Adolescent ; Attention ; drug effects ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Child ; Electroencephalography ; drug effects ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Psychomotor Performance ; Treatment Outcome

In the basis of a large amount of literatures, this article sumed up the characteristics and application of eggshell membrane.

Objective:To understand the characteristics and practice of standardized training for resident in psychiatric department,providing a reference for other hospitals in the similar situation.Methods:Using qualitative method,in-depth interview and focus group interview were carried out with clinical teaching and teaching management experts of a tertiary hospital,to understand the characteristics,practice,and deficiencies of resident doctors standardized training for psychiatrists.Results:Focusing on clinical operation,psychotherapy,and communication capability were the major characteristics of resident doctors' standardized training for psychiatrists in this hospital.Though this hospital did positive trials on guarantee system improvement,outpatient and inpatient training combination,and training content expansion,it was not perfect enough in united training and training pattern.Conclusions:The psychiatry resident's standardized training for psychiatrists should establish complete standards of performance for united training,strengthen training mechanism and training mode,and make full use of modem distance education resources to further improve quality of the psychiatric residency training.

AIM(+/-) Ibuprofen sugar derivatives were prepared in order to decrease side-effects and increase bioavailability of (+/-) ibuprofen.

METHODSThe synthesis of derivatives were performed using 1,2:3, 4-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-galactopyranose, 1,3,4,5-tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-amino-beta-D-gluctopyranose, 3,4 6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-N-acetyl-beta-D-gluctosylamine and 2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-hepta-O-acetyl-beta-D-lactosylamine as glycosyl donors, respectively. Target products (4, 7, 12a, 12b, 13) were obtained after deprotection.

RESULTSFive compounds (4, 7, 12a, 12b, 13) were synthesized as new compounds. The structures of all objective compounds were confirmed by 1HNMR, 13CNMR, HMQC, COSY, IR and MS.

CONCLUSIONIt was found that 12a showed better anti-inflammatory activity than (+/-) ibuprofen.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; chemical synthesis ; therapeutic use ; Ibuprofen ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; therapeutic use ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Random Allocation

OBJECTIVETo assess the association of the A260G and A386G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the DAZL gene with male infertility in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province.

METHODSWe collected the peripheral blood samples from 317 idiopathic infertile males with azoospermia or oligozoospermia and 246 normal fertile men, and genotyped the polymorphic loci of the A260G and A386G polymorphisms of the DAZL gene using the SNaPshot technique.

RESULTSThe DAZL gene A260G was found genetically polymorphic in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province, with the gene frequencies and their distribution consistent to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The frequencies of the AA, AG and GG genotypes of the A260G polymorphism were 92.3%, 7.3%, and 0.4% respectively in the normal controls and 94.3%, 5.7%, and 0% in the infertile patients, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.43, OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.413-1.46). Heterozygosis (AG) of A386G was found in 1 of the control males but not in the infertile patients, while homozygosis (GG) of A386G was not observed in either group (P = 0.259, OR = 0.698, 59% CI: 0.374-1.306).

CONCLUSIONA260G and A386G SNPs of the DAZL gene are not associated with spermatogenic failure and neither represents a molecular marker for the genetic diagnosis of male infertility in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Azoospermia ; genetics ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Markers ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Oligospermia ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics

As a novel transdermal drug delivery technology of minimally invasive, safe and efficient, microneedles have received increasing attention. The microchannels formation by microneedles onto the skin is a prerequisite and key for microneedles to deliver drugs. However, there is still a lack of systematic evaluation in skin microchannels. This review summarized influencing factors and evaluation methods in microchannels formation and healing by microneedles, including geometric parameters, materials for preparation, drugs, penetration parameters, differences among the skin of subjects, and presence or absence of occlusion. This review provides reference for other scholars to further study the effectiveness and security of microneedle applications.

