OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents in the active parts of Huoxue Yiqi Tang.

METHODThe silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 were used to isolate the compounds, El, FAB-MS and 1D, 2D-NMR were used to identify the obtained compounds.

RESULT14 compounds were obtained from the prescription.

CONCLUSIONThey were all first time obtained from the prescription. Among them, 7, 3'-dihydroxyl-5'-methoxyisoflavone is new.

Anthraquinones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Emodin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

To determine the optimum conditions of supercritical CO2 extraction of Xiaoyaosan, and establish its fingerprint by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the yield of extract were investigated, an orthogonal test was used to quantify the effects of extraction temperature, pressure, CO2 flow rate and time, and fingerprint analysis of different batches of extracts were by GC-MS. The optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows: extraction pressure 20 MPa, extraction temperature 50 degrees C, CO2 flow rate 25 kg x h(-1), extraction time 3 h, and average yield 2.2%. The GC-MS fingerprint was established and 27 common peaks were found, whose contents add up to 81.89% of the total peak area. Among them, 21 compounds were identified, accounting for 53.20% of the total extract. The extraction process is reasonable and favorable for industrial production. The GC-MS method is accurate, reliable, reproducible, and can be used for quality control of supercritical CO2 extract from Xiaoyaosan.
Carbon Dioxide ; chemistry ; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods

Objective To analyze the data of gene expression profiles of choriocarcinoma and screen for choriocarcinomarelated genes. Methods Human cDNA expression microarray containing 4 096 genes was used to study the gene expression profiles in specimens of complete hydatidiform moles (n=3) and choriocarcinomas (n=3), with normal placental villi serving as the control group. The candidate genes with similar expression profiles were identified by hierarchical cluster analysis, and their expressions in normal and neoplastic tissues analyzed by electronic Northern analysis and other bioinformatics methods.Three selected genes were analyzed by β-actin semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR to confirm the data. Results A total of 52 coexpressed candidate genes were identified from the gene expression data derived from the choriocarcinoma specimens, of which 19 genes were selected as choriocarcinoma-related genes by further cluster analysis, such as dynamin (L07807), kataninp60 (AF056022), zinc fingerproteinZNF184 (U6656), calmodulin (U12022), carboxypeptidaseM (BC022276), calcineurin-binding protein cabin 1 (NM_012295) and transducin-like enhancer protein TLE1 (M99435).Conclusion The identification of choriocarcinoma-related genes by cluster analysis provides new clues for seeking the key genes associated with the progression and metastasis of choriocarcinoma.

Objective To analyze the data of gene expression profiles of choriocarcinoma and screen for choriocarcinomarelated genes. Methods Human cDNA expression microarray containing 4 096 genes was used to study the gene expression profiles in specimens of complete hydatidiform moles (n=3) and choriocarcinomas (n=3), with normal placental villi serving as the control group. The candidate genes with similar expression profiles were identified by hierarchical cluster analysis, and their expressions in normal and neoplastic tissues analyzed by electronic Northern analysis and other bioinformatics methods.Three selected genes were analyzed by β-actin semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR to confirm the data. Results A total of 52 coexpressed candidate genes were identified from the gene expression data derived from the choriocarcinoma specimens, of which 19 genes were selected as choriocarcinoma-related genes by further cluster analysis, such as dynamin (L07807), kataninp60 (AF056022), zinc fingerproteinZNF184 (U6656), calmodulin (U12022), carboxypeptidaseM (BC022276), calcineurin-binding protein cabin 1 (NM_012295) and transducin-like enhancer protein TLE1 (M99435).Conclusion The identification of choriocarcinoma-related genes by cluster analysis provides new clues for seeking the key genes associated with the progression and metastasis of choriocarcinoma.

The mutations in the dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) and dual oxidase maturation factor 2 (DUOXA2) genes can cause congenital hypothyroidism (CH). This study reports the pedigree with goitrous congenital hypothyroidism (GCH) due to the coexistence of heterozygous mutations in the DUOX2 and DUOXA2 genes. The two sisters with GCH were diagnosed with CH at neonatal screening and were enrolled in this study. The DUOX2, DUOXA2, and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) genes were considered for genetic defects screening. Family members of the patients and normal controls were also enrolled and evaluated. The two girls harbored compound heterozygous mutations, including a new mutation of c.2654G>T (p.R885L) in the maternal DUOX2 allele and c.738C>G (p.Y246X) in the paternal DUOXA2 allele, that has been previously reported. The germline mutations from the families were consistent with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. No mutations in the TPO gene and the controls were observed.
Alleles ; Congenital Hypothyroidism* ; Female ; Germ-Line Mutation ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Inheritance Patterns ; Iodide Peroxidase ; Mass Screening ; Neonatal Screening ; Oxidoreductases ; Pedigree ; Siblings

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEIn computed tomography (CT)-based radiotherapy planning for prostate cancer, it is difficult to precisely delineate the prostatic apex because of its relationship with the urogenital diaphragm and bulbospongiosus musculature. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT scans of the patients with prostate cancer to investigate the relationship between the prostatic apex and the anatomic structure visible on CT, and to provide evidence for localizing the prostatic apex in radiotherapy planning.

