BACKGROUND:Open reduction pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fracture could obtain satisfactory effects, and has been extensively used. However, it has potential risk during and after repair. Minimaly invasive percutaneous pedicle screw technique minimizes the trauma and complications of soft tissue. It remains poorly understood which is better minimaly invasive percutaneous or conventional open pedicle screw fixation for the repair of thoracolumbar fracture. OBJECTIVE:To perform quality evaluation and meta-analysis on curative effect and postoperative complications of minimaly invasive percutaneous and conventional open pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. METHODS:A detailed search of several electronic databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, WanFang, CNKI, VIP and CBM, was undertaken. Simultaneously,Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics, Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, and Chinese Journal of Trauma were checked by hand to identify controled trials regarding minimaly invasive percutaneous and conventional open pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures published from inception to 2015, and the references of the included studies were checked. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, references were screened, data were extracted and quality was evaluated by four investigators independently. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.2 software. The quality of references of the included controled trials was assessed with CONSORT statement and some surgery clinical evaluation indexes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We included 28 studies, including 25 randomized controled trials/quasi-randomized controled trials and 3 retrospective comparative studies, with 1 285 patients. Meta-analysis results demonstrated that compared with the conventional open pedicle screw, minimaly invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation could significantly reduce operation time, blood loss, hospital stays, postoperative complication rate and height loss (P < 0.05). No significant difference in postoperative pain grade was detected between them (P > 0.05). These results indicate that minimaly invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fracture was safe and reliable, had smal trauma, less blood loss, rapid recovery, short hospital stay, and less postoperative complications. Nevertheless, methods and results of most studies are not detailed enough. We suggested reporting randomized controled trials according to related standards in order to improve the report quality and authenticity of randomized controled trials.

Objective To identify and characterize uveal melanoma associated protein variants with two-dimensional electrophore- sis and mass spectrometry.Design Experiment study.Participants 4 cases of specimens of uveal melanoma and 4 cases of normal con- tributed uveal tissue.Methods Proteins from uveal melanoma and normal urea were separated with two-dimensional eleetrophoresis (2-DE)and visualized with Coomassie G-250.Gels were analyzed by Image Master 5.0 software.The mass spectra were measured by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizatian time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS)and searched against NCBI database using Mascot software.Main Outcome Measures Differential proteins.Results A set of 30 proteins were differentially expressed in uveal melanoma compared to nomal urea.Twenty-four types of protein only expressed in uveal melanoma.Five types of protein were up-regu- lated and 1 type of one down-regulated.These proteins can be subdivided into groups according to cellular function,such as enzyme, signal transduction,signal regulation,cytoskehton,immune,etc.Conclusions There is significant difference in protein profilings be- tween uveal melanoma and normal uvea.The differentially expressed proteins may be associated with the development of uveal melanoma.

OBJECTIVETo study the stability of chlorogenic acid, cynaroside and 3,5-O-discaffeoylquinc acid in Hangbaiju and Gongju and to predict their term of validity.

METHODHangbaiju and Gongju were incubated in an environmental chamber at different temperatures and relative humidities. After the incubation, quantitative determination of chlorogenic acid, cynaroside, 3,5-O-discaffeoylquinc acid in Hangbaiju and Gongju were measured by HPLC. The effective period of the preparation was calculated according to Arrhinius index law. Quantitative determination of 3,5-O-discaffeoylquinc acid, cynaroside, chlorogenic acid in Hangju and Gongju were analyzed by HPLC.

RESULTThe stable life of Hangbaiju has been determined as 2.25 years. The stable life of Gongju has been determined as 4.31 years.

CONCLUSIONThe high temperature is not conducive to the stability of Hangbaiju and Gongju, which needs to be placed in a dark and cool place.

Chlorogenic Acid ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chrysanthemum ; chemistry ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo study the content change of chlorogenic acid in honeysuckle under different temperature, and predict its term of validity at room temperature.

METHODThe content of chlorogenic acid was assayed by HPLC. The activation energy E(a) and the decomposition rate constant K were calculated by initial average rate stability tests and the prediction was carried out.

RESULTThe stable life of honeysuckle has been determined as 1.29 years.

CONCLUSIONThe initial average rate stability test was used to predict stable life of honeysuckle, and the results are credible. Higher temperature should be avoided for honeysuckle store, and room temperature should guarantee its quality during storage.

Chlorogenic Acid ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Stability ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo study the total content change of psoralea and isopsoralea in Psoralea corylifolia under different temperature, and predict its term of validity by initial average rate stability test in order to provide the basis for assessing its quality.

METHODThe reaction rate constant K was replaced by initial velocity V. According to Arrhenius rule, storage period was obtained at room temperature.

RESULTThe stable life of P. corylifolia has been determined as 0.53 years.

CONCLUSIONThe high temperature is not conducive to the stability of the P. corylifolia, which need to store in a dark and cool place.

Drug Stability ; Psoralea ; chemistry ; Temperature

Objectivc To investigate the protective effect of simvastatin on retinal ganglion cells (RGC) after optic nerve crush (ONC).Methods Together 50 Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal group,sham group,ONC group and simvastatin protection group.The mice in the normal group were untreated,the sham group was treated with the exposure of the optic nerve without injury,the ONC group mice underwent ONC operation on the left eyes,followed by intravitreal administration of equilibrium solvent [50 mg · mL-1 ethanol plus 1 mol · L-1 NaOH,which were activated by 1 mol · L-1 HC1 (pH 7.2)],and the simvastatin protection group was intravitreally injected different concentrations of simvastatin (0.5 g · L-1,1.0 g · L-1,1.5 g · L-1) after ONC operation.Brn3a immunofluorescence staining,HE staining and toluidine blue staining were used to detect the apoptosis of RGC and pathological changes of optic nerve.Results On day 7 after operation,in the ONC group,the apoptosis of RGC was observed obviously,with the survival rate dropping to (35.1 ± 3.9) ％,and the thickness from the retinal ganglion cell layer to outer nuclear layer was decreased from (123.13 ± 1.04) μm to (97.48 ± 2.33) μm,which was significantly thinner than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01);moreover,the fibrous bundle of optic nerve disappeared,and the neuroglial cells were clustered into groups,as well as the axons showed swelling and serious degeneration,but after intravitreal injection of 1.0 g · L-1 simvastatin,the survival rate of retinal ganglion cells increased to (76.3 ± 3.7) ％ (P ＜ 0.05),and the aforementioned thickness was increased to (111.39 ± 4.06) μm,which was statistically significant when compared with the ONC group (P ＜ 0.01).The degeneration of optic nerve was improved,and the structure of neuroglial cell axons and the nerve fibers became normal.Conclusion Simvastatin can reduce the optic nerve degeneration and improve the survival rote of retinal ganglion cells.

OBJECTIVETo take intervention measures for health promotion after investigation of occupational health needs among employees, to analyze the economic input and output of the intervention measures, and to analyze the feasibility of health promotion through cost-effectiveness analysis and cost-benefit analysis.

METHODSA survey was conducted in an enterprise using a self-designed questionnaire to investigate the general information on enterprise, occupational history of each employee, awareness of occupational health knowledge, awareness of general health knowledge, awareness of hypertension, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, etc., lifestyle, and needs for health knowledge. Intervention measures were taken in the enterprise according to the investigation results, and then investigation and economic analysis of investment in health promotion, economic benefit, and absence of employees were performed using the questionnaire.

RESULTSAfter intervention, the awareness rate of the Code of Occupational Disease Prevention increased from 4.5% to 15.3%, the awareness rate of the definition of occupational diseases increased from 4.5% to 73.5%, and the awareness rate of the prevention and control measures for occupational diseases increased from 38.4% to 85.8%. Before intervention, 25.4%of all employees thought salt intake needed to be reduced, and this proportion increased to 92.5% after intervention. After the control strategy for health promotion, the benefit of health promotion that results from avoiding absence of employees and preventing occupational diseases was more than ten times the investment in health promotion, suggesting a significant benefit of health promotion conducted in the enterprise.

CONCLUSIONThe return on health promotion's investment for enterprise is worth. Health promotion really not just contribute to improve hygienic knowledge but increase the economic benefit.

Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Health Promotion ; economics ; Occupational Health Services ; economics ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Workplace

OBJECTIVETo develop a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for detection of monoamine neurotransmitters and its metabolites after pre-column derivatization with dansyl chloride.

METHODSThe C(18) chromatograph column (150 mm×4.6 mm×5 µm) was selected for detection, and derived by dansyl chloride (10 mg/ml) under the condition of 50°C water bath by pH11 buffer solution. 20 µl acetic acid acetone solution (1.0 mol/L) was then mixed in for termination of the reaction. Then the solution was cooling to room temperature, 0.1 mol/L acetic acid zinc-acetonitrile-tetrahydrofuran solution was adopted for mobile phrase, with the volume ratio at 62:35:3. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min between 0-10 min, 2.0 ml/min between 10-35 min. The ultraviolet detection wavelength was 286 nm. The above method separately detected monoamine neurotransmitters and its metabolites and evaluated the limit of detection, accurate degree and accuracy degree.

RESULTSThe linear relations between each component was good in the range of 1 - 20 µg/ml (r = 0.999). The lowest detection limit of norepinephrine, dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and the metabolites 3-methoxy-4-benzoglycols, homovanillic acid and 5-heteroauxin were separately 0.60, 0.80, 0.41, 0.21, 0.19 and 0.1 µg/ml; while the average recovery rates were between 78.5% - 95.9%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 6.62%, 7.64%, 2.98%, 3.60%, 5.09% and 3.09%, respectively. In the process of selection and optimization of the chromatographic conditions, we observed the importance of metal ions to discretion, and discussed the temperature, pH of the buffer solution and dosage of dansyl chloride in derivation. Under the above conditions, the reaction was perfect, and the baseline of the detected materials thoroughly separated.

CONCLUSIONThe method to detect monoamine neurotransmitters and its metabolites by HPLC and pre-column derivatization with dansyl chloride was established; and this method could provide reference for the detection of polyamine by HPLC.

Biogenic Monoamines ; analysis ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Dansyl Compounds ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; analysis ; metabolism

Computer Communication Networks ; Humans ; Radiology Information Systems ; Telemedicine

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application of tunica vaginalis flap in repairing the deformity of urethra and urethral fistulas.

METHODSTunica vaginalis flap from the scrotum were used to wrap the reconstructed urethra in the 38 cases of hypospadias urethroplasty and urethral fistulas repair from 2002.

RESULTSAll of cases were followed up for six months to one year. There was a fistula reoccurred after epispadias fistula repair, the repair was successful in other patients. There was no recurrent fistulas or urethral strictures. Penile cosmesis was excellent and erected well.

CONCLUSIONSThe application of tunica vaginalis flap in urethral repair can raise achievement ratio and reduce the incidence of urethral fistulas. The flap is ease to mobilize with no harmful effects on the testicles.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Male ; Scrotum ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Testis ; surgery ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urethral Diseases ; surgery ; Urinary Fistula ; surgery ; Young Adult