objective To explore the indication of mechanical ventilation and evaluate the effects of mechanical ventilation with the least delay on the Severe cases of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD).Methods Retrospective cohort study was conducted among the severe HFMD cases(n=66)admitted to pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)between July 2008 and september 2009.Sixty-six cases were divided into two groups:42 cases(group A,July 5 to October 31,2008)were ventilated with the common mechanical ventilation,24 cases(group B,April 21 to september 30,2009)were ventilated at least delay when the symptoms of neurogenic pulmonary edema appeared.Then the diffcrences on the survival rate and the mortality in the group A and group B were investigated.Results Twenty out of 42 patients died(47.6%),eighteen were cured(42.6%) and four showed improved signs(9.5%)in group A.Twenty-two out of 24 patients were cured(91.7%),two showed improved signs(8.3%)and no death in group B.The clinical effect of group B was much better tllan group A(P<0.001).Conclusion Early mechanical ventilation would improve the survival rate and decrease the mortality of severe hand-foot-mouth disease.

To explore the relationships between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutional types and overweight or obesity so as to provide evidence for adjusting constitutional bias and preventing and treating obesity.

To study the effects of alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma on low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) mRNA expression and antihyperlipedemic levels. The LDLR mRNA expression were detected by real time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) in serum were measured at the first and last examination. The results show that, after the drug treatment, compared with the model group, each drug group showed a lipid-lowering effect. Especially, coptisine, palmatine, jatrorrhinze were significantly reduced TC, TG, LDL-c (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and increased HDL-c (P < 0.01). In addition, they also increased mRNA expression of the LDLR in liver and HepG2 cells. The results showed that alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma can regulate lipid metabolism disorder, and coptisine have the best lipid-lowering effect.
Alkaloids ; administration & dosage ; Animals ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Lipid Metabolism ; drug effects ; Lipids ; blood ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; metabolism ; Mesocricetus ; Receptors, Lipoprotein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

Cocrystal separation technology is a technology that utilizes coformers to selectively form cocrystals with target compounds and separate them from mixed systems. Our study used puerarin (PUE), daidzein (DDZ), and genistein (GEN) as model drugs, which have similar structures and are the main isoflavones in Pueraria lobata root. The separation and purification processes in the modern traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) of these three components use conventional column chromatography, recrystallization, and other technologies, which have the issues of lengthy separation cycles, high solvent consumption, and inefficient preparation. Different with existing separation technology, our team used the early-found cocrystal separation method to design a step-by-step extraction and separation experiment of GEN-PUE-DDZ ternary mixture. Caffeine and L-proline were added to the mixed system in turn, GEN-caffeine cocrystal and PUE-proline cocrystal were prepared by suspension method. The cocrystals precipitated out of the solution. The purities of the GEN-caffeine cocrystal and the PUE-proline cocrystal could achieve 93% (the purity of GEN) and 99% (the purity of PUE). Besides, the purity of DDZ could also be increased by 6.76 times. This study proposed a simple operating, low cost and wide application range separation method different from the traditional separation method and realized the separation of structurally similar chemical components in TCM, laying a foundation for the application of cocrystal technology in the separation and refining of TCM.

0.05),the mean FA on the left was higher than the right(t=1.912,P

In the present study, the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in acutely isolated rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons modulated by loureirin B, an active component of "dragon's blood" which is a kind of Chinese herbal medicine, was determined by the means of Fura-2 based microfluorimetry. It was found that loureirin B could evoke the elevation of [Ca(2+)](i) in a dose-dependent manner. However, the elevation of [Ca(2+)](i) evoked in the calcium free solution was much smaller than that in the standard external cell solution, suggesting that most change of [Ca(2+)](i) was generated by the influx of extracellular Ca(2+), not by the activities of intracellular organelles like Ca(2+) stores and mitochondria. In addition, the mixture of loureirin B and caffeine also induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise, but the peak of [Ca(2+)](i) rise induced by the mixture was significantly lower than that by caffeine alone, which means the triggering pathway and the targets of caffeine are probably involved in loureirin B-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. Moreover, compared to the transients induced by caffeine, KCl and capsaicin, the loureirin B-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise is much slower and more stable. These results indicate that the capability of loureirin B of inducing the [Ca(2+)](i) rise is solid and unique.
Animals ; Caffeine ; pharmacology ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Ganglia, Spinal ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Neurons, Afferent ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Resins, Plant ; pharmacology

