Objective To investigate the influence of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) on life quality of patients with common bile duct stones. Methods The life quality of 35 patients, who underwent ERCP because of common bile duct stones, were assessed by GIQLI questionnaires before, 2 and 6 weeks after the procedure. Results The mean GIQLI score of patients before ERCP was 99. 9, which was significantly increased to 112. 2 and 121.9 at 2 and 6 weeks after ERCP (P ＜0. 01 ). At 6weeks after ERCP, the GIQLI score was similar to that of normal population. Conclusion ERCP can improve the life quality of patients with common bile duct stones.

Some problems were settled in making permanent slide for predacious nematode fungi by slide cultivation and cotton blue stain. Method of small-hole culture covered with slides could obtain high quality images, which solved the problem that trapping device couldn't be observed with high-power microscopes and oil-immersion microscopes. Scraping slide technique improved the method of making temporary slides.

Objective To survey symptom occurrence degree of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients,and its related factors,and to provide a basis for clinical symptom management. Methods A total of 142 MHD patients were selected with convenience sampling method from a hospital in Ningxia from July 2015 to September 2015 and investigated with the Dialysis Symptom Index ,the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the family Adaptation,Partnership,Growth,Affection and Resolve(APGAR)Scale. Results The occurrence rate of various symptoms ranged from 53.5%to 92.3%. Fatigue(92.3%),itching(86.6%)and dry skin(85.9%)were the top three prevalent symptoms. Fatigue (30.3%),difficulty falling asleep (27.5%),hyposexuality (27.5%) and trouble in sleeping deeply(27.5%)were the most serious symptoms.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that gender,nationality,sleep quality,combining with hypertension and arrhythmia had significant influence on the occurrence degree of symptom in MHD patients(P < 0.05). Conclusion Symptoms in MHD patients are preva-lent. Efficient symptom management should be performed to improve the quality of life of MHDpatients.

Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Health Policy ; Leadership ; Occupational Health Services ; organization & administration

Objective To study the treatment of the chronic calcaneus osteomyelitis combined with skin ulcers or defects of the posterior heel following internal fixation for calcaneal fractures.Methods From February 1999 to June 2005,17 cases of calcaneus osteomyelitis combined with skin ulcers or defects following internal fix- ation for their calcaneal fractures were treated with elimination of infection focuses and dead spaces,tissue trans- plants and continuous irrigation.Skin flaps or myocutaneous flaps were used to repair heel ulcers or defects and to fill the dead spaces.Drainage and irrigation tubes were placed into the flap covered areas to carry out the continuous irrigation.Results All the cases were followed up for 3 to 36 months(mean,25 months).All the grafts survived without recurrence of calcaneus osteomyelitis.Their posterior heels regained fair appearance.Thirteen cases obtained fine sensory recovery and friction tolerance and could walk with weight-bearing.Conclusion Calcaneus os- teomyelitis can be cured by simply and effectively tissue transplants and continuous irrigation,which can provide adequate anti-infection and improve blood circulation.

Objective To explore the changes of human mitochondrial COXI,ND1 and ND6 genes expression induced by ionizing irradiation.Methods Changes of human COXI,ND1 and ND6 gene expression were detected by RT-PCR and Real-time PCR 8 h after the irradiation in human lymphoblastoid cell lines,which were exposed to 1-10 Gy 60Co γ-rays.And the dose-effect relationships between expression changes of the genes and the doses were analyzed.The changes of these three genes expression were also analyzed at different post-radiation time-points between 0.5 h and 72 h after irradiation of 5 Gy in order to explore the time-effect.Results The expression of three genes COXI,ND1 and ND6,showed either the dose-effect or the time-effect after irradiation.The gene expression levels of three genes up-regulated generally and the peak change time-point was 4 h after irradiation.Conclusion Ionizing radiation,msht induce the changes of mitochondrial gene expression,and the gene expression level is up-regulated.

BACKGROUND: Non-invasive vascular ultrasound is used to assess in tima-media thickness (IMT) and atheromatous plaque, of which the result is better correlated to that of pathological examination. OBJECTIVE: Non-invasive vascular ultrasound was used to assess the hemodynamical changes of external and internal carotid in hypertensive elders, so as to investigate the relationship between pulse pressures, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), vascular resistance index (VRI) and shearing ratio. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled, correlative analyzedstudy. SETTING: Ultrasound Department of Affiliated Hospital of Jiangshu University. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 54 hypertensive elders, including 33 males and 21 females, were recruited from the Ultrasound Department of Affiliated Hospital of Jiangshu University, from September 30th 2000 to March 30th 2002. Meanwhile 26 normotensive elders (systolic pressure ＜ 130 mm Hg and/or diastolic pressure ＜ 85 mm Hg), including 16 males and 10 females, were selected as controls, METHODS: Color duplex blood flow imaging technique was used to assess the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and the interventricular septum thickness (IVST), so as to calculate the LVMI. The insiddiameter of bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid,IMT, the systolic peak flow velocity and resistance index were measured in order to calculate the vascular shearing ratio and atheromatous plaque index,moreover arterial pressure, LVMI, as well as resistance index and shearing ratio were subjected to linear correlative analysis,of which the results were compared with that of control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Pulse pressure, LVMI and atheromatous plaque index of CCA. ② The inside diameter of bilateral CCA and internal carotid, IMT and the systolic peak flow velocity and resistance index were measured in order to calculate the atheromatous plaque index and maximum vascular shearing ratio. RESULTS: According to the experimental objective,data of all 80 cases were analyzed without loss. ① The pulse pressure and LVMI, the incidence of atheromatous plaque and plaque index of CCA in hypertensive elder group were obviously higher than that of control group [(64.36±7.44) mm Hg,(45.78±8.72) mm Hg; (131.47±18.73) g/m2, (83.28±12.34) g/m2; 5.62 ±1.78,3.44±1.10; 66.7％, 23.1％, (x2=13.37, t=5.730-13.234, P ＜ 0.01)]. ② The inside diameter of bilateral CCA and internal carotid, IMT and resistance index in hypertensive elders were significantly higher than that of control group [CCA: (8.96±1.20) mm, (8.08±0.96) mm; (1.28±0.88) mm, (0.91±0.17) mm;0.75±0.05, 0.69±0.06; ICA: (6.82±1.12) mm, (5.72±0.92) mm; (1.06±0.17) mm,(0.76±0.15) mm; 0.70±0.07, 0.64±0.06, t=2.872-10.850, P ＜ 0.01], but the systolic peak flow velocity and shearing ratio were markedly lower than that of control group [CCA: (47.44±12.85) cm/s, (60.20±14.32) cm/s;(225.78 ±95.76)/s, (300.26 ±110.42)/s. ICA: (41.22 ±10.18) cm/s,(48.64±11.58) cm/s; (268.54±112.56)/s, (324.52±121.42)/s, t=2.872-10.850, P ＜ 0.01]. ③ The pulse pressure, LVMI, the resistance index of CCA and ICA and shearing ratio were linearly correlated (r=0.30-0.36, P ＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION: Pulse pressure and LVMI were found increased in hypertensive elders, together with carotid vessels dilated, IMT and resistance index increased, as well as shearing ratio decreased, atheromatous plaque formed, vascular stiffness increased, which resulted in consequently decrease of vascular compliance.

Objective To investigate the value of measurement of cardiac output in children by bio-reactance versus echocardiography.Methods Pediatric patients admitted in pediatric department of Peking University First Hospital from September to December 2012 who needed hemodynamic monitoring were enrolled prospectively.Cardiac index(CI)and stroke volume(SV)were measured by echocardiography and non-invasive cardiac output measurement(NICOM)and compared by Spearman correlation and Bland-Alt-man analysis.Results Thirty patients were included.The median age was 7.25 years.CI[M(P5 ,P95 )] measured by NICOM and echocardiography were correlated significantly[3.42(2.28,4.92)L /(min?m2 ) vs.3.51 (2.94,4.85 )L/(min?m2 ),R =0.385,P =0.035 ].Bland-Altman analysis revealed a bias of-0.22 L/(min?m2 )(P =0.051 ),limits of agreement of -1.40 to 0.95 L/(min?m2 ).SV[M(P5 ,P95 )] measured by NICOM and echocardiography were correlated more significantly [36.3 (12.6,87.8 )ml vs.39.4(14.7,86.9)ml,R =0.768,P ﹤0.001 ].Bland-Altman analysis revealed a bias of -3.1 ml(P =0.176),limits of agreement of -27.4 to 21.2 ml.Conclusion There is no significant difference between NICOM and echocardiography for the measurement of CI and SV in pediatric patients.Further validation studies need to be conducted before routine clinical use.

[Objective]To explore the mechanism of nucleoplasty combined with oxygen-ozone for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation，and to evaluate its therapeutic effects.[Method]From June 2005 to June 2006，62 patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated by nueleoplasty combined with oxygen-ozone，34 were male and 28 were female，ranging in age from 32 to 76 years，with an average of 53.4 years.The course of this disease ranged from 3 to 56 months，meanly 1.3 years.Thirteen patients had the herniation at L4.5 and L3，4，thirty two patients at L4、5，eight patients at L4、5 and L5S1，and nine patients at L5S1.The curative effect was assessed by using a modified MacNab method.[Result]After 25～35 months'follow-up，there were no servious complications in all 62 cases.According to modified MacNab assessment，50 cases(80.7%)achieved excellent outcomes，8 cases(12.9%)good，2 cases(3.2%)fair and 2 cases(3.2%)poor.The excellent and good rate was 93.5%.[Conclusion]The micro-invasive technique of nueleoplasty combined with oxygen-ozone is effective in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation，and it has maximized the clinical effect and minimized the local damage：it also expanded adaptive cases with lumbar disc herniation and enlarged the applicable scope of minimally invasive technique in treating lumbar disc hemiation.

Objective To explore the effects of PP242 on the expression of apoptosis protein Bcl?2 in human lens epithelial cells(HLECs). Meth?ods Immortal HLECs SRA01/04 were cultured and treated with different concentrations of PP242. The cell growth was examined by MTT assay at 24 h and 48 h after PP242 treatment. Real?time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT?PCR)and Western blot were adopted to detect the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl?2 respectively. Results The cultured HLECs SRA01/04 were collected and treated with different concentra?tions(100,250,500,750,1 000,1 500 nmol/L)of PP242. After treatment for 24 h and 48 h,the inhibitory rate in each well was determined by MTT assay. The inhibition rate was as below,24 h:7.55%,9.43%,16.98%,22.64%,26.42%,30.19%;48 h:11.11%,23.81%,36.51%,42.86%, 49.21%,63.49%. Compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared with the control group(0 nmol/L),the expression of Bcl?2 protein was significantly decreased with the increasing concentrations of PP242(P<0.05),while the expression of Bcl?2 mRNA was inhibited by PP242 based on the results of RT?PCR. Compared with the control group(0 nmol/L),the RT?PCR results of Bcl?2 mRNA were 0.723±0.039,0.517±0.028,0.353±0.052,0.167±0.046,respectively(P<0.05). Conclusion PP242 could inhibit cell proliferation of HLECs in vitro with a concentration and time depended manner. Bcl?2 protein is expressed in HLECs,which could be down regulated by PP242 treatment.