Objective To understand the antibody levels of diphtheria and tetanus among healthy population in Shanghai Pudong New Area, and to provide a scientific basis for improving the vaccine immunization strategy. Methods Random sampling was used to select healthy people of all ages in 16 communities in Shanghai Pudong New Area from 2018 to 2024, and serum samples were collected and tested for serum anti-diphtheria and tetanus toxin IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method to analyze the antibody positivity rate (≥0.1 IU/ml) and the geometric mean concentration (GMC) of antibodies. Results A total of 3 312 serum samples were included, with a male-to-female ratio of 0.76:1, and 53.77% were local residents. The seropositivity rates and geometric mean concentrations (GMC) of both diphtheria and tetanus antibodies generally declined with increasing age, but exhibited a transient rebound in the 7y-. A total of 1 175 individuals (35.48%) were seropositive for diphtheria, with a GMC of 0.054 IU/mL. For tetanus, 988 individuals (29.83%) were seropositive, with a GMC of 0.033 IU/mL. Significant differences in seropositivity rates (χ²_diphtheria=950.005,χ²_tetanus=1 324.393) and GMC (H_diphtheria=1027.160,H_tetanus=1 142.007) were observed among different age groups (P<0.001). Significant differences in seropositivity rates (χ²_diphtheria=950.005,χ²_tetanus=1324.393) and GMC (H_diphtheria=1027.160,H_tetanus=1142.007) were also found across different years (P<0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of diphtheria and tetanus antibodies in the healthy population of Pudong New Area is relatively low, particularly among adults over 20 years of age with inadequate immunization. This underscores the need to reinforce the National Immunization Program (NIP) vaccine specifications for children under 6 years of age and implement an immunization strategy for adolescents or adults against diphtheria and tetanus.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of moxibustion(Mox)combined with low-dose tadalafil(TAD)in the treatment of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction(DMED)with the syndrome of Qi deficiency and blood stasis.Meth-ods:According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,we selected 90 patients with DMED for this trial and equally randomized them into a Mox,a TAD,and a Mox combined with TAD(Mox+TAD)group to be treated by mild Mox applied to the acupoints Zusanli,Sanyinjiao and Yinlingquan qd alt,oral medication with low-dose TAD at 5 mg per dose qd,and combination of the above two thera-pies,respectively,all for 4 weeks.We obtained from the patients their IIEF-5 scores,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms scores,Erectile Hardness Scale(EHS)scores,corpus cavernosal hemodynamic indexes,and the peak systolic velocity(PSV),end diastolic velocity(EDV)and resistance index(RI)of the corpus cavernosal arteries before and after treatment,and compared them among the three groups.Results:The total effectiveness rate was significantly higher in the Mox+TAD(90.0％)than in the Mox(46.7％)and TAD groups(60.0％)(P＜0.05).Compared with the baseline,the IIEF-5 and EHS scores were increased,while the TCM symptoms scores decreased in all the three groups after treatment,more significantly in the Mox+TAD group than in the other two(P＜0.05).And the PSV and RI were remarkably increased,while the EDV decreased(P＜0.05)in all the three groups(P＜0.05)after treatment,with PSV even higher in the Mox+TAD than in the Mox and TAD groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Moxi-bustion combined with tadalafil has a definite efficacy and safety for the treatment of DMED,which can effectively improve the erectile function of the patients by increasing penile blood supply,benefiting qi and activating blood circulation.

Objective:This study aims to analyze the weight management policy practices in Japan,South Korea,and Singapore to provide international references for improving China's weight health management and metabolic disease prevention system.Methods:Based on the Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions Framework(ICCC),we conducted a literature review and policy analysis methods of domestic and international policies and publications on weight management,systematically analyzing and summarizing relevant strategies and practices to extract key insights in Japan,South Korea,and Singapore.Results:All three countries have established a multi-level collaborative governance system:at the macro level,they built institutional foundations through legislation,cross-sectoral collaboration,and diversified financing;at the meso level,they enhanced management efficiency via comprehensive medical services,multidisciplinary coordination,and smart information systems,while community-level initiatives fostered supportive environments through health education and environmental modifications;at the micro level,they emphasized personalized interventions and family involvement to strengthen self-management capabilities.Conclusion:China can learn from these neighboring countries'experiences to develop a multi-tiered prevention system,strengthen primary care capacity,improve medical security mechanisms,and facilitate a shift from disease treatment to health management,ultimately constructing a weight management solution with Chinese characteristics.

