Objective To investigate the renal protection of Chinese cobra venoms (CCV) and its mechanism in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Methods Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups. 0.1% CCV was separately infused into abdominal cavity at 0.5 h, 24 h before reperfusion in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ . Group Ⅲ suffered from kidney I/R was served as pathological control. Group Ⅳ was sham operation group. BUN and Scr were measured before ischemia and 24 h after reperfusion. Complement C3 was observed at 0, 0.5, 2, 24 h after reperfusion. The kidney samples were examined by HE stain under light microscopy. Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin in situ nick-end labeling(TUNEL). Results Significant histological damage, apoptosis of tubular cell and impaired renal function were found in group Ⅰ and Ⅲ.The above indexes decreased to a less extend in group Ⅱ (P

Purpose To study clinical pathological significance of the expression of PTEN, p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) in breast carcinoma and their correlation. Methods Immunohistochemical MaxVision method was used to detect the expres-sion of PTEN, p53, EGFR in 209 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast and 40 cases of benign breast diseases. Results The over-expression rate of PTEN, p53 and EGFR protein in breast carcinoma was 57. 9%, 55. 0% and 38. 3% respectively, which was significantly different from those in benign breast diseases (P<0. 05). The expression of PTEN, p53 and EGFR in breast cancer was correlated with tumor size, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, ER status, PR status and molecular subtype (P<0. 05). There was an association between PTEN or p53 and TNM stage, PTEN or EGFR and HER-2 status. There was a negative correlation in the protein expression of PTEN vs EGFR or PTEN vs p53 (P<0. 01). There was a positive correlation between EGFR and p53 protein ex-pression (P=0. 000). The expression of PTEN or EGFR was correlated with the prognosis of breast cancer, but not independent prog-nostic factors. The survival rate of patients with PTEN- /p53 + /EGFR+ was lower than those with other combined expression of PTEN/p53/EGFR (P=0. 008). Conclusions Low or loss expression of PTEN, p53 mutation and EGFR over-expression may be coordinate-ly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of breast cancer. The combined detection of these markers may play an important role in making treatment and indicating prognosis for breast cancer patients.

Objective To observe the effects of velcade on inflammatory reaction and cell apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion injury, and to explore the neuroprotective mechanism of velcade.Methods The 15 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, physiological saline control group and velcade-treated group (n= 5, each). The model of temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was applied and reperfused after 2 hours. Immediately after the reperfusion, all rats were performed intraperitoneal injection with velcade 0. 2 mg/kg in velcadetreated group, and with the same volume of physiological saline in control group. After 24 hours, the rats were decapitated in all groups. The apoptosis cells were found by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and the expressions of nuclear factor-κBp65 (NF-κBp65) and interleukinh-1β (IL-1β) were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The immunologically positive cells of NF-κBp65, IL-1β and apoptosis cells were occasionally found in shamoperated group [(1.21 ± 0. 16)/400 power, (11.56 ± 0. 99)/400 power and (2. 88 ± 0. 27)/400 power], while a lot of immunologically positive cells of NF-κBp65, IL-1β and apoptosis cells were found in velcade-treated group and control group. The control with compared group, these cells were significantly more in the velcade-treated group [(56.28± 1.95)/400 power vs. (29. 76±2.53)/400 power, (47. 64±2.06)/400 power vs. (29.6±1. 61)/400 power and (51. 05±4. 23)/400 power vs.(33.44±2.06)/400 power, all P＜0. 05]. Conclusions The velcade could decrease the expressions of the NF-κBp65 and IL-1β and diminish the neuronal apoptosis. The neuroprotective mechanism of velcade may lie in decreasing apoptosis through inhibiting inflammation.

