OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of Vitamin D (VitD) and bone metabolism in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) concurrent with osteoporosis (OP). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 240 patients who were admitted to the orthopedics department between March 2019 and March 2024. Patients were stratified into four distinct groups according to their respective disease categories.There were 90 patients in the simple KOA group, comprising 13 males and 77 females, age ranged from 50 to 91 years old with an average of (68.48±8.96) years old. There were 90 patients in the simple OP group, comprising 7 males and 83 females, age ranged from 52 to 88 years old with an average of (69.60±8.94 )years old. There were 30 patients in the KOA with OP group, comprising 1 male and 29 females, age ranged from 51 to 91 years old with an average of(69.03±7.93) years old. There were 30 patients in the physical examination group, comprising 5 males and 25 females, age ranged from 53 to 79 years old with an average of(64.93±6.51) years old. The general data and the levels of osteocalcin (OC), β-CrossLaps, parathyroid hormone(PTH) and VitD in each group were observed. RESULTS: The level of VitD in KOA with OP group (19.62±10.38) ng·ml^-1 and OP group (20.65±10.50) ng·ml^-1 was lower than that in physical examination group (27.46±8.00) ng·ml^-1 and KOA group (24.01±9.11) ng·ml^-1 (P<0.05). There were significant differences in β- CrossLaps and PTH levels among the four groups (P<0.001, P=0.019, respectively), while there was no significant difference in OC levels (P=0.763). Compared with the two simple disease groups, the KOA with OP group had higher levels of β - CrossLaps(0.81±0.30) ng·ml^-1 (P<0.001). There were significant differences in β-CrossLaps and PTH between the simple KOA group(0.54±0.22) ng·ml^-1, (46.03±18.08) pg·ml^-1 and the physical examination group (0.44±0.19) ng·ml^-1, (36.65±9.63) pg·mL^-1(P=0.038;P=0.006). There was a significant difference in PTH between the OP group(43.85±14.30) ng·ml-1, and the physical examination group, P=0.004. There was a significant difference in Kallgren-Lawrence grading between KOA with OP group and KOA group (P=0.006). Within KOA with OP group, the differences of β-CrossLaps and VitD levels among different K-L grades were statistically significant (P=0.016). The level of OC, β-CrossLaps and PTH within KOA with OP group was significantly different at different VitD levels (P=0.013, P=0.033, P=0.046). CONCLUSION Patients with KOA complicated by OP exhibit greater disturbances in bone metabolism and reduced VitD levels, particularly reflected by elevated β-CrossLaps. These findings underscore the importance of early monitoring of bone turnover and VitD supplementation in advanced-stage KOA with bone loss.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Vitamin D/blood* ; Osteoporosis/complications* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/complications* ; Retrospective Studies ; Bone and Bones/metabolism* ; Parathyroid Hormone/metabolism* ; Osteocalcin/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects and mechanisms of juglone on the proliferation and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. METHODS: Juglone and AML targets were collected from public databases, and the intersecting target clusters were taken for functional enrichment analysis to explore the potential mechanism of juglone in the treatment of AML. Then wet experiments were performed to verify. AML cell lines including KG-1a, MV-411, THP-1 and MOLM-13 were treated with different concentrations of juglone for 24 h. MTT assay was used to detect cell viability and determine the IC₅₀, and the most sensitive cell line was screened for subsequent experiments. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of cells treated with different concentrations of juglone. Western blot was performed to check the expression of relevant proteins. RESULTS: Eleven targets were obtained as potential targets for juglone in the treatment of AML, and the top ten significantly enriched pathways were intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, programmed cell death, cytochrome c-mediated apoptotic response, apoptosis, apoptotic factor-mediated response, regulated necrosis, cytokine signaling in immune system, signaling by interleukins, oncogene induced senescence, and signal transduction. The cell viability of KG-1a, MV-411, THP-1 and MOLM-13 was decreased with increasing juglone concentration after 24 h of juglone treatment (r =-0.992, -0.886, -0.956, -0.910). Among them, MOLM-13 was the most sensitive to juglone. The results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of MOLM-13 tended to significantly increase with the increasing concentration of juglone (r =0.99). At the same time point, p-RIPK1/RIPK1, p-RIPK3/RIPK3, and p-MLKL/MLK were decreased in each juglone concentration group compared with control group. CONCLUSION Juglone inhibits the viability of KG-1a, MV-411, THP-1 and MOLM-13 cells, and induces apoptosis of MOLM-13 cells, the mechanism of which may be related to the inhibition of RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling pathway.
Humans ; Naphthoquinones/pharmacology* ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction ; Cell Survival/drug effects*

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major outer membrane components of Gram-negative bacteria. Unlike most Gram-negative bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii can still survive and acquire polymyxin resistance after complete loss of LPS. Previous studies of LPS-deficient Acinetobacter baumannii mostly focused on LPS-deficient strains induced by polymyxin, whose background was complex and unstable. To investigate LPS loss-mediated polymyxin resistant-Acinetobacter baumannii, this study constructed a stable and clear background LPS-deficient strain by knocking out lpxC gene in Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 with CIRSPR/Cas9, and then studied the phenotypic changes of the lpxC-deficient strain including morphology, growth rate, antibiotic susceptibility, virulence, membrane permeability, and membrane potential. Animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Welfare Committee Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, CAMS and PUMC (approval number: IMB-20240119D₉). The results indicated that the lpxC gene of Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 was successfully knocked out. After losing the lpxC, the strain underwent the morphological change from rod-shaped to spherical. Furthermore, it leads to reduced growth rate, enhanced membrane permeability, decreased membrane potential, lower virulence, and increased antibiotic susceptibility to β-lactams, quinolones, aminoglycosides, macrolides, glycopeptides. The lpxC deletion results in significant changes in membrane homeostasis and adaptability of Acinetobacter baumannii. Understanding the phenotypic changes of colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii mediated by LPS loss is useful for exploring the resistance mechanism of Acinetobacter baumannii and developing new therapeutic strategies.

AIM To study the phenylpropanoids from Brandisia hancei Hook.f.and their antioxidant activities.METHODS The extract from B.hancei was isolated and purified by Rp-C18,MCI,semi-preparative HPLC,silica gel and Sephadex LH-20,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The cytotoxicities was determined by MTT method,and the antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH and ABTS+free radical scavenging methods.RESULTS Fifteen phenylpropanoids were isolated and identified as(+)-pinonesinol(1),(-)-medioresinol(2),(-)-syringaresinol(3),buddlenol D(4),(7R,7'R,7″S,8S,8'S,8″S)-4',5″-dihydroxy-3,5,3',4″-tetramethoxy-7,9':7',9-diepoxy-4,8″-oxy-8,8'-sesquineo-lignan-7″,9″-diol(5),(-)-(7R,7'R,7″R,8S,8'S,8″S)-4',4″-dihydroxy-3,3',3″,5-tetramethoxy-7,9':7',9-diepoxy-4,8″-oxy-8,8'-sesquineolignan-7″,9″-diol(6),hedyotol A(7),dracunculifoside R(8),acteoside(9),isoacteoside(10),arenarioside(11),isomartynoside(12),curcasinlignan B(13),erythro-2,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethoxypropan-l-ol(14),citrusin C(15).Compounds 1-4 and 9-10 had no obvious cytotoxicity to HepG2 hepatoma cells.Compounds 1,3,9,10 and 12 had strong scavenging activities against DPPH radicals.Compounds 1-3,9-10,12 and 14 showed strong scavenging activities against ABTS+radical.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-8 and 12-15 are isolated from genus Brandisia for the first time.The phenylpropanoids from B.hancei show strong antioxidant activities.

Objective: To get insight into the current practice of noise reduction effect of workers as they wore hearing protectors in different domestic enterprises and the possible affected factors. Methods: From October 2020 to April 2021, using a random sampling method, 1197 workers exposed to noise in petrochemical factories, textile factories, and parts manufacturing factories were selected as the study subjects. The noise reduction effect of hearing protectors worn by workers in daily use was tested using a hearing protector suitability testing system. The personal sound attenuation level (PAR) was compared among workers in three enterprises, Targeted intervention and repetitive testing were conducted for workers who did not meet the noise reduction effect required by the enterprise, and the changes in PAR of workers before and after the intervention were compared. The comparison of baseline PARs between two or more groups was performed using the Mann Whitney test, the comparison of baseline PARs with post intervention PARs was performed using the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test, and the comparison of qualitative data between two or more groups was performed using the Chi square test. Results: The median baseline PAR for all workers was 15 dB. Men, age<30 years old, education level at or above college level, working experience of 5 to 15 years, and those who used hearing protectors for 5 to 15 years had higher PARs, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The median difference in baseline PAR among workers from three enterprises was statistically significant (H=175.06, P<0.01). The median PAR of subjects who did not pass the baseline increased from 3 dB to 21 dB after intervention (Z=-27.92, P<0.01) . Conclusion: Some workers wearing hearing protectors do not meet the required PAR, and low PARs may be related to incorrect wearing methods and incorrect selection of hearing protectors. As a tool for testing, training, and assisting in selection, the hearing protector suitability testing system is of great significance for worker hearing protection.
Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control* ; Ear Protective Devices ; Noise, Occupational/prevention & control* ; Hearing ; Audiometry