Objective To develop dynamic prediction models based on multiple postnatal time points to support early diagnosis and individualized intervention for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in preterm infants with gestational age<32 weeks.Methods Clinical data of 472 preterm infants with gestational age<32 weeks admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2016 and November 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Multivariable logistic regression was applied to develop five independent prediction models at postnatal days 1,7,14,21,and 28.The performance of the models was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.Results Baseline characteristics such as gestational age and birth weight differed significantly between the BPD group(n=147)and the non-BPD group(n=325)(P<0.05).Predictors of BPD evolved across time points:on day 1,key predictors included gestational age,birth weight,Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology II(SNAP-II),invasive mechanical ventilation,and fraction of inspired oxygen>30%;by day 7,additional variables emerged,including fasting duration>2 days,mean feeding advancement rate<8.5 mL/(kg·d),neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,apnea of prematurity,and positive sputum culture;from day 14 onward,nutrition-and treatment-related indicators were incorporated additionally.The models demonstrated good discrimination at postnatal days 1,7,14,21,and 28,with AUCs of 0.917,0.927,0.939,0.944,and 0.968,respectively,and good calibration(Hosmer-Lemeshow P>0.05).Internal validation showed AUCs ranging from 0.899 to 0.958,indicating robust performance.Conclusions Dynamic postnatal prediction models incorporating indicators spanning perinatal factors,respiratory support,nutritional management,and therapeutic interventions demonstrate high predictive performance and facilitate dynamic risk assessment for BPD in preterm infants with gestational age<32 weeks.

Objective·To investigate the performance and psychological mechanisms of inhibitory control in patients with alcohol use disorder(AUD)under different emotional contexts,and to examine the influence of emotion regulation difficulties on inhibitory control.Methods·A total of 28 male AUD inpatients(AUD group)and 28 age-and education-matched healthy controls(HC group)were recruited.The emotional Go/Nogo task(angry/neutral facial expressions)was used to evaluate the subjects'behavioral inhibition,and the hierarchical drift-diffusion model(HDDM)was used to quantify the cognitive parameters(drift rate,decision threshold,and non-decision time).The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale(DERS)and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test(AUDIT)were used for clinical evaluation.The moderated mediation effects were tested by bootstrap method.Results·The AUD group scored higher than the HC group on the DERS total score and all sub-dimensions(goal-directed behavior,impulse control,strategy access,and emotional clarity),and the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.05).At the behavioral level,compared with the HC group,the AUD group had elevated commission error rates[F(1,54)=8.62,P=0.005]and omission error rates[F(1,54)=4.28,P=0.043],and the reaction time of angry face stimuli was generally prolonged[F(1,54)=12.26,P=0.001].Cognitive modeling showed that the drift rate of the AUD group was significantly lower than that of the HC group[F(1,54)=15.56,P<0.001],indicating impaired information processing efficiency.The moderated mediation model showed that,under the condition of angry face stimuli,the drift rate partially mediated the relationship between group and commission error rate,and the total indirect effect value was 9.564(95%CI 3.874?16.387).Further analysis showed that the conditional indirect effect increased to 10.133(95%CI 3.963?17.927)at high levels of emotion regulation difficulty(one standard deviation above the mean),and to 9.011(95%CI 3.778?14.921)at low levels(one standard deviation below the mean).Conclusion·The deficits in information processing efficiency of AUD patients partly explains the impairment of inhibitory control,and this effect is associated with individual emotion regulation capacity.It is suggested that abnormal processing of social threat information may be an important factor affecting the impairment of inhibitory control in AUD patients,especially in individuals with weak emotion regulation ability.