METHODSMRI and CT scans of 108 patients with prostate cancer were analyzed to measure the distances between the prostatic apex and the bottom of ischial tuberosities, the bottom of obturator foramen, the bottom of pubic symphysis, and the bulb of the penis. The volume of the prostate was measured to analyze its relationship with the localization of the prostatic apex.

RESULTSThe prostatic apex was located (13.1±3.3) mm above the bulb of the penis, (11.0±5.4) mm above the bottom of the obturator foramen, (31.3±5.5) mm above the ischial tuberosities, and (7.1±4.7) mm above the bottom of the symphysis pubis. There was no correlation between the size of the prostate and the localization of the prostatic apex.

CONCLUSIONSThe variance of the distance between the prostatic apex and the bulb of the penis is smaller than that of the distance between the apex and bony anatomy. Delineating the target to 6 mm above the bulb of the penis can cover the prostatic apex in 95% of the patients with prostate cancer, delineating to the bottom of obturator foramen can cover the prostatic apex in 100% of the patients.

Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Penis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Prostate ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; radiotherapy ; Pubic Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical features and prognosis of benign infantile convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis (BICE).

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 436 children with BICE, and among these children, 206 were followed up for 1.5 to 7 years. Some parents were invited to complete the Weiss Functional Defect Scale to evaluate the long-term social function.

RESULTSThe peak age of onset of BICE was 13-24 months, and BICE had a higher prevalence rate in September to February of the following year. Convulsions mainly manifested as generalized tonic-clonic seizures, which often occurred within 24 hours after disease onset and lasted for less than 5 minutes each time. Sometimes they occurred in clusters. During the follow-up of 206 children, only one had epileptiform discharge, and the other children had normal electroencephalographic results. The parents of all the 206 children thought their children had normal intelligence and had no marked changes in character. Based on the Weiss Functional Defect Scale completed by the parents of some BICE children, there was no significant difference in the long-term social function between BICE children and healthy children matched by age and sex.

CONCLUSIONSBICE mainly occurs in children aged 1-2 years, with the manifestation of transient generalized seizures in most children and cluster seizures in some children. BICE seldom progresses to epilepsy and has good prognosis.

Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy, Benign Neonatal ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastroenteritis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

To construct plasmid of recombinant protein candidate vaccine of respiratory syncytial virus, express it in E. coli, and to investigate its immunogenicity and protective efficacy. A CD8+ T cell epitope from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) M2 protein F/M2:81 - 95 and the G:125-225 (G1) gene fragments from RSV-G protein containing B cell epitopes were amplified by PCR method and then inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-DsbA after bonding to a linker. The fusion protein DsbA-G1-Linker-F/M2:81-95 (D-G1LF/M2) was expressed successfully in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The product was proved to be RSV-specific by Western-blot. After purified by affinity chromatography on Ni+ Sepharose and renatured by gradient dialysis. D-G1LF/M2 was used to immune BALB/c mice. D-G1LF/M2 induced high anti-D-G1LF/M2 IgG, anti-RSV IgG and neutralizing antibody titers in serum and lung of BALB/c mice, and elicied RSV-specific CTL responses. The IgG subclass distribution revealed that IgG1/IgG2a ratio was 2.66. Viral titration indicated that D-G1LF/M2 could protect BALB/c mice against RSV challenge in lung.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; immunology ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plasmids ; genetics ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; prevention & control ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ; genetics ; immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics ; Viral Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

China ; Cost of Illness ; Demography ; Female ; Humans ; Maternal Mortality ; Poverty Areas

OBJECTIVETo isolate and identify compounds from Picria fel-tarrae in order to utilize it better.

METHODConstituents from Picria fel-tarrae were isolated by several column chromatography and their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral analysis.

RESULTSix compounds, N-benzoylphenylalanyl-L-phenylalaninol acetate (1), 1-hydroxy-7-hydroxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinone (2), 9, 16-dioxo-10,12,14-octadeca-trienoic acid (3), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-flavone (4), beta-sitosterol (5), and daucosterol (6) were obtained from the fraction with relatively low polarity of EtOH extract of Picria fel-tarrae.

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-6 were isolated from picria fel-tarrae Lour for the first time, and the 13C-NMR data of compounds 1-3 are provided firstly in the literature.

Apigenin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Dipeptides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Scrophulariaceae ; chemistry ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification