OBJECTIVE The antagonism of obidoxi me on sarin induced miosis and visual impair-ment was evaluated and its antagonistic mechanism was investigated.METHODS ① 30 min after sarin (2 μg /0.1 mL per eye)was given as an eyedrop,the ability of the 2.5%,5.0%,7.5% obidoxi me and 1 .0% atropine to reverse effects of sarin on pupil dia meter and light reflex were evaluated at different ti mes.② Another 36 rabbits received sarin and at 30 min afer sarin exposure,the drugs above were ad-ministrated and their effects on pupillary light reflex,as well as the AChE activity of cornea,iris and reti-na were recorded 4h after the treatment.RESULTS ① Miosis and impaired pupillary light reflex oc-curred soon after sarin exposure but the abnormal pupil width and pupillary light reflex had disappeared by 48 h after sarin exposure;Subcequent to 1 .0% atropine treatment,the pupil dilatedinstead while the impaired light reflex did not i mprove significantly;unlike atropine,soon after ad ministration of 2.5%, 5.0%,7.5% obidoxi me,the pupil dia meter and light reflex were significantly increased(P <0.01 )and then had beco me normal totally by 24 h post-dose,much faster than those of the control and atropine treatment group.However,there was no significant difference in the recovery ti me between the different dose groups of obidoxi me.② 4h after treatment,the AChE activity in cornea and irisof sarin-treated group were (42 ±4)%,(26 ±2)%,respectively;the AChE activity in cornea of 2.5%,5.0%,7.5%obidoxi me were (74 ±1 1 )%,(81 ±10)% and (74 ±7)%,respectively,and the AChE activity in iris were(39 ±10)%,(43 ±8)% and (43 ±8)%,respectively ,co mpared with sarin-treated group,AChE activities of cornea and iris as well as light reflex of the obidoxi me-treated group were significantly increased(P<0.01 ).But there was no difference in light reflex and AChE activity between the sarin-treated and atropine-treated groups.CONCLUSION Obidoxi me showed better antagonism of sarin-induced ocular effects than that of the commonly used drug,atropine;the antagonistic mechanism is likely closely related to its rapid reactivation of the inhibited AChE in the cornea and iris.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of tetrandrine on reversion of mice S180's obtained multi-drug resistance tumor cell induced by chemotherapy by PFC. And then discuss the molecular mechanism of it for the use of TCM in clinic to restrain the drug-resistant of chemotherapy, thereby improve the curative effect.

METHODBy the methods of less dosage of chemotherapy PFC, give the mouse cisplatin 3 mg x kg(-1) i.p., once a week; CTX and 5-FU 3 mg x kg(-1) i.g. four weeks, set up the mice models of multi-drug resistance of S180 tumor cell, and then observe the P170, Fas, CD54 and apoposis by flow cytometry.

RESULTTetrandrine can obviously lower the express of P170 increase the express of Fas and the apoposis of drug resistant tumor cell. And at the same time it can obviously reduce the express of intercellular adhesion molecule (CD54).

CONCLUSIONTerandrine, with its adjustment of correlated biotic active matter, can intervene the occurrence of the multi-drug resistance of tumor cells induced by chemotherapy.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Benzylisoquinolines ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Mice ; Sarcoma 180 ; metabolism ; pathology ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; fas Receptor ; metabolism

Some research on intelligent non-invasive temporary pacemakers is introduced in this paper. An industrial computer, some IC chips and other elements are used to construct its hardware, and its software is in C++ language. The experimental device has some intelligent functions of recognizing some arrhythmia. The system has a pacemaker module and an ECG monitor module. Its software includes a main program, a RS-232C communication program, a printer VxD, a pacing control VxD and ECG signal pretreatment and recognizing program and so on. The pacing-generating circuit is employed to make the precision control of pacing current. The communication between industrial-computer system and ECG module is completed through the DLL. The real time processing of ECG signals is based on filter method for a higher recognizing ratio. The system calculates several parameters to recognize certain arrhythmia and uses MIT/BIH database to validate the reliability of ECG recognition.
Algorithms ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Artificial Intelligence ; Echocardiography ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; classification ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Software Design

BACKGROUNDIgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) plays an important role in pathogenesis of IgAN. Associations between the polymorphisms of TGFβ1 gene and the risk of IgAN remained inconsistent. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between polymorphisms in the TGFβ1 gene and IgAN susceptibility.

METHODSDatabases including Pubmed, EMBASE, ISI, et al. were searched to find relevant studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the strength of associations.

