Associations(odds ratio) among severity of cervical lesion and viral load were calculated.The significantly increased risk only existed between cervical cancer and CIN1 on high viral load(odds ratio,8.5;95% confidence interval,1.0-71.4;P=0.049).Furthermore,viral load values in CIN1,2,3 and cervical cancer were calculated and median analysis revealed non-significant difference(P=0.712). Conclusion The hr-HPV viral load can distinguish cervical lesion as CIN and cervical cancer from normal one,while the prediction of the severity of cervical lesion may be inadequate and need further investigations.

Objective To investigate the relationship between cross‐sectional area (CSA) and average CT value of posterior vertebral extensor group and bone mineral density(BMD) in postmenopausal women .Methods Totally 114 postmenopausal women being eligible for inclusion were enrolled .All the subjects ,ages range from 55 to 87 years old ,underwent quantitative computed tomography(QCT) scans from December 2015 to December 2016 in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital .The original image was transmitted to the image postprocessing workstation ,using Mindways QCT Pro software ,vertebral bone mineral density of L2-L4 were meas‐ured .CSA and average CT value of bilateral posterior vertebral muscles were measured by 2 diagnostic physicians in the L4 verte‐bral body horizontal axis CT images ,and analyzed respectively .Results Average CT values of posterior vertebral muscles between the left and the right side had a significant difference (P<0 .01) .The average CT value of bilateral posterior vertebral muscles was positively correlated with lumbar bone mineral density measured by QCT(P<0 .01) .There was no significant correlation between the CSA of posterior vertebral extensor group and BMD .Conclusion The loss of posterior vertebral muscle mass may be an impor‐tant risk factor for osteoporosis .The average CT value of posterior vertebral extensor group is more promising than CSA in the e‐valuation of the degenerative muscles .

Purpose:To study the activity of toremifene and its synergistic effect with anti-tumor drugs on human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549,which might be expected to provide a new mode of therapy for the clinical management of lung cancer.Methods:The cytotoxic effects of these agents on human lung cancer cell line A549 were measured by a tet- razolium-based volorimetric assay (MTT assay).Results:Toremifene can inhibit the growth of A549 cell directly.The A value of the low dose toremifene combined with anti-tumor drugs were lower than that of anti-tumor drugs alone.Toremifene combined with VCR,ADM,DDP and VP-16 showed better effects.Conclusions:Toremifene combined with chemotherapy drugs shows significant synergistic anti-tumor effect on A549 cell.This might provide experimental evidence for lung cancer therapy.