This study explored a new model of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) and adjusted prostate-specific antigen density of peripheral zone (aPSADPZ) for predicting the occurrence of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). The demographic and clinical characteristics of 853 patients were recorded. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density (PSAD), PSAD of peripheral zone (PSADPZ), aPSADPZ, and peripheral zone volume ratio (PZ-ratio) were calculated and subjected to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The calibration and discrimination abilities of new nomograms were verified with the calibration curve and area under the ROC curve (AUC). The clinical benefits of these models were evaluated by decision curve analysis and clinical impact curves. The AUCs of PSA, PSAD, PSADPZ, aPSADPZ, and PZ-ratio were 0.669, 0.762, 0.659, 0.812, and 0.748 for PCa diagnosis, while 0.713, 0.788, 0.694, 0.828, and 0.735 for csPCa diagnosis, respectively. All nomograms displayed higher net benefit and better overall calibration than the scenarios for predicting the occurrence of PCa or csPCa. The new model significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of PCa (0.945 vs 0.830, P < 0.01) and csPCa (0.937 vs 0.845, P < 0.01) compared with the base model. In addition, the number of patients with PCa and csPCa predicted by the new model was in good agreement with the actual number of patients with PCa and csPCa in high-risk threshold. This study demonstrates that aPSADPZ has a higher predictive accuracy for PCa diagnosis than the conventional indicators. Combining aPSADPZ with PIRADS can improve PCa diagnosis and avoid unnecessary biopsies.
Male ; Humans ; Prostate/pathology* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen/analysis* ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Biopsy ; Nomograms ; Retrospective Studies

Animals ; Rats ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

OBJECTIVE: To explore influence of external factors of wind, cold and dampness on clinical symptoms in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients with different constitutions of traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS: A cross-sectional stratified study was performed to select 108 patients with GradeⅡKOA in Kellgren & Lawrence (K-L) classification, including 22 males and 86 females, aged from 47 to 75 years old with an average of (60.7±6.0) years old;body mass index(BMI) ranged from 17.87 to 31.22 kg·m^-2 with an average of (23.80±2.86) kg·m^-2. According to Classification and Judgment of TCM Physique (ZYYXH/T157-2009), the types of TCM physique were determined and divided into 4 layers according to the deficiency and actual physique. Among them, there were 24 patients without biased physique, 12 males and 12 females, aged from 51 to 73 years old with an average of(62.8±6.0) years old, BMI ranged from 17.87 to 31.14 kg·m^-2 with an average of (24.32±3.25) kg·m-2;there were 46 patients with virtual bias constitution, including 7 males and 39 females, aged from 47 to 70 years old with an average of (60.0±5.8) years old, BMI ranged from 19.38 to 31.22 kg·m^-2 with an average of(23.42±2.97) kg·m^-2;There were 26 patients with solid bias constitution, including 2 males and 24 females, aged from 48 to 75 years old with an average of (60.4±5.8) years old, BMI ranged from 21.16 to 30.76 kg·m^-2 with an average of (24.15±2.33) kg·m^-2;there were 9 patients with special constitution, 1 male and 8 female, aged from 53 to 75 years old with an average of (59.8±7.5) years old, BMI ranged from 19.26 to 26.67 kg·m^-2 with an average of (23.79±2.49) kg·m^-2. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was used to evaluate severity of clinical symptoms. The wind-cold-dampness external factor score was calculated through the questionnaire of wind-cold-dampness syndrome scale to evaluate degree of influence of wind-cold-dampness external factor. Pearson correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis were used to calculate the correlation coefficient between severity of external factors affecting wind, cold and dampness and severity of clinical symptoms in patients with different TCM constitution stratification. RESULTS: There was no statistical significance between total score of wind-cold-dampness and WOMAC score in patients with no biased constitution and special condition. Total wind-cold-dampness score of patients with virtual biased constitution was positively correlated with WOMAC stiffness score (r=0.327, P=0.032), and total wind-cold-dampness score of patients with solid biased constitution was positively correlated with WOMAC pain score (r=0.561, P=0.005) and WOMAC overall score (r=0.446, P=0.033). After further adjusting for the interaction of external factors of wind-cold-dampness, there was no statistical significance between wind-cold-dampness scores and WOMAC scores in patients with solid biased constitution. The score of dampness and pathogenic factors was positively correlated with WOMAC stiffness score (r=0.414, P=0.007). CONCLUSION The external factors of wind-cold dampness have different effects on the clinical symptoms of KOA patients with different TCM constitutions. Compared with other constitutions, the rigid symptoms of patients with asthenic biased constitutions are more susceptible to dampness pathogenic factors.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; Syndrome ; Wind ; Cold Temperature

