AIM: To compare the effect of trabeculectomy and combined surgery of glaucoma and cataract treating primary angle-closure glaucoma ( PACG) with cataract. METHODS: It was retrospectively reviewed that 80 patients (90 eyes) with PACG and cataract were treated in our hospital from January 2012 to October 2013. They were divided into observation group ( combined surgery of glaucoma and cataract group, 45 eyes ) and control group ( trabeculectomy group, 45 eyes) . Postoperatively, all the patients were followed up for 6mo. Intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , visual acuity and complications were observed.
RESULTS: Compared to preoperative IOP, postoperative IOP was significantly reduced in both observation group and control group, while IOP was reduced more greatly in observation group (P=0. 003). Visual acuity was significantly improved in observation group, while it was not improved significantly in control group ( P = 0. 036 ). Compared to control group, complications such as shallow anterior chamber with hypotony, macular edema and anterior chamber inflammation were less observed in observation group, with significant statistical difference ( P=0. 002, P=0. 003, P=0. 001).
CONCLUSION: For patients with PACG and cataract, combined surgery of glaucoma and cataract is an effective surgery that can improve visual acuity and reduce IOP with fewer complications.

Objective Study the useful effect of the subjective and objective assessmentscale in fungal‐rhino‐sinusitis (FRS) patients before and after endoscopic sinus surgery ,and thier transition rules .Methods Visual analog scale (VAS) ,sino‐nasal out‐come measures 20 (SNOT‐20) ,Lund‐Mackay CT score and Lund‐Kennedy nasal endoscopy score were used to prospective evaluate 130 cases of FRS patients at the time of before endoscopic sinussurgery ,the 3rd month and the6thmonth after survey ,and correla‐tion analysiswas took between the various scales .Results At the time ofbeforesurgery ,the 3rd month and the 6th month after the endoscopic sinus surgery ,the VAS ,SNOT‐20 ,Lund‐Mackay sinus CT scores and Lund‐Kennedy endoscopic score were significantly correlated (P< 0 .05) ,but At the time ofbeforesurgery ,VAS and Lund‐Kennedy nasal endoscopy scorehas no correlation(P>0 .05) .Except for SNOT‐20 scores at the time of 3rd month had relationship with preoperative scores(P<0 .05) ,there were no sig‐nificant relation of each scales that preoperative scores compared with 3rd month of 6th mouth(P> 0 .05) .The difference ofSNOT‐20 ,VAS ,Lund‐Kennedy nasal endoscopy scorewas statistically significant compared to each other at the time of 3rd month and the 6th month after surgery (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Subjective combined with objective scale can be a better response for patients be‐fore surgery ,which may be helpful for the choosing of operation time;combination of postoperative subjective evaluation with objec‐tive evaluation and following‐up ,may be a more effect way for patient to kmow the outcome after surgery .

Refractive surgery for myopia is a common operation and has been performed on millions of patients .Improved technology has increased the satisfaction of patients and physicians .Surgery must follow the basic requirements of medical ethics , to ensure the safety and best interests of the patients .The choice of procedure depends on individual patient indications and ocular exami -nations .Before the surgery , the opthalmologists must ensure that the patient understands the potential risk of the operation and has re -alistic expectations for the visual acuity postoperatively .

Objective:To study the influence of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA)on craniomaxillofacial development of C57 mice. Methods:Pregnant C57BL mice were divided into 4 groups(n =5)at gestation day (GD)1 0.Mice in three atRA-induction groups were given atRA of 60,80 and 1 00 mg/kg,respectively.The mice in control group were given the equivalent volume of corn oil.All pregnant mice were sacrificed at GD1 9 and the embryos were collected.Stereo microscope was used to observe the craniomaxillofacial morphology.Standardized radiographs were taken and cephalometric analysis was performed.Results:The embryonic body length and body mass of control group surpassed those of 80 and 1 00 mg/kg atRA groups(P <0.05,P <0.01 ).atRA induced craniomaxillofacial malformations and maldevelopment.The mice induced by atRA exhibited a shorter mandibular body and more retrusive position of max-illary and mandibular(∠NAK and ∠NBD)when compared with their norm(P <0.01 ).Significant decrease in craniofacial length (Op-Rh)was observed in all atRA-induced groups(P <0.01 ).Decreases in cranial vault height(Fp-Os)and cranial vault length(Pa-Na)dimensions were observed in 80 and 1 00 mg/kg atRA groups(P <0.05,P <0.01 ).Conclusion:Exogenous atRA dose-depend-ently induces retardation of craniomaxillofacial morphology in embryo of C57BL mice by inhibition of the sagital and vertical dimension development of the bone.

Objective Little is known about the role of low oxygen concentration in the formation of the capsule of Cryptococ -cus neoformans .This study was to investigate the effect of hypoxic condition on the capsule size of Cryptococcus neoformans . Methods We cultured 39 Cryptococcus neoformans strains in liquid Sabouraud medium and then incubated them at the normoxic (21%) and hypoxic concentration (1%), respectively.After 72 hours of incubation, we observed the capsules formed at different ox-ygen conditions under the Olympus microscope and the measured their sizes using the Axiovision software . Results Of the total number of Cryptococcus neoformans strains , 30 showed larger capsules in the normoxic than in the hypoxic condition , 17 with statisti-cally significant differences in their diameters (P<0.05), while the other 9 strains exhibited just the opposite results , 4 with statisti-cally significant differences in their diameters ( P<0.05). Conclusion Hypoxia might inhibit the growth of the Cryptococcus neoformans capsule.However, further studies are needed on its correlation with the serum or gene types of the Cryptococcus neofor-mans strain.

The IgG binding domain of Streptococcal Protein G which can selectively immobilizes the Fc regions of immunoglobulin G(IgG) is a kind of good material for oriented immobilization of antibodies in antibody microarrays.Here,genetically engineered three glutathione S-transferase(GST) fused proteins,bearing one,two and three B-Domains respectively(GST-GBx).The IgG-bindding ability of GST-GBx was investigated by ELISA.The data revealed that when the B-domain's quantity of GST-GBx is identical,the GST-GB3 is the most efficient protein among three GST-GBx protein both the capacity and sensibility of binding IgG.The GST-GB2 is the next one and GST-GB1 is the least one.Thus,the GST-GB3 has significantly predominance in comparison to GST-GB2 and GST-GB1.

Objective To clarify the relationship of p63 and CD44 expressions with age and ultraviolet irradiation in the process of skin aging.Methods Full-thickness skin samples were obtained from the normal skin at different sites,including 44 sun-exposed sites(face,neck,dorsal aspect of the forearm),46 sun-protected sites(abdomen,thigh),and 31 semi-exposed sites(back,flexor aspect of the forearm,upper arm,leg),of 121 volunteers(63 males and 58 females).Of all the volunteers,55 were 10 t0 30 vears of age (young),41 were 31 to 50 years of age(adult),and 25 were 51 to 79 years of age(old).Immunohistochemisty using antibodies to p63 and CD44 was applied to detect the expression of p63 and CD44 in these specimens.Imaging analysis software was utilized to calculate the percentage of p63-expressing cells in basal layer as well as the expression level of p63 and CD44.Results In stratum basale,the percentage of p63-expressing cells decreased with age(r=-0.218,P＜0.05),but showed no significant difference among sun-exposed skin,semi-exposed skin and sun-protected skin(P＞0.05).The correlation between the expression intensity of epidermal p63 and age was negative in sun-exposed sites(r=-0.389,P=0.010),positive in sun-protected sites(r=0.341,P＜0.05).but non-significant in semi-exposed sites(P＞0.05).With regard to the expression of epidermal p63,no significant difference was observed among sun-exposed sites,sun-protected sites and semi-exposed sites in volunteers aged from 10 to 30 years.while in those aged from 31 to 50 years and from 51 to 79 years.sun-protected sites was significantly higher than semi-exposed sites followed by sun-exposed sites(all P＜0.05).There was a weak correlation between the expression intensity of epidermal CD44 and age(r=-0.083,P＜0.05),but no significant difierence was noted among the three kinds of sites(P＞0.05).Conclusions In stratum basale,the percentage of p63.expressing cells and the expression intensity Of CD44 negatively correlate with age,but have no correlation with ultraviolet irradiation.In individuals aged from 31 to 50 years and from 51 t0 79 vears.the expression of epidermal p63 decreases with the accumulation of sun-exposure.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic stem cells can be differentiated into endocrine functioning cells under a suitable cultivation condition, suggesting that pancreatic stem cells can be used as a new source of islet in treating diabetes mellitus.OBJECTIVE: To discuss the expression of stem cell in different purities of pancreatic islets.DESING: A controlled observation based on cells.SETTING: Third People's Hospital of Mianyang City.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Center Laboratory (Key Laboratory of Chongqing City), the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from March 2005 to March 2006. Thirty healthy male SD rats, of clean grade, aged 50 days were used in this study. During the experiment, the disposal of animals corresponded to Animal Ethical Standard. Cytokeratin (CK)-19 and β-actin were designed by Shanghai Invitrogen Biological Co., Ltd.Brdu reagent, mouse anti-rat Brdu monoclonal antibody, rabbit anti-mouse (RAM) CK-19 polyclonal antibody and Brdu immunohistochemical kit were from Boster Co., Ltd. (Wuhan); HistostainTM -DS double immunohistochemical staining kit was purchased from Beijing Zhongshan Company.METHODS: Rats were intraperitoneally injected with Brdu for labeling, and subjected to perfusion with Ⅴ-type collagenase via pancreatic ducts, with pancreas being excised, ripped, beaten up, digested and centrifuged to obtain pancreatic islet sediments. After being precipitated, the sediments were divided into 3 groups. Group A: The isolated sediments of islets were not purified; Group B: The sediments were added slowly with 25% Ficoll-400 and Hanks solution for purification; Group C: The sediments were slowly added with 25% Ficoll-400, 11% Ficoll-400 for purification in order.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expressions of Brdu and CK-19-positive cells in the islet samples were detected by immunohistochemical method, and mRNA expression of CK-19 in the different purities of islets was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: ① The purity of islets in the group A was the lowest. The purity of islets obtained by different purification techniques showed significances among the three groups (F =89.42, P ＜ 0.05). ②Positive expressions of Brdu and CK-19 in the group A were significantly higher than those in the group B and group C (F =18.64, 22.12, 38.61. P ＜0.01). ③Expression of CK-19 mRNA in the group A was significantly higher than that in other groups, with group C showing the lowest.CONCLUSION: Expressions of Brdu and CK-19-positive cells exist in different purities of islets, suggesting the existence of more stem cells in the low purify of islets.

The fluorescence of Rhodamune B could be quenched by the manner of photo-unduced electron transfer wuth Cu2-x Se nanopartucles as the energy receptor and Rhodamune B as the energy donor. However, L-cysteune was capable of recoverung the fluorescence of Rhodamune B, and the fluorescence untensuty was proportuonal to the concentratuons of L-cysteune. Based on that, a novel method for detectung L-cysteune was establushed. After muxung L-cysteune and Rhodamune B pretreated by Cu2-x Se nanopartucles at pH 4. 6 and 30℃ for 2 mun, a lunear relatuonshup was obtauned between the fluorescence untensuty of Rhodamune B at 575 nm and the concentratuons of L-cysteune un the range of 2. 5 ×10-7-1. 1 ×10-6 mol/L. Thus method was used un the determunatuon of L-cysteune wuth a detectuon lumut (3σ/k) of 5. 5×10-8 mol/L. The common amuno acuds presented luttle unterference for the L-cysteune detectuon.

Aim Toinvestigatetheeffectofbencyclo-quidium bromide(BCQB)on mucus MUC5AC expres-sion induced by lipopolysaccharide in cultured human nasalepithelialcells(HNECs).Methods Primary culture of human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs)was randomly divided into control group (C,with no treat-ment),LPS group (LPS,with LPS 1 mg · L-1 added in),BCQB low dose group(BCQBL,with LPS 1 mg· L-1 and BCQB 10 -8 mol·L-1 added in),BCQB mid-dle dose group(BCQBM,with LPS 1 mg·L-1 and BC-QB 10 -7 mol·L-1 added in),BCQB high dose group (BCQBH,with LPS 1 mg·L-1 and BCQB 10 -6 mol· L-1 added in)and ipratropium bromide group(IB,with LPS 1 mg·L-1 and IB 10 -6 mol·L-1 added in).Af-ter incubation at 37 ℃with 5% CO2 for 24 h,the ex-pression of MUC5 AC mRNA was detected with Real-time PCR and the expression of MUC5 AC protein in HNECs was detected with Western blot,while the ex-pression of MUC5 AC protein in supernatant was detec-tedwithELISAineachgroup.Results Ascompared with control group,the expression of MUC5 AC mRNA and protein increased significantly in LPS group (each P<0. 01 ).As compared with LPS group,the expres-sion of MUC5 AC mRNA and protein decreased signifi-cantly in each group of BCQB(P<0. 01,P<0. 05), and there was no statistical difference between BCQB high dose group and control group (each P>0. 05 ). Conclusion Bencycloquidiumbromidecansuppress MUC5 AC expression induced by LPS in cultured hu-man nasal epithelial cells,indicating that BCQB may be a new drug for nasal mucous hypersecretion diseases.