Acute Disease ; Cytogenetics ; Humans ; Leukemia ; genetics

Objective To explore the effects of citicoline injection into Zusanli point (ST36) on learning and memory function of rats after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The model was induced with the improved Feeney method. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham-operation group, control group, acupuncture point saline injection group, intraperitoneal drug injection group and acupuncture point drug injection group with 8 rats in each group. The rats in the acupuncture point drug or saline injection group were treated with acupuncture injection of citicoline or saline daily. The rats in the intraperitoneal drug injection group and control group were treated with intraperitoneal injection of citicoline or saline daily. The treatment continued for 14 d. The learning and memory function was evaluated with the Morris water maze test and passive avoidance test. Results Acupuncture point injection of citicoline can significantly shorten the escape latent period of TBI rats in Morris water tests and extend the latent period of learning and memory of TBI rats (P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture point injection is effective on the recovery of learning and memory function of rats after TBI.

The modern physicians have different views on acupoint combination and acupuncture-moxibustion prescription and confuse them in clinical practice. It is significant to clarify the conception, connotation and relationship between them so as to normalize the therapeutic program of acupuncture and moxibustion and promote the standardization of acupuncture and moxibustion. Through the collection of relevant literature and analysis on the differences in the understandings among physicians, the conception, connotation and relationship between acupoint combination and acupuncture-moxibustion prescription are summarized. It is viewed that the acupoint combination is based on TCM theory. Under the guide of acupoint selection, in combination of the characters of clinical practice and acupoint indications, two or more than two acupoints of the same function are combined to enhance the collaborative effects of acupoints so as to achieve specific efficacy and improve clinical efficacy. Regarding acupuncture-moxibustion prescription, on the basis of disorder and syndrome differentiation of patients, the concrete therapeutic program is put forward, including acupoint composition and therapeutic method. Acupoint combination is the basic element of acupuncture-moxibustion prescription. Acupuncture-moxibustion prescription is the specific application of acupoint combination.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Moxibustion

Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Inappropriate ADH Syndrome ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

Chronic prostatitis is a common male disease, and its pathogenesis is not yet clear. Most scholars believe that oxidative stress and immune imbalance are the keys to the occurrence and progression of chronic prostatitis. Currently immunotherapy of chronic prostatitis remains in the exploratory stage. This article relates the active ingredients of 5 Chinese medicinal herbs (total glucosides of paeony, tripterigium wilfordii polglycosidium, curcumin, geniposide, and quercetin) for the treatment of chronic prostatitis and their possible action mechanisms as follows: 1) inhibiting the immune response and activation and proliferation of T-cells, and adjusting the proportion of Th1/Th2 cells; 2) upregulating the expression of Treg and enhancing the patient's tolerability; 3) suppressing the activation of the NF-kB factor, reducing the release of iNOS, and further decreasing the release of NO, IL-2 and other inflammatory cytokines, which contribute to the suppression of the immune response; 4) inhibiting the production of such chemokines as MCP-1 and MIP-1α in order to reduce their induction of inflammatory response. Studies on the immune mechanisms of Chinese medicinal herbs in the treatment of chronic prostatitis are clinically valuable for the development of new drugs for this disease.
Chemokines ; immunology ; Cytokines ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Immune System ; drug effects ; Male ; NF-kappa B p50 Subunit ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; drug effects ; Th1-Th2 Balance