Objective To investigate the dynamic expression of mRNA and protein of surfactant protein C (SPC),E-cadherin (E-cad),N-cadherin (N-cad) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and elucidate the significance of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a newborn rat model of Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).Methods A newborn rat model of BPD in hyperoxia was established,and a control group exposed to air was established.Lung tissue was collected on days 3,7,14,and 21,respectively.Alveolar development was evaluated by radical alveolar counts(RAC),including thickness of alveolar septum,ratio of alveolar and septa.Real-time PCR and Western-blot were used to detect levels of markers of epithelial cells (SPC,E-cad) and interstitial cells (N-cad,α-SMA) in AT2 and protein expression.Results On day 7,14,and 21,compared with the control group,RAC (7.38 ± 0.92,9.25 ± 0.70,9.88 ± 0.99) and alveolar area/pulmonary septal area ratios (A/S) (2.53 ± 0.02,3.34 ± 0.09,3.96 ± 0.13) were all higher in BPD group [RAC (5.88 ± 0.83,5.14 ± 0.83,4.38 ± 0.52) and A/S (1.88 ± 0.03,1.95 ± 0.03,1.89 ± 0.02)] (all P ＜ 0.05) ; the alveolar septum (8.53 ± 0.04,10.75 ± 0.46,13.55 ± 0.84) in BPD group were thicker than those (5.77 ± 0.09,4.40 ± 0.12,3.67 ± 0.18) in the control group (all P ＜ 0.01).The expressions of SPC and α-SMA in BPD group were significantly higher than those in the control group on day 14 and 21 (all P ＜ 0.05).The level of E-cad mRNA (2.43 ± 0.60,2.59 ± 0.48,3.37 ± 0.53) and protein (18.39 ± 1.77,18.29 ± 1.52,11.48 ± 1.72) for E-cad were higher in the control group than those (mRNA:1.48 ± 0.55,1.57 ± 0.48,1.12 ± 0.45 ;protein:9.50 ± 1.38,8.57 ± 1.06,8.22 ± 1.31) in BPD group was lower(P ＜ 0.05),while the level of N-cad was significantly higher(P ＜ 0.05) on day 7,14,and 21.Conclusions In the development of BPD,the markers of lung epithelial cells were down regulation,while the markers of interstitial cells were up-regulation,and these findings suggest that EMT from lung epithelial cells contributes to the occurrence of BPD.

Objective:To examine the plasma soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R)and the expression of IFN-γR in helper T (Th)cells in peripheral blood of patients with recurrent oral ulcer(ROU).Methods:The peripheral blood was obtained from 21 pa-tients in active stage of ROU and 21 healthy controls.Flow cytometry was used to detect the quantity of IFN-γR in CD +4 T cells,ELISA was used to detect the level of sIL-2R.Results:The expression of IFN-γR in CD +4 T cells and sIL-2R content in plasma of the patients with ROU were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls(P <0.05).Conclusion:Over expression of IFN-γR in CD +4 T cells and sIL-2R in peripheral blood may be related to the genesis of ROU.

Objective To investigate the expression of occludin in the intestinal epithelial cells of neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC) . The influence of vitamin D on NEC and the expression of occludin was also explored. Methods Sixty neonatal Wistar rats from different litters were divided into four groups 48 hours after birth:10 in the breast-fed+ control group,10 in the breast-fed +vitamin D group,20 in the NEC+ control group and 20 in the NEC+ vitamin D group. In groups with NEC,neonatal rats were sep-arated from their mothers and treated with rat milk substitute+hypoxia+hypothermia. In groups with vitamin D treatment,paricalcitol was given through intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes before,one day and two days after the induction of NEC. The tissue was harvested from the ileum of the rats 72 hours after induction of NEC. Microscopically,the tissue was assessed according to the Nadler scoring system. The expression and location of occludin was observed after immunofluorescence staining. Western blotting was performed and quantified to compare the expression of occludin among groups. Results In NEC rats,the intestinal structure was destructed. Separation of the submucosal or muscular layer,discharge or disappearance of the villa was accompanied by necrosis of the intestinal cells. Vitamin D treatment could significantly alleviate those chan-ges,with the Nadler score 1. 70 ± 0. 21 compared to 2. 90 ± 0. 23 without vitamin D treatment ( P<0. 01 ) . The expression of occludin was decreased in NEC rats and vitamin D could partly rescue this decrease (P<0. 01). The distribution of occludin was sparse and discontinuous in NEC rats while after vitamin D treatment,the distribution was maintained even and continuous. Conclusion The expression of occludin in intestinal epithelial cells is significantly reduced in NEC rat. Vitamin D treatment may inhibit the development of NEC by maintaining the expression of occludin.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the dissolution determination of Benidipine hydrochloride tablets.METHODS:According to Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 edition),Benidipine hydrochloride tablets were added into hydrochloride acid 0.1 mo?lL-1 at rotation speed of 50 r?min-1,then samples were obtained after 30 min.The absorbance of samples was detected at detection wavelength of 359 nm and accumulative dissolution was calculated.RESULTS:The linear range of benidipine hydrochloride was 5～30?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9)with an average recovery of 99.76%(RSD=0.47%).The accumulative dissolutions of 3 batches of samples were all above 80%.CONCLUSIONS:Established method is simple and reliable for the dissolution determina-tion of Benidipine hydrochloride tablets.