Aim To explore the material basis and un-derlying mechanism of Qingre Huoxue Formula(QRHXF)in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)by applying network pharmacology,molecular docking technology and bioinformatics com-bined with animal experiments.Methods TCMSP,ECTM,and BATMAN databases were used to obtain active components and corresponding targets of QRHXF;GEO and DisGeNENT databases were con-ducted to acquire NSCLC-associated differential expres-sion genes.By intersecting them,the common targets were obtained.It was chosen to construct a herb-com-ponent-disease network and protein-protein interaction(PPI)network.Furthermore,DAVID database was used to perform gene ontology(GO)function and Kyo-to encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)path-way enrichment analyses.The molecular docking was presented by adopting Autodock Vina program to verify key targets.RNA-seq datawere downloaded from TC-GA database to obtain differential gene expression.Ka-planMeier(KM)analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between gene expression and overall sur-vival.Mouse subcutaneous tumor model of LLC was established.The effects of QRHXF on body weight,tumor volume and weight were monitored for pharmaco-dynamic analysis.Tumor tissues slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin(HE)for histopathological examination.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)staining was employed for detecting Ki67 and EP300.Western blot was performed to measure the protein expression of TP53,CDK1 and NTRK1.Results The results of net-work pharmacology showed that a total of seven com-mon targets were screened from NSCLC and QRHXF,and the effect of QRHXF on anti-NSCLC may occur via multiple signaling pathways,including cell cycle.The results of molecular docking indicated that the main ac-tive components of QRHXF had low binding energy and stable docking conformation with the molecular target for treating NSCLC.According to bioinformatic analy-sis,there were significant differences in BRCA1,CDK1 and NTRK1 mRNA expression between tumor tissues and normal tissues,which were also prognostic factors for overall survival.Animal experimental research showed QRHXF inhibited subcutaneous tumor growth(P＜0.01)and improved the quality of life in mice with NSCLC.After QRHXF intervention,the density of tumor cells was significantly reduced,and necrotic are-as were increased.The expressions of Ki67 and EP300 were significantly decreased.Compared with the model group,Western blot showed up-regulation of TP53 and NTRKA(P＜0.05),whereas CDK1 were down-regu-lated(P＜0.05).Conclusion QRHXF exerted anti-NSCLC effects by regulating NTRK1,EP300,TP53,CDK1 and inducing cell cycle,cell cycle arrest and in-hibiting tumor growth,metastasis and angiogenesis.

The incidence rate of kidney diseases in China has always remained high.At present,the clinical treat-ment mainly focuses on symptomatic treatment to delay the progression of the disease,and there is a lack of eco-nomical and effective treatment methods.MicroRNA plays an important regulatory role in the occurrence and devel-opment of diseases.This study aims to explore the role and regulatory mechanism of miR-142a-3p in adriamycin(ADR)-induced renal tubular epithelial cell(TCMK-1)injury,with a focus on its potential as a therapeutic target for ADR nephropathy.First,cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 kit,and a mouse renal tubular epithelial cell model induced by ADR was established.Subsequently,alterations in miR-142a-3p and its target gene ATG16L1 mRNA levels were quantified using RT-qPCR.Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of autophagy marker proteins and pyroptosis marker proteins.Monodansylcadaverin(MDC)staining was performed and the autophagy of cells was detected by flow cytometry.The results showed that the relative expression of miR-142a-3p in TCMK-1 cells induced by ADR was increased and the relative expression of its target gene ATG16L1 was decreased(P＜0.0001).Western blotting results showed that the levels of p62(P＜0.001)and pyroptosis-related proteins(P＜0.001)were increased,while the protein levels of autophagy-related proteins were decreased(P＜0.05).The flow cytometry results showed that there was no difference in the mean fluorescence intensity of autoph-agosomes between the ADR group and the autophagosome inhibitor group(3-MA group)(P＞0.05),indicating that after ADR induction,cell autophagy was inhibited and pyroptosis was enhanced.When the expression of miR-142a-3p was inhibited by transfecting miR-142a-3p inhibitor,the relative expression level of the target gene ATG16L1 was restored(P＜0.001).Western blotting showed that the protein level of p62(P＜0.01)and pyropto-sis-related proteins(P＜0.01)were decreased,and the protein level of autophagy-related proteins was restored(P＜0.001).Flow cytometry results further indicated that cell autophagy was restored(P＜0.0001).In conclusion,ADR targets A TG1 6L1 through miR-142a-3p to reduce the autophagy level of TCMK-1,and simultaneously activates GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis.