RESULTSTen studies involving 1770 cases and 1953 controls were included. Significant association between C509T polymorphism and IgAN risk was observed (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.12-1.81, P = 0.0004; I(2) = 0%) in Caucasians by the overdominant model (CT vs. CC + TT), but no significant association was found (P = 0.200) in Asians by the dominant model (CC + CT vs. TT). Significant association between T869C polymorphism and IgAN susceptibility was found (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.02-1.44, P = 0.030) in overall populations by the dominant model (TT + TC vs. CC). Subgroup analysis found T allele of T869C polymorphism was associated with IgAN susceptibility in Caucasians (P = 0.030), but not in Asians (P = 0.290).

CONCLUSIONBoth heterozygotes of C509T polymorphism and T allele of T869C polymorphism in TGFβ1 were associated with the risk of IgAN in Caucasians, but not in Asians.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo isolate the prevalent strain of enterovirus 71 (EV71) in Xi'an area in 2008, and compare the concordance of viral isolation, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescent technique in detecting EV71, find the fast and effective method for detection, and analyze the differences between the EV71 strains isolated from Xi'an and Fuyang, Anhui.

METHODVirus isolation and RT-PCR were carried out on vesicle fluid and throat swab specimens that were collected from the patients with hand-foot-and-mouth disease, RD and HEp-2 cell lines were used for viral isolation. The virus was identified by using immunofluorescence technique. Nucleotide sequencing was performed on positive product of RT-PCR, and compared with EV71 isolated from Fuyang in 2008, then submitted to Genbank.

RESULTAmong the 56 samples of throat swab inoculated on RD and HEp-2 cells, the positive rates were 5.4% (3/56) and 1.8% (1/56), respectively. Among the 56 samples of vesicle fluid inoculated on RD and HEp-2 cells, the positive rates were 12.5% ( 7/56 ) and 5.4% (3/56), respectively. Cytopathic effect of RD and HEp-2 cells appeared on days 7 and 10, respectively. The positive rates of RT-PCR on throat swab and vesicle fluid samples were 21.4% (12/56) and 33.9% (19/56), respectively. Cytopathic effect was found in cell culture for 14 cases and immunofluorescence, showed that 9 of them were infected with EV71. The authors obtained the EV71 strain prevalent in Xi'an during 2008. The nucleotide sequence was submitted to the NCBI Genbank and gained the accession number EU812461.

CONCLUSIONThe EV71 in Xi'an prevalent during 2008 may have a weaker epithelial tropism. Comparison of the EV71 strain isolated from Xi'an with EU703812, EU703813 and EU703814 isolated from Fuyang, Anhui showed that the homology was 97%-98%. RT-PCR is an important method for rapid detection of EV71.

Bodily Secretions ; virology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pharynx ; virology ; RNA, Viral ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid

OBJECTIVETo investigate the seroprevalence of anti-HAV IgG in adults of 4 cities in China.

METHODSSerum samples were collected from 2390 local residents aged between 20 to 88 years from Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and Guangzhou. The anti-HAV IgG in sera was detected with a microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA).

RESULTSThe anti-HAV IgG seroprevalence in female of 30 to 39 years in Beijing (64.58%, 62/96) was higher than that in male (45.57% 36/79)) (x(2) = 6.358, P = 0.012). It increased with age in adults of Beijing and Guangzhou. The rates were 54.22 % (90/166), 56.00% (98/175) and 67.18% (88/131) for the 20-, 30- and 40-49 age groups in Beijing (x(2) = 4.76, P = 0.03); and 52.83% (56/106), 52.50% (63/120), 82.46% (94/114), 89.80% (88/98) and 96.77% (60/62) for the 20-, 30-, 40-, 50- and 60-88 age groups in Guangzhou, respectively (x(2) = 72.58, P less than 0.01). This trend was not found in Shanghai and Wuhan (x2 = 0.96, 2.99; P = 0.33, 0.08 respectively). The seroprevalence rates of anti-HAV IgG in the 20 to 39 age group of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Wuhan were 55.13% (188/341), 63.93% (429/671), 52.65% (119/226) and 78.37% (308/393), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe seroprevalence rates of anti-HAV IgG in young adults aged 20 to 39 years of the four cities are relatively low, and HAV vaccination should be suggested for the susceptible population of this age group in China.

Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hepatitis A ; epidemiology ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis A Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis A Virus, Human ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Sex Distribution ; Urban Population ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the color preference in hospitalized patients with mental disorders and healthy adults. Methods Abstract color preference test was conducted in 1951 clinic patients with mental disor-ders and 1005 healthy adults by use of dual comparison method. Results The order of color preference for pa-tients with mental disorders was blue(4.72),green(4.67),red(4.52),yellow(4.46),orange(4.38),purple (3.92),gray (3.56),white (3.43) and black (2.96). There were significant differences between patients with mental disorders and healthy adults in preference to purple(Z = 2.934,P = 0.003),black(Z = 3.730,P =0.000),orange(Z =-2.113,P = 0.035),yellow(Z =-2.093,P = 0.036),white(Z =-2.499,P = 0.012) and gray(Z=-3.204,P=0.001). The preference to black(χ2=22.409,P<0.001)and gray(χ2=134.086, P < 0.001) differed significantly among schizophrenia , mood disorders and neurosis. Schizophrenia patients mostly preferred blue,mood disorders patients mostly preferred red,and neurotic patients mostly preferred green. Conclusions The color preference in hospitalized patients with mental disorders is different from that in normal adults. There are differences in color preference among patients with different types of mental disorders.

BACKGROUNDThe optimal revascularization strategy in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with HFPEF.

METHODSFrom July 2003 through September 2005, a total of 920 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and HFPEF (ejection fraction ≥ 50%) underwent PCI (n = 350) or CABG (n = 570). We compared the groups with respect to the primary outcome of mortality, and the secondary outcomes of main adverse cardiac and cerebral vascular events (MACCE), including death, myocardial infarction, stroke and repeat revascularization, at a median follow-up of 543 days.

RESULTSIn-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the PCI group than in the CABG group (0.3% vs. 2.5%, adjusted P = 0.016). During follow-up, there was no significant difference in the two groups with regard to mortality rates (2.3% vs. 3.5%, adjusted P = 0.423). Patients receiving PCI had higher MACCE rates as compared with patients receiving CABG (13.4% vs. 4.0%, adjusted P < 0.001), mainly due to higher rate of repeat revascularization (adjusted P < 0.001). Independent predictors of mortality were age, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and chronic total occlusion.

CONCLUSIONAmong patients with CAD and HFPEF, PCI was shown to be as good as CABG with respect to the mortality rate, although there was a higher rate of repeat revascularization in patients undergoing PCI.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; mortality ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; mortality ; Female ; Heart Failure ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stents

In this study, we established a rapid and sensitive multiplex Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mrtRT-PCR) to simultaneously detect the novel human influenza A H1N1 virus, human seasonal influenza A H1N1 and H3N2. This assay had three pairs of primer to target the conserved regions of the HA gene for each of the HA types including novel H1N1, seasonal H1N1 and seasonal H3N2, and one pair of primer designed to detect the internal control-RnaseP gene. This assay was performed in one-step in one tube. To validate the specificity of the multiplex Real-time RT-PCR assay, different human influenza virus including human seasonal influenza A H1N1 and H3N2, human influenza B and reference A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) sw1 was tested. To evaluate the sensitivity of the assay, serial dilutions of RNA from in vitro transcription of the novel human influenza A H1N1 HA gene was tested. Finally this assay was evaluated with clinical samples from 54 fever patients diagnosed with novel influenza A H1N1 or seasonal H1/H3 or HB infection either by real-time PCR recommended by the WHO or HI assay by the National Influenza Center. Our results showed that the assay could achieve a sensitivity of 20 RNA copies of novel influenza A H1N1 with high specificity and could detect potential mixed co-infection. In conclusion, this multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay combines both rapidity and sensitivity for not only detecting the novel human influenza A H1N1 virus, but also monitoring the human seasonal influenza A H1N1 and H3N2 simultaneously.
DNA Primers ; genetics ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; genetics ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; genetics ; Influenza, Human ; diagnosis ; virology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; instrumentation ; methods ; Seasons ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUNDC-reactive protein (CRP) is a lowly expressed marker for inflammatory response. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of baseline CRP levels in patients undergoing coronary revascularization in the context of modern medical treatment.

METHODSThis was a retrospective study in a single center. Four hundred and fourteen patients were enrolled, who underwent coronary revascularization and received adequate medication for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. The study compared the follow-up clinical outcomes between high level CRP group (CRP > 5 mg/L) and low level one. The median follow-up time was 551 days.

RESULTSCompared with low CRP group, the relative risk (RR) of the major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE) in high CRP group was 5.131 (95%CI: 1.864-14.123, P = 0.002). There were no significant differences in death, myocardial infarction and stroke during the follow-up between two groups, but a higher risk of re-revascularization was found in high CRP group (RR 6.008, 95%CI: 1.667-21.665, P = 0.006). Cox regression analysis showed that only CRP level could contribute to MACCE during the follow-up. MACCE-free rate was much lower in high CRP group (Kaplan-Meier log-rank P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONIn the context of modern medical treatment, the baseline level of CRP is an independent predictor for long-term prognosis in patients with coronary revascularization.

Aged ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Coronary Disease ; metabolism ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Revascularization ; methods ; Retrospective Studies