Objective To discuss the establishment of gastric ulcer liver depression syndrome rat model and the therapeutical effects of electroacupuncture. Methods As the result of Open-field experimental method, 60 SPF male SD rats were selected as experimental animals. After 7 days of adaptive feeding, 60 rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, model control group, and electoracupuncture group, 15 rats in each group. Except for the blank group, the other three groups were stimulated by chronic unpredictable stimulation to establish rat depression model. Then model control group was once again stimulated by chronic unpredictable stimulation for 13 days;electoracupuncture group was treated at Gan Shu (BL18) and Liang Qiu (ST34) acupoints for 13 days. General state of rats, Open-field experimental results and gastric ulcer index were observed. BDNF was measured by RT-PCR. GAS content was measured by ELISA. Results After modeling for 21 days, except for the blank group, the other three groups appeared listlessness, limb weakness, and fur dry and lose luster, appetites reduced, etc. After modeling for 34 days, compared with model group, model control group had more severe general state than model group. After acupuncture treatment, the general state of acupuncture group was improved. The horizontal and vertical activity sore in model group decreased significantly compared with the blank group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the horizontal and vertical activity sore in model control group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and increased significantly in the electroacupuncture group (P<0.01). Ulcer index in the model group increased significantly compared with the blank group (P<0.01). Ulcer index in the model control group increased significantly compared with the model group (P<0.01). Ulcer index in electroacupuncture group decreased significantly (P<0.01). BDNF mRNA expression in hippocampus of model group decreased significantly compared with the blank group (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the BDNF mRNA expression in hippocampus of model control group decreased significantly (P<0.05). The BDNF mRNA expression in the electroacupuncture group increased significantly (P<0.01). The GAS content in the model group increased significantly compared with the blank group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the GAS content in the model control group increased significantly (P<0.05). The GAS content in the electroacupuncture group decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion The establishment of depressive rat gastric ulcer model which combining disease and syndrome together proves the feasibility of this animal experimental model. Electroacupuncture for Gan Shu (BL18) and Liang Qiu (ST34) can improve the efficacy of this model.

AlM: To explore the clinical significances and changes of related parameters of corneal endothelial cell in keratouveitis patients before and after treatment.
METHODS:Fifty-two keratouveitis patients ( 52 eyes ) diagnosed and treated in our hospital from October 2012 to December 2013 were collected. Before and after treatment, the related parameters of corneal endothelial cell in all patients were measured with non - contact corneal specular microscope and these parameters were statistically analyzed.
RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, obvious endothelial cell edema and great variation was observed in diseased group. The shorter duration of treatment, the better the recovery of endothelial cells and the fewer cells lose. Conversely, the longer the healing of normal hexagonal cell ratio was smaller, the larger the coefficient of variation. Before and after treatment, the differences of each parameter were statistical significance (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSlON: The functional recovery of corneal endothelial cell has directly relation with disease times.

?AIM: To discuss the application of anterior segment optic coherence tomography ( AS-OCT ) in the diagnosis of corneal ulcer.?METHODS: The cross linear scan was used in 88 patients ( 88 eyes ) with corneal lesion by AS-OCT to gather the image data, observe the pathological changed tissue by measuring all layers for patients with initial inspection, providing important visual images and data for treatments. All the patients were followed up for 2mo.?RESULTS:Clear images with structure of all layers were obtained. It can provide the intuitive image data and scan the same position and show the changes during the treatment.?CONCLUSION: AS-OCT can discover the important condition immediately. It also can monitor course of disease dynamically, provide the intuitive image data for clinical treatment.