The incidence rate of kidney diseases in China has always remained high.At present,the clinical treat-ment mainly focuses on symptomatic treatment to delay the progression of the disease,and there is a lack of eco-nomical and effective treatment methods.MicroRNA plays an important regulatory role in the occurrence and devel-opment of diseases.This study aims to explore the role and regulatory mechanism of miR-142a-3p in adriamycin(ADR)-induced renal tubular epithelial cell(TCMK-1)injury,with a focus on its potential as a therapeutic target for ADR nephropathy.First,cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 kit,and a mouse renal tubular epithelial cell model induced by ADR was established.Subsequently,alterations in miR-142a-3p and its target gene ATG16L1 mRNA levels were quantified using RT-qPCR.Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of autophagy marker proteins and pyroptosis marker proteins.Monodansylcadaverin(MDC)staining was performed and the autophagy of cells was detected by flow cytometry.The results showed that the relative expression of miR-142a-3p in TCMK-1 cells induced by ADR was increased and the relative expression of its target gene ATG16L1 was decreased(P＜0.0001).Western blotting results showed that the levels of p62(P＜0.001)and pyroptosis-related proteins(P＜0.001)were increased,while the protein levels of autophagy-related proteins were decreased(P＜0.05).The flow cytometry results showed that there was no difference in the mean fluorescence intensity of autoph-agosomes between the ADR group and the autophagosome inhibitor group(3-MA group)(P＞0.05),indicating that after ADR induction,cell autophagy was inhibited and pyroptosis was enhanced.When the expression of miR-142a-3p was inhibited by transfecting miR-142a-3p inhibitor,the relative expression level of the target gene ATG16L1 was restored(P＜0.001).Western blotting showed that the protein level of p62(P＜0.01)and pyropto-sis-related proteins(P＜0.01)were decreased,and the protein level of autophagy-related proteins was restored(P＜0.001).Flow cytometry results further indicated that cell autophagy was restored(P＜0.0001).In conclusion,ADR targets A TG1 6L1 through miR-142a-3p to reduce the autophagy level of TCMK-1,and simultaneously activates GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis.

Objective:This study aims to analyze the weight management policy practices in Japan,South Korea,and Singapore to provide international references for improving China's weight health management and metabolic disease prevention system.Methods:Based on the Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions Framework(ICCC),we conducted a literature review and policy analysis methods of domestic and international policies and publications on weight management,systematically analyzing and summarizing relevant strategies and practices to extract key insights in Japan,South Korea,and Singapore.Results:All three countries have established a multi-level collaborative governance system:at the macro level,they built institutional foundations through legislation,cross-sectoral collaboration,and diversified financing;at the meso level,they enhanced management efficiency via comprehensive medical services,multidisciplinary coordination,and smart information systems,while community-level initiatives fostered supportive environments through health education and environmental modifications;at the micro level,they emphasized personalized interventions and family involvement to strengthen self-management capabilities.Conclusion:China can learn from these neighboring countries'experiences to develop a multi-tiered prevention system,strengthen primary care capacity,improve medical security mechanisms,and facilitate a shift from disease treatment to health management,ultimately constructing a weight management solution with Chinese characteristics.

Objective To develop dynamic prediction models based on multiple postnatal time points to support early diagnosis and individualized intervention for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in preterm infants with gestational age<32 weeks.Methods Clinical data of 472 preterm infants with gestational age<32 weeks admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2016 and November 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Multivariable logistic regression was applied to develop five independent prediction models at postnatal days 1,7,14,21,and 28.The performance of the models was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.Results Baseline characteristics such as gestational age and birth weight differed significantly between the BPD group(n=147)and the non-BPD group(n=325)(P<0.05).Predictors of BPD evolved across time points:on day 1,key predictors included gestational age,birth weight,Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology II(SNAP-II),invasive mechanical ventilation,and fraction of inspired oxygen>30%;by day 7,additional variables emerged,including fasting duration>2 days,mean feeding advancement rate<8.5 mL/(kg·d),neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,apnea of prematurity,and positive sputum culture;from day 14 onward,nutrition-and treatment-related indicators were incorporated additionally.The models demonstrated good discrimination at postnatal days 1,7,14,21,and 28,with AUCs of 0.917,0.927,0.939,0.944,and 0.968,respectively,and good calibration(Hosmer-Lemeshow P>0.05).Internal validation showed AUCs ranging from 0.899 to 0.958,indicating robust performance.Conclusions Dynamic postnatal prediction models incorporating indicators spanning perinatal factors,respiratory support,nutritional management,and therapeutic interventions demonstrate high predictive performance and facilitate dynamic risk assessment for BPD in preterm infants with gestational age<32 weeks.