Objective To investigate the effect of a selective muscarinic receptor antagonist (penehyclidine hydrochloride) in three vessel occlusion model of acute global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Method One hundred and forty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham operated group,vehicle treated group (saline 1 ml,i.p.),scopolamine treated group (0.01 mg/kg,i.p.) and penehyclidine hydrochloride treated group (0.01 mg/kg,i.p.) with drugs injected 40 minutes before ischemia respectively.The ischemic duration was 10 minutes.The animals were subjected to motor activity tests (open field activity test,beam-walking test and grip test) at 24 hours or on the 3rd and 7th day after reperfusion.HE staining,TUNEL staining and immunohistochemical reactions of bax and bel-2 were carried out at the time points of 2,12,24 hours,3 and 7 days after reperfusion.TTC staining was carried out in some rats for assessment of infarction volume on the 4th day after reperfusion.Results As compared with the vehicle treated group,both penehyclidine hydrochloride treatment and scopolamine treatment decreased the numbers of apeptotie neurons (P

OBJECTIVE: Study on the application of WAIS-RC short forms and adult intelligence disability scale in mental impairment assessment. METHODS: Mental impairment assessment cases between July 2009 and March 2011 in judicial appraisal institute of Taizhou University were collected. Assessment results obtained with the WAIS-RC short forms and adult intelligence disability scale were compared with the experts assessing conclusions and analyzed using SPSS 11.5 software. RESULTS: Assessment results with the two scales did not fully comply with the expert's conclusions, with reliability coefficient were 0.785 and 0.940 respectively, correlation coefficient were 0.850 and 0.922 respectively. CONCLUSION The intelligence assessment was influenced by many factors. When the appraised individuals had nerve dysfunction and mild intelligence disability or mental disorders, the two scales should be used together. When the appraised individuals had moderate intelligence disability or mental disorders, adult intelligence disability scale had advantage.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Injuries/complications* ; Disability Evaluation ; Expert Testimony ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability/psychology* ; Intelligence ; Male ; Mental Disorders/psychology* ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Severity of Illness Index ; Wechsler Scales/statistics & numerical data* ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of alginate-polylysine-alginate (APA) microcapsules in protecting rat islet cells in cryopreservation.

METHODPurified rat islet cells microencapsulated with APA and free islet cells were cryopreserved for one month and then thawed for culture in RPMI 1640 overnight. The morphology of the cells was observed and their function assessed by stimulated insulin release test.

RESULTAPA microcapsulation protected the fragile islets from freezing damage by increasing the recovery rate of the cells from 68.6%+/-2.9% to 94.7%+/-1.4% (P<0.05). After incubation with high glucose (16.7 mmol/L) solution, the insulin release from the encapsulated cells after cryopreservation significantly increased in comparison with that of the nonencapsulated cells (22.6+/-1.8 mU/L vs 11.7+/-1.5 mU/L, P<0.05). In high glucose solution containing theophylline, the calculated stimulation index of the encapsulated cells was about 3 times that of the nonencapsulated cells.

CONCLUSIONAPA microencapsulation may significantly increase the post-thaw recovery and improve the function for cryopreserved rat islets.

Alginates ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Capsules ; Cell Separation ; Cell Survival ; Cryopreservation ; methods ; Insulin ; secretion ; Islets of Langerhans ; cytology ; secretion ; Male ; Polylysine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo observe the change of apelin and its receptor (APJ) in the lung tissue of rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by monocrotaline and to explore its significance.

METHODSTwenty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 10) and monocrotaline group (n = 15). On the twenty-first day after the rats were intraperitoneally injected 60 mg/kg monocrotaline for monocrotaline group or equal volume vehicle for control group, the mean pulmonary artery pressure was measured by right heart catheterization. Histopathological study of lung tissue was done with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson's trichrome staining. The concentration of apelin in the plasma was measured by radioimmunoassay. The expressions of apelin/APJ proteins and genes in lung tissue were measured respectively by Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSThe mean pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary vascular remodeling index, content of apelin protein in lung tissue of monocrotaline group were higher than those in control group. APJ protein and gene expression in monocrotaline group were significantly lower than those in control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), but apelin gene expression in the lung tissue between the two groups had no significant difference.

CONCLUSIONEndogenous apelin/APJ dysfunction may play an important role in the development of pulmonary hypertension induced by monocrotaline.

Animals ; Apelin ; Apelin Receptors ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Monocrotaline ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; metabolism