The experiment was designed to study the mechanism of increasing efficiency of Ligustrum lucidum steamed with wine. Rats in vivo with gastrointestinal perfusion model were used. The contents of salidroside and specnuezhenide in the fluid of gastrointestinal perfusion of rats were measured by HPLC at different time points after dosing. Then the K(a) and absorption percentage were calculated. Specnuezhenide could be detected in the fluid of gastrointestinal perfusion of specnuezhenide. The K(a) of the specnuezhenide and salidroside in the fetal intestines are 0.055 3 and 0.144 2 h(-1) respectively and the total absorptivity are 24.46% and 60.14% respectively after 4 hours. The K(a) in the stomach are 5.70 and 8.26 h(-1) respectively and the total absorptivity are 34.21% and 47.23% respectively after 4 hours. The experiment proved that specnuezhenide can be metabolized into salidroside which is more beneficial for gastrointestinal absorption. The experiment proved that specnuezhenide can be metabolized into salidroside both in the rat's stomach and the fetal intestine and compared with the specnuezhenide salidroside is more conducive to gastrointestinal absorption. The results suggested that the increasing efficiency on liver and kidney of L. lucidum steamed with wine has business with the fact that Specnuezhe nide is more conducive to the body after it is changed into salidroside.
Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; metabolism ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Phenols ; chemistry ; Pyrans ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To understand the evaluation on graduates' professional quality from the employment institutions,and to provide the references for the higher vocational schools in improving students' training model and strengthening students' professional quality. Methods The questionnaires designed independently were answered by the employment institutions hiring 2003-2005 four majors(namely nursing,laboratory science,dental technology,optometry) graduates from Shanghai Institute of Health Sciences. Results The overall evaluation of employment institutions on the graduates was quite good,but the evaluation on graduates' professional ability was low. Conclusion With strengthening the student' specialized knowledge and skill training,higher vocational schools must pay more attention to the students' professional ability education.

By using whole blood selenium, 24 hr urinary selenium and hair selenium contents as the indices of assessing human selenium status, it was found that the populations in the endemic areas of Keshan disease were practically in a selenium poor status. The selenium contents in locally grown staple grains and daily diets in the endemic areas were also lower than those in the non-endemic areas. In an area covering a cross section of Keshan disease geographic belt in our country, the hair selenium contents of agricultural populations were measured. The results indicated that all the hair selenium contents in the endemic sites were always at a lower level, whereas those in the non-endemic sites distant from the endemic areas were generally at a higher level; they decreased gradually until the endemic areas were reached; and finally, along the contiguous region of the endemic and non-endemic areas they were insignificantly different.The hair selenium contents among the agricultural populations were significantly lower than those among the non-agricultural ones in the same endemic areas. However, no regular correlation had been observed between the seasonal prevalence of Keshan disease and the variation of hair selenium contents in the same populations living in the same endemic sites.It is considered that the endemic areas of the disease seem to be a Se-deficiency belt, and Se-deficiency probably might be a pathogenic geo-gen in the prevalence of Keshan disease.

Bacterial Translocation ; physiology ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; pathology ; physiology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; metabolism ; physiology ; Liver Failure, Acute ; etiology ; immunology ; physiopathology ; Lymphocytes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Macrophages ; immunology ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; genetics ; physiology ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism ; physiology

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; pathology ; Aged ; Appendectomy ; methods ; Appendiceal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Appendicitis ; pathology ; Appendix ; pathology ; Carcinoid Tumor ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male

Glutathione is a tripeptide comprised by L-glutamate, L-cysteine, and glycine, that serves antioxygenation and deintoxication functions within the cell. Recent study has found that glutathione is the main driving force for bile salt-independent bile flow, impaired biliary excretion of glutathione can lead to cholestasis. This review focuses on hepatobiliary transport of glutathione and its role in cholestasis. Based on the evidence of choleretic effect of glutathione, enhancement of biliary excretion of glutathione may be a good strategy for prevention and treatment of cholestasis.
Animals ; Biological Transport ; Cholestasis ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Estrogens ; adverse effects ; Glutathione ; metabolism ; Humans ; Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic ; genetics ; Liver ; metabolism ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Phalloidine ; adverse effects ; Ursodeoxycholic Acid ; therapeutic use

This study was aimed to detect the methylation status of FHIT gene promoter region in the DNA from plasma of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and to investigate the demethylating effect of decitabine. Methylation-specific PCR method was used to detect the methylation status of FHIT gene promoter region in the DNA from plasma of 4 patients with MDS before and after treatment with decitabine plus semis CAG therapy (among them, 1 case of newly diagnosed MDS, 3 cases progressed into acute leukemia). The results indicated that 3 cases were found to have an increased methylation in the promoter region. After treatment with decitabine plus semis CAG, increased methylation was reversed in 2 cases. In 4 cases, 2 cases displayed clinical response. It is concluded that FHIT gene hypermethylation is associated with MDS pathogenesis. Decitabine has demethylating effect on the FHIT gene hypermethylation of plasma from MDS patients. Detecting the methylation status of FHIT gene in DNA from plasma may play a role in MDS auxiliary diagnosis or prognosis.
Acid Anhydride Hydrolases ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Azacitidine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; DNA ; blood ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; blood ; drug therapy ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic

In the present experiments, the characteristics of the electrical responses to stimulation of the cerebellum in crucian carp Mauthner cell were explored with microeletrode intracellular recording technique. A composite excitatory postsynaptic potential (cerebellum-evoked EPSP) could be induced from the soma, the ventral dendrite and the proximal end of the lateral dendrite in crucian carp Mauthner cell (M-cell) on either side by stimulation of the ventrolateral region of the cerebellum. The cerebellum-evoked EPSP presented characteristics of relatively short latency (0.63+/-0.09 ms), longer duration (5.49+/-1.13 ms), graded amplitude and dependence on stimulation frequency. Stimulation of the cerebellum with higher intensity always activated the M-cell orthodromically. Multiple intracellular recordings showed that the cerebellum-evoked EPSP originated in the distal end of the ventral dendrite. The results suggest that the cerebellum-M-cell pathway is probably composed of a group of neuron chains with different numbers of synaptic relays projecting to the distal end of the ventral dendrite in order of length of the chains.
Animals ; Carps ; physiology ; Cerebellum ; physiology ; Dendrites ; physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; physiology ; Neurons ; physiology ; Synapses ; physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; physiology

Objective:To establish a safe, effective, simple, and more economically feasible method to obtain platelet-rich plasma (PRP).Methods:Whole blood was collected from 24 patients with atrophic acne scars on the face. For the preparation of PRP, a slight modification of Choukroun＇s method was used. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the levels of platelet derived growth factor-β(PDGF-β), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), isulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in normal plasma and PRP.Results:The average concentration of PDGF-β in PRP was (755.61±418.31) ng/L, which was higher than [(479.93±279.18) ng/L] in normal plasma ( t=3.479, P<0.01). The average concentration of TGF-β1 in PRP was (2267.00±1223.68), which was higher than [(1535.50±910.91) ng/L] in normal plasma ( t=7.082, P<0.01). The average concentration of EGF in PRP was (30.70±12.39) ng/L, which was higher than [(20.77±10.31) ng/L] in normal plasma ( t=6.899, P<0.01). The average concentration of VEGF in PRP was (25.42±17.69) ng/L, which was higher than [(12.01±7.77) ng/L] in normal plasma ( t=5.230, P<0.01). The average concentration of bFGF was (17.85±7.17) ng/L, which was higher than [(10.90±4.73) ng/L] in normal plasma ( t=6.050, P<0.01). The average concentration of IGF-1 was (201.22±36.80) ng/ml, which was higher than [(174.90±33.80) ng/ml] in normal plasma ( t=3.760, P<0.01). Conclusions:Compared to normal plasma, modified PRP contains higher levels of growth factors. The modified method is a reliable option for liquid PRP, especially applicable for invasive cosmetic laser surgery to promote wound repair.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of the treatment of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (CHPS) with endoscopic pyloromyotomy.

METHODNine consecutive infants (7 boys, 2 girls; age range 26 - 70 days; weight range 2.65 - 6.10 kg), with a diagnosis of CHPS according to typical clinical manifestations, transabdominal ultrasound (US), gastroenterography and gastroscope. All the cases had accompanying malnutrition, anaemia, metabolic alkalosis, and some were complicated with congenital heart disease. In gastroscope operating room, all the patients were given pentobarbital and midazolam intravenously. A gastroscope with an outer diameter of 5.9 mm was passed through mouth, stomach, pylorus to the descending segment of duodenum. Under gastroscopy, two incisions were made along the anterior and posterior wall of pylorus from the duodenal bulb to the antrum by using endoscopic electrosurgical needle knife and an arch sphincter sarcosome. Incisions were deepened by 2 to 3 procedures until the longitudinal muscle was exposed, about 2 to 4 mm according to transabdominal US performed before operation. The incision depth was 2 - 3 mm if pylorus wall was 4 - 6 mm in thickness; or 3 - 4 mm when the wall was thicker than 6 mm.

RESULTThe endoscope was easily passed through the pylorus to the duodenum post-operation. The transabdominal US and gastroenterography showed that liquid easily flew through pylorus. All patients were able to have regular feeding about 2 to 10 hours after the operation. Vomiting in all patients was significantly decreased in frequency and amount, and in 8 infants vomiting stopped within 1 week, in one case it did not stop until 1 month after the treatment. Some cases showed slight adverse reaction, no perforation or massive haemorrhage in stomach or intestines occurred in any of the patients during and post-operation. Eight infants were doing well at follow-up (range 2 to 9 months). One girl had recurred vomiting at normal feeding after a period of 1 month postoperation without vomiting. This case was cured by second endoscopic pyloromyotomy.

CONCLUSIONSEndoscopic pyloromyotomy is effective, safe, simple, and offers several advantages: no need for open-abdomen surgery, feeding can be initiated rapidly.

Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic ; congenital ; surgery ; Pylorus ; surgery ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic ; ethics ; methods