Objective To survey the knowledge level of atrial fibrillation (AF) among general practitioners (GPs) in Shanghai Pudong New Area.Methods From July to September 2016,a stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect questionnaires from GPs who met the inclusion criteria in 12 community health service centers in Shanghai Pudong New Area.A self-made questionnaire was applied according to Current knowledge and management recommendations of atrial fibrillation-2015,which included 5 domains:antithrombotic therapy,rhythm control,ventricular rate control and evaluation of the guideline.Results A total of 377 questionnaires were distributed,and 371 were recovered.Among 371 participants there were 151 males and 220 females aged (41.3±8.3) years,including 156 (42.0％) with junior professional titles,158 (42.6％) with intermediate titles,and 57 (15.4％) with senior titles.More than 90％ of participants recognized that age,hypertension,myocardial infarction,and heart valve disease were risk factors of AF.For patient evaluation,54.2％ (201/371) of participants would use electrocardiogram,47.9％ (1 78/371) would use thyroid function,21.0％ (78/371) would use echocardiography,3.2％ (12/371) would use respiratory sleep monitoring,and 95.4％ (354/371) did not heard of cardiovascular implantable electronic devices.82.2％ (305/ 371) of participants thought rheumatic mitral stenosis,46.4％ (172/371) thought CHA2DS2-VASc score over and 2 and 12.7％ (47/371) thought hypertrophic cardiomyopathy as indications for anticoagulant;and 38.5％ (143/371) of participants rarely used CHA2DS2-VASc.The rhythm conversion would applied for the onset of atrial fibrillation in 42.9％ participants (159/371),for symptoms after the control of ventricular rate in 39.9％ (148/371) participants and for symptomatic patients in 12.7％ participants (47/371).59.8％ (222/371) of participants did not know the anticoagulation therapy for AF cardioversion,44.5％ (165/371) participants had not heard radiofrequency ablation for AF.38.5％ (143/371) of participants knew the Chinese guidelines for AF,of which 45.5％ (65/143) of the GPs used the guidelines;80.4％ (115/143) of the GPs thought the guide was very instructive.GPs with senior professional titles had better mastery of clinical evaluation,antithrombotic therapy,catheter ablation,and awareness of guideline than junior and middle-level general practitioners.Conclusion The survey shows that there is relative lack of knowledge on the risk factors,clinical assessment methods,anticoagulation indications and cardioversion anticoagulation therapy of AF,as well as lack of awareness and application of the AF guideline for GPs in Shanghai Pudong New Area.

Objective To analyze the status of the treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF) in a community health service center in Shanghai Pudong New Area. Methods Clinical data of all patients with AF attended in Hudong Community Health Service Center of Shanghai Pudong from August 2016 to August 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The gender,age,smoking history,drinking history,concomitant diseases, antithrombotic therapy, rhythm control, ventricular rate control drugs, health education, needs for setting up AF clinics in the community were analyzed. Result The study included 220 patients,with average age of (59.7±10.4) years; 34.1％(75/220)patients had hypertension and the blood pressure was controlled in 41.3％(31/75); 20.5％(45/220)patients had diabetes mellitus and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)was controlled well in 26.7％(12/45). Three cases of mitral stenosis were treated with warfarin anticoagulation. Among 217 patients without valvular atrial fibrillation,157 had thromboembolic risk score≥2,20.4％ (32/157) of whom used warfarin anticoagulation,10.8％ (17/157) used new oral anticoagulant (NOAG) and 58.1％ (91/157) had never used warfarin or NOAG anticoagulation. The reasons were as follows:doctors did not prescribe (41.9％, 39/91),patients did not accept (35.2％,32/91), and so on. There were 21.8％ (48/220) of patients undergoing drug cardioversion,and 5.9％ (13/220) undergoing electrical cardioversion. For control of ventricular rate, 55.9％ (123/220) patients used beta blockers,13.6％ (30/220) used non?dihydropyridine calcium antagonists, and 23.6％ (52 / 220) used digitalise. Less than 55％ of patients were given health education of physical exercise,weight management and medicine use. For AF clinic in community hospital,56.8％ (125/220) of patients needed,and 17.3％ (38/220) very need; 50.0％ (110/220) patients trusted and 12.3％ (27/220) very trusted in anticoagulation management in community hospitals. Conclusion The anticoagulant rate is relatively low, treatment of concomitant diseases is less satisfactory and the health education might be incomplete in the community surveyed in this study.

From January 2013 to January 2015, 19 patients of traumatic hemothorax with hemorrhagic shock were treated in our department by thoracoscopic surgery combined with autologous blood transfusion. This study retrospectively analyzed the therapeutic effect and shared our experience. The average amount of blood transfused back was 662.41 ml ± 269.15 ml. None of the patients developed transfusion reaction and were all discharged uneventfully. Thoracoscopic surgery combined with autologous blood trans- fusion is effective in the rescue of patients with progressive hemothorax and hemorrhagic shock. When corresponding indications are well managed, treatment for these patients is quicker, safer, and more effective.
Blood Transfusion, Autologous ; Female ; Hemothorax ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracic Injuries ; surgery ; Thoracoscopy ; methods

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics