Objective To investigate clinical significance of proinsulin and true insulin in obese children with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).Methods There were 21 IGT and 52 normal glucose tolerance (NGT) children. Control cases were 40 normal children. The levels of serum fasting proinsulin,true insulin,insulin,c-peptide and glucose were measured in all the subjects.Results 1.Levels of fasting proinsulin,c-peptide, glucose, insulin, true insulin and homeostasis insulin resistance in obese children with IGT showed significant difference compared with NGT (P

Objective To measure the expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR) in human melanocytes and to evaluate the biologic effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on human melanocytes.Methods Melanocytes were obtained from circumcision specimens of healthy males,and neutrophils were isolated from heparin-andcoagulated peripheral blood of healthy human followed by a primary culture.Then,the melanocytes in third passage were cultured with or without the presence of various concentrations (200,400,600,800 μg/L) of rhG-CSF for 72 hours.The growth and morphology of melanocytes were observed.Flow cytometry was performed to detect the expression of G-CSFR in untreated human melanocytes,neutrophils and erythroleukemia cells (HEL 92.1.7).Western blot and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) were carried out to measure the expression of G-CSFR protein and mRNA respectively in the neutrophils,HEL 92.1.7 cells,treated or untreated human melanocytes.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation,and dopa-oxidation assay to estimate the tyrosinase activity,of treated melanocytes.Results The expression rate of G-CSFR was 76.81％ ± 10.70％ in human melanocytes,significantly higher than that in the HEL 92.1.7 cells (2.53％ ± 1.54％,P ＜ 0.01 ),but lower than that in the neutrophils (85.76％ ± 15.71％,P ＜ 0.05).Both G-CSFR protein and mRNA were expressed in melanocytes,and there was no significant differences in the expression level of G-CSFR protein and mRNA among melanocytes treated with different concentrations of rhG-CSF (both P ＞ 0.05).The expression levels of G-CSFR protein and mRNA in the melanecytes were significantly higher than those in the HEL 92.1.7 cells (both P ＜ 0.01 ),but lower than those in the neutrophils (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ).rhG-CSF at 200-800 μg/L displayed a significantly promotive effect on the proliferation of melanocytes (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05 ),and the effect was in a dose-dependent manner when rhG-CSF ranged from 200 to 600 μg/L (P ＜ 0.01 ).The rhG-CSF at 600 μg/L and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) at 20 μg/L showed an equivalent effect on the proliferation of melanocytes (164.04％ ± 13.0％ vs.165.62％ ± 10.6％,P ＞ 0.05).However,rhG-CSF from 200 to 800 μg/L had no significant impact on the tyrosinase activity of melanocytes (all P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions G-CSFR is expressed in human melanocytes. rhG-CSF can promote the proliferation of cultured human melanocytes,but has no obvious influence on the tyrosinase activity of melanocytes.

The paper probed into corporate governance and the feasibility of introducing corporate governance into China' s public hospitals based on the principal-agent theory and successful experiences of overseas hospitals.It also described the incentive and restriction mechanism of such governance.The authors proposed such key factors as evolution in property right/shareholding relationship,organization structure of introducing corporate governance,appropriate supervision,sufficient competition,and perfecting corporate governance mechanism.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelial cell-specific mitogen.Studies have shown that VEGF is closely associated with ischemic stroke,and this makes it possible to intervene in ischemic stroke from the level of VEGF and its receptor.This article reviews the biological effect of VEGF and its receptor,mechanism of action involving in various stages of ischemic stroke,and the therapeutic prospect in ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of microwave polymerization and water-bath heat polymerization on accuracy and flexural strength of denture base resin. METHODS: Ten maxillary complete dentures were prepared and divided into microwave polymerization and water-bath heat polymerization groups according to random number table, with 5 dentures in each group. In the microwave polymerization group, the dentures were heated for 9 minutes with 40% firepower, natural cooled, the pressure of flasking at 4.5 kg/mm~2. In the water-bath heat polymerization group, the temperature increased from room to 70℃, sustained for 1.5 hours, then rise to 100℃ for 0.5 hour. The dentures were maintained at 25℃ thermostatic water bath for a week. The denture base, as well as standard cast was cut down at posterior border of the second molar. Dimensional accuracy between the posterior border of upper complete denture and standardized cast at five different positions was measured by digital microscope. Specimens with 64 mm× 10 mm×2.5 mm were made for measuring flexural strength.RESULTS: ①The posterior border gaps between the upper complete denture and standardized cast was (141±78) urn and (147±74) μm cured by microwave polymerization and water-bath heat polymerization, which has no statistical difference. The flexural strength of denture base resin cured by the microwave polymerization and water-bath heat polymerization was (81.60±14.04) MPa and (84.24±17.65) MPa, and there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is no significantly difference in the accuracy and flexural strength cured by microwave polymerization and by water-bath heat polymerization, but the microwave polymerization takes shorter time than that by water-bath heat polymerization.

Objective To discuss the effects of extract of Ginkgo BilobaLeaves(EGb) on expression of cytokine of renal interstitial fibrosis induced by transforming growth factor-?1 (TGF-?1) and extracellular matrix. Methods Cultured human kidney cells(HKC) were divided into three groups: control group,TGF-?1(8 ng/mL) group,and TGF-?1(8 ng/mL) added EGb(25,50,100,150 mg/L)group.After 72 h,expression of ?-SMA was detected by cell immunochemistry ABC,and collagen type I by Real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results Treated with TGF-?1(8 ng/mL) for 72 h,expression of ?-SMA and collagen type Ⅰ were up-regulated markedly compared with control group.Treated with EGb(25,50,100,150 mg/L)and TGF-?1(8 ng/mL)concomitantly for 72 h,expression of ?-SMA and collagen typeⅠ were down-regulated in dosage dependent manner compared with TGF-?1 group. Conclusion EGb can inhibit expression of ?-SMA and collagen type I in HKC induced by TGF-?1,and the possible mechanism might be related to the inhibition of EGb on renal tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation.

Objective To investigate the changes and significance of concentration of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of bacterial meningitis(BM) in rabbits. Methods A total of 36 rabbits were randomly divided into m eningitis group, meningitis cefotaxime-treated group and control group. BM indu ced by escherichia coli(Ec) via cerebellomedullary cistern inoculated. Normal sa line was injected in control group. CSF was sampled in different time. The conce ntration of CSF sICAM-1 was detected by ELISA.Results 1.There was a low concentration of sICAM-1 in CSF in 85 percent of normal rabbi ts.2.In meningitis group, there was a sharp rise in the concentration of CSF sIC AM-1 at 6 hours after Ec was inoculated, reached a peak level at 12 hours, and t here was higher concentration of CSF sICAM-1 between 6 and 24 hour than that at 0 hour.3.In meningitis cefotaxime-treated group, the concentration of CSF sICAM -1 at 6 hour and 12 hours was similar to meningitis group, the time that get pe ak level was at 24 hours that at 12 hours after making use of antimicrobial agen t.The peak level was higher than meningitis group. The concentration of CSF sICA M-1 decreased markedly at 48 hours that made use of antimicrobial agent 36 hour s later,but the concentration was still higher than the peak level of meningitis group.Afterwards, with the time of making use of antimicrobial agent lengthened ,the concentration of CSF sICAM-1 decreased gradually.4.Experimental results in dicated by correlating analysis to these data that there was positive correlatio n in the concentration of CSF sICAM-1 with the brain water content.Conclusions sICAM-1 participates in the pathological process of BM, and contributes to the damage of blood brain barrier and the formation of brain edema.There is importan t significance that drugs which can resist the discharge of sICAM-1 will be impl ied. J Appl Clin Pediatr,2005,20(2):163-165