This study established a method for rapid quantification of terpene lactone, bilobalide, ginkgolide C, ginkgolide A and ginkgolide B in the chromatographic process of Ginkgo Folium based on near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS). The effects of competitive adaptive reweighting sampling(CARS), random frog(RF), and synergy interval partial least squares(siPLS) on the performance of partial least squares regression(PLSR) model were compared to the reference values measured by HPLC. Among them, the correlation coefficients of prediction(Rp) of validation sets of terpene lactone, bilobalide, and ginkgolide C were all higher than 0.98, and the relative standard errors of prediction(RSEPs) were 5.87%, 6.90% and 6.63%, respectively. Aiming at ginkgolide A and ginkgolide B with relatively low content, the genetic algorithm joint extreme learning machine(GA-ELM) was used to establish the optimized quantitative analysis model. Compared with CARS-PLSR model, the CARS-GA-ELM models of ginkgolide A and ginkgolide B exhibited a reduction in RSEP from 15.65% to 8.52% and from 21.28% to 10.84%, respectively, which met the needs of quantitative ana-lysis. It has been proved that NIRS can be used for the rapid detection of various lactone components in the chromatographic process of Ginkgo Folium.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ginkgo biloba ; Lactones/analysis* ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared/methods*

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of blistering moxibustion on the expression levels of 5-hydroxytyptamine (5-HT) and its receptors of the colon tissue in the mice with visceral hypersensitivity of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), so as to explore the effect mechanism of blistering moxibustion in treatment of IBS. METHODS: Forty SPF-grade newborn Kunming mice were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, an antagonist group and a blistering moxibustion group, 10 mice in each one. Before modeling, the injection with 0.2 mL parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) was given on the lateral ventricle in the antagonist group. The endorectal glacial acetic acid stimulation combined with tail clipping was used to prepare the model of visceral hypersensitivity of IBS in the model group, the antagonist group and the blistering moxibustion group. After modeling, in the blistering moxibustion group, the intervention with blistering moxibustion was exerted at "Zhongwan" (CV 12), "Tianshu" (ST 25) and "Zusanli" (ST 36), once herbal irritant plaster at each acupoint, for 2 h each time, once a week, consecutively for 3 weeks. Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score and electromyographic (EMG) amplitude of abdominal muscles were adopted to evaluate the visceral hypersensitivity. HE staining was applied to observe the morphological changes in colon tissue, and immunohistochemistry was to determine the expression levels of 5-HT and its receptors. RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, EMG amplitude of abdominal muscles was increased under 20, 40 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) in the model group (P<0.05), AWR scores and EMG amplitude of abdominal muscles under 60, 80 mm Hg were all increased in the model group (P<0.05). In comparison with the model group, EMG amplitude of abdominal muscles was reduced under 20 mm Hg in the blistering moxibustion group (P<0.05), AWR scores were increased under 40 mm Hg in both the blistering moxibustion group and the antagonist group (P<0.05); AWR scores and EMG amplitude of abdominal muscles under 60, 80 mm Hg were all reduced in both the blistering moxibustion group and the antagonist group (P<0.05). Compared with the normal group, in the model group, the mucosa was slightly disturbed, while, the moderate inflammatory cells were visible in the submucosa. In comparison with the model group, the inherent glands of mucosa were regular in shape and a small number of inflammatory cells were visible in both the blistering moxibustion group and the antagonist group. In comparison with the normal group, the average positive staining area percentage (APSAP) of 5-HT and 5-HT₃R of the colon tissue was increased, while, APSAP of 5-HT₄R was reduced in the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, APSAP of 5-HT and 5-HT₃R was reduced in both the blistering moxibustion group and the antagonist group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Blistering moxibustion can relieve the visceral hypersensitivity of the mice with visceral hypersensitive IBS and the underlying mechanism is related to the regulation of the gut-brain axis mediated by 5-HT signaling pathway.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypersensitivity ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome/therapy* ; Mice ; Moxibustion ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin ; Signal Transduction