Objective To observe the shape and the hemodynamic changes of the left heart after transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects(ASD) using Amplatzer occluder.Methods Sixty-five subjects with secondum ASD underwent transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) at pre-operation,48～72 h post-operation and follow-up performed more than 3 months after operation in 45 patients.The dimension of ASD,the parameters of the pulse-wave Doppler spectrums of the blood flow at the aotic valves and inlet of the left ventricle were recorded.At each position,systolic,early diastolic velocities and intervals were measured,the mitral annular movement spectrum was acquired at the lateral site of mitral annulus in the apical four-chamber view,Tei index and Tei_(TDI) index were derived from these parameters.Results All the patients had been implanted one Amplatzer occluder under the guide of echocardiography successfully.The preload of the left ventricular volume in the end of the diastolic period was increased and the low hemodynamic situation of the left heart and systemic circulation were corrected after the operation immediately.Accordingly,at 48～72 h after the operation,the end diastolic diameter,the stroke volume and the ejection fraction of the left ventricle were significantly improved continuously.However,the movement of the posterior wall decreased significantly at 48～72 h post-operation.The peak velocity of systolic period and the early diastolic velocities of the left ventricle were increased,but the ejection time had no changes follow-up.The systolic function of the left ventricle highlighted,the whole diastolic time prolonged after the 3 months of the operation.Tei index,Tei_(TDI) index and the heart rate had no difference between pre-and post-operation.Conclusions The anatomic deformation was corrected by transcatheter closure of ASD with Amplatzer occluder,the pre-load of left ventricular increased and had significant effect on the morphology and hemodynamic situation quickly,the left ventricular systolic and the diastolic function improved.The pre-load change of left heart had no effect on heart rate.Tei index and Tei_(TDI) index were independent of the pre-load and present the heart-self function.

Objective To investigate the effects of ketamine on anoxia-reoxygenation(A/R)induced glutamate release from cerebral cortex neurons.Methods Primary cultured neurons obtained from cerebral cortex of fetal Wistar rats(16-18 d)were randomly divided into 3 groups:Ⅰcontrol group;ⅡA/R group andⅢketamine pretreatment+I/R group.The control group was not subjected to A/R while A/R group was exposed to anoxic air(95% N_2+5% CO_2)for 5 h followed by 24 h reoxygenation.In groupⅢdifferent doses of ketamine were added to the culture media before anoxia and the final ketamine concentrations were 1,20 and 100?mol?L~(-1) respectively.The extracellular glutamate concentration was detected at the end of 24 h reoxygenation.Results The extracellular glutamate concentration was significantly higher after 24 h reoxygenation in A/R group than in control group.Ketamine 20 and 100?mol?L~(-1) significantly inhibited glutamate release from the neurons induced by A/R in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion Ketamine can inhibit glutamate release from neurons induced by A/R in a dose-dependent manner.

Objective To investigate and analyze the demands of ethical review knowledge training among clinical investigators and determinants,thus to discuss countermeasures to optimize the training pattern of ethical review knowledge training among clinical investigators and to provide scientific evidence and proposals for training management.Methods A total of 366 clinical investigators from third-class and first-grade general hospitals in Beijing were surveyed by questionnaires according to stratified random sampling method based on the professional titles,and the results were analyzed by SPSS 20.0.Results There existed training demands of ethical review knowledgeamong clinical investigators.For investigators with primary and intermediate titles,knowledge training about informed consent process,subject safety and rights protection,and principles of privacy security were highly needed.The training patterns researched were mainly short-term training and lectures organized by administrative department of the hospital.Most investigators expressed that the primary influence factor of training was lack of time and effort.Conclusions Based on the results of the survey,the demands of ethical review knowledge training are analyzed and countermeasures to optimize and enrich current training patterns are discussed,to improve the efficiency of training and the recognition and knowledge of ethical review among clinical investigators.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Dermatitis, Occupational ; etiology ; therapy ; Drug Eruptions ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; therapeutic use ; Trichloroethylene ; adverse effects

Objective To analyze the features of poststroke depression (PSD) between men and women after acute ischemic stroke in China. Methods A total of 1917 ischemic stroke patients were enrolled from the Prospective Cohort Study on Incidence and Outcome of Patients with Poststroke Depression in China. The incidence of PSD and the features were compared between male and female patients. The factors related with PSD of every gender were extracted with Logistic regression analysis. Results The incidence of PSD was higher in women than in men (32.9% vs. 26.6%, P<0.01). There was no difference in the stroke score between women and men (P>0.05). The score of Hamilton Depression Scale was higher in the women than in the men, and the features were similar. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the history of heart disease, history of mental disorders and stroke score related with PSD in women, while the age, history of mental disorders, smoking and stroke score in men. Conclusion The incidence and related factors of PSD 2 weeks after ischemic stroke are different between men and women.