BackgroundPterygium is an ocular surface disease of abnormal cell proliferative kind and angiogenesis plays an important role in its development and recurrence.Several anti-angiogenic therapies have been used to treat pterygium,but there very few studtes for the in vivo observation of the microvessles in pterygium.ObjectiveThis study was to observe angiogenesis in pterygium with a high-resolution confocal microscope in vivo and to perform immunohistochemical study in vitro.MethodsA prospective case-controlled study was designed.Twenty eyes of 20 consecutive patients with primary pterygia and 20 age- and sex-matched patients with inner eye diseases and strabismus with normal conjunctiva were enrolled in this study.An in vivo confocal microscopy imaging system (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph Ⅱ Rostock Cornea Module) was used to collect microvascular pictures from the anterior part of pterygia and normal nasal conjunctiva of controls,and then immunochemistry was performed to examine the expression of CD31 in microvessel in vitro.The vascular density values were compared between these two groups.The correlation of vascular density values between in vivo Heidelberg Retina Tomograph and in vitro immunohistochemistry was calculated.Written informed consent was obtained from pationts before any examination and surgery.ResultsUnder the in vivo confocal microscope,the microvessel density was (8929±2993) μm/mm2 and (4202 ±692)μm/mm2,respectively,in pterygium and the normal conjunctiva group with a statistically significant difference between them (t =6.881,P＜0.01 ).Immunochemistry revealed that the expression of CD31 to measure vascular density was ( 21.00 ± 4.06/400 × field ) and ( 6.07 ± 1.75/400 × field ) in pterygium and the normal conjunctiva group,showing significant difference (t =12.312,P＜0.01 ).Positive correlations were found in the vascular density values between in vivo corneal laser confocal microscopy examination and in vitro immunochemistry examination in both the pterygium group and normal conjunctiva group (pterygium group:r=0.649,P＜0.01 ;normal conjunctiva group: r=0.572,P＜0.01 ) ConclusionsIn vivo confocal microscopy imaging is superior to in vitro immunochemistry in evaluating the microvessel of pterygium.The results of this study offer a new way index for further investigation of the biological behavior of pterygium and its mechanism.

Objective To analyze the research status and hotspot of occupational methanol poisoning at home and abroad. Methods ， The China National Knowledge Resource Database Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and Web of Science were used as the data sources. The relevant literatures on occupational methanol poisoning published in domestic and foreign ， Results journals up to June 30 2021 were searched. The bibliometrics was used to analyzed the literatures. A total of 255 literatures were included in analysis. There were 187 Chinese articles and 68 English articles. Most of Chinese articles were ， ， published from 2001 to 2005 with an average of 26.7 literatures per five years until June 2021. Among them 72 literatures （ ）， ， were published in core journals 38.5% and 176 authors from 27 provinces autonomous regions and municipality directly ， under the central government published relevant literatures. The research contents mainly focused on the classification ， ， poisoning mode clinical manifestations visual impairment and poisoning prevention and treatment of occupational methanol - ， poisoning. Most of the English literatures were published in 2016 2020 with an average of 4.9 articles per five years until June ， （ ）， 2021. Among them 36 were published in SCI journals 52.9% and 57 authors from 11 countries published relevant ， ， ， literatures. The research contents mainly focused on the clinical diagnosis drug treatment intoxication mechanism visual Conclusion sequelae and brain injury of occupational methanol poisoning. The research on occupational methanol poisoning ， ， ， mainly focuses on clinical diagnosis clinical manifestations treatment and prognosis and pathogenesis. The focus of relevant research at home and abroad is different.

This paper reported a new type of amylase (neoamylase) secreted by a Bacillus strain ZX99. The enzyme was a kind of ectoenzyme that could catalyze starch into isomalto-oligosaccharide effectively, but could not act on pullulan as substrate. The strain Bacillus ZX99 was mutated by ultraviolet ray and a mutant strain BS3.232 was screened. The activity of the neoamylase produced from BS3.232 increased by 60% over that from ZX99 under the same conditions. The results of thin-layer chromatography of products from starch and pullulan catalyzed by the enzyme demonstrated that the enzyme was different from neopullulanase and can be used to produce isomaltooligosaccharide from starch, including isomaltose, panose, isomaltotriose, isomaltotetose.