Background Oxidative stress is one of the pathogenesis mechanisms of diabetic complications.Melatonin is the most powerful antioxidant in living organism.Seldom study on the effects of melatonin on diabetic complications is found in China now.Objective This study aimed to detect the expression and alteration of malonadehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH)and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)in retina with experimental diabetes and explore the effects of melatonin on retinal oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Methods The animal models of diabetes were established by injection of 2％ streptozocin via caudal vein(STZ,45 mS/kg)in 48 6-week-old clean SD rats.Isometric citric acid buffer solution wag injected in 24 normal.rats as control group.Seven days after injection of STZ,melatonin(10 mg/kg)was injected into the abdominal cavity of 24 diabetic rats in melatonin group dailv,and the equal volume of normal saline was injected in other 24 diabetic rats(model rats)and 24 rats in normal control group.The animals were sacrificed and retinas were obtained in three groups in 4,6 and 8 weeks respectively.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of GFAP in rat retina.The levels of MDA and GSH in retina homogenate were assayed by spectrophotometer.This experiment complied the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results The expression of GSH in model group was lower than that in melatonin group or control group at 4,6 and 8 weeks (all P<0.05).However,no statistically significant difference was seen in the expression level of GSH between melatonin group and normal control group at 4 and 6 weeks(P>0.05),and in the eighth week,expression of GSH in melatonin group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The expressions of MDA and GFAP were more prominent in the model group than in melatonin group and control group in 4,6 and 8 weeks(P<0.05),but no significant difference was found between melatonin group and control group at 4 and 6 weeks(P>0.05).The expressions of MDA and GFAP in melatonin group were higher than those in control group at 8 weeks(P<0.05).Conclusion Melatonin plays a powerful effect in protecting the retina from oxidative stress in diabetes retina by downregulating the MDA level,upregulating GSH level and inhibiting GFAP expression.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Buruli Ulcer ; pathology ; surgery ; DNA, Bacterial ; analysis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium ulcerans ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Tuberculosis, Cutaneous ; pathology

To investigate the effect of Yisui Jiedu Recipe (YSJDR), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on cytokines and their corresponding just another kinase 2-signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (JAK2-STAT5) signal transduction pathway in bone marrow hematopoietic cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome-refractory anemia (MDS-RA).

Objective Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is a rare malignant small round cell tumor .This paper aimed to study the clinical and pathological features of primary pulmonary primitive neuroectodermal tumor . Methods We collected 2 cases of primary pulmonary PNET to review the clinical and pathological features .Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect immune mark-ers, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was applied to detect EWS translocation. Results 2 patients were aged 33 years and 17 years.Microscopically, the tumor cell was composed of single small round cells in diffusion or in distribution of sheets or beams , with scant cytoplasm , oval or spindle-shaped nucleus , high mitotic count .Irregular tumor necrosis scattered in the tumor along with visi-ble rosette structure.Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were positive for CD 99, FLI-1 and Syn, while CKpan, EMA, Desmin, CgA, TTF1, CD34 were negative.EWS/FLI1 translocations were detected positive in both the cases .2 patients died 7 months and 32 months after operation , respectively . Conclusion Primary pulmonary PNET is rare , so the selection of appropriate im-mune markers (CD99, FLI-1, Syn) and FISH for the detection of EWS translocation helps to improve the accuracy of diagnosis .

AIM:To study the visual acuity and refractive status of students pupils and middle school students in Shenzhen, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of myopia.
METHODS:A cluster sampling method was used to select five primary school students(6 737) and three junior middle school students(1 925) from Shenzhen. The visual acuity, anterior segment, fundus, eye position, and refractive status were measured. Information on associated factors for poor vision were also obtained using a questionaire. The risk factors of poor vision and the rate of myopia between grade or gender were analysed by Chi-square test.
RESULTS:The rate of poor vision was 67. 0%. Female, family history of high myopia, long time of continuous look near, short time of outdoor activities were the main risk factors. The rate of emmetropia, hyperopia, astigmatism and myopia were 15. 1%, 11. 3%, 11. 0% and 62. 6% respectively. Emmetropia, hyperopia and astigmatism incidenece rate decreased with age growing, but myopia incidence rate was increased. There were significant differences between adjacent two grades in myopia(χ2=7. 338-45. 018, P<0. 05 ) except the primary grade six and the junior grade one. There were significant differences between boys ( 61. 0%) and girls ( 65. 5%) in myopia(χ2=17. 180, P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION:The rate of poor vison is pretty high in students of Shenzhen aged between 5 to 16 years old, and myopia is the main reason. The development rate of myopia is increased with age. Early management of myopia may play an important role in controlling poor vision in students.

Objective To detect the expression of human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) in advanced lung adenocarcinoma with epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, and to explore the potential of HER-2 as a therapeutic target for drug resistance in patients with EGFR mutations. Methods HER-2 is commonly expressed in the advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations, mainly in the cell membrane. Results The overexpression rate of HER-2 protein in tissues of advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations was 33.3%(28/84). The overexpression rate of HER-2 protein in patients>50 years of age was 40.3%(27/67), which was significantly higher than that of patients ≤50 years of age [5.9 % (1/17)], the difference was statistically significant (χ2=7.227, P=0.007). The overexpression rate of HER-2 protein in patients with high pathological differentiation [44.4 % (8/18)] was higher than that in patients with poor pathological differentiation [30.3%(20/66)], but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=1.273, P=0.259). The overexpression of HER-2 protein in patients with EGFR 21 exon mutation [40.5 % (17/42)] was significantly higher than that of EGFR19 exon mutation [25.0%(10/40)], but the difference was not statistical significance (χ2=2.222, P=0.136). Conclusions The overexpression rate of HER-2 protein in advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutation is high, which is related to the age and tumor differentiation. HER-2 is expected to be a potential therapeutic target for drug resistance patients with EGFR mutations.

Objective To investigate the spiral CT features of gastric carcinoma in the invasion and metastasis and its correlation with the expression of phosphatase and tensin horology deleted on chormosome ten(PTEN)and basic fibroblast grouth factor(bFGF).Methods Spiral CT plain scan and triphasic enhanced scans were performed in 83 patients.The postoperative specimens were embedded with paraffin to obtain 5?m thickness tissues and stained with HE and immunohistochemistry.Spiral CT findings were compared with the expression of phosphatase and tensin horology deleted on chormosome ten(PTEN)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF).Results(1)The accuracy of spiral CT in T and N staging of gastric carcinoma was 94.0%(78/83)and 89.2%(74/83),respectively.(2)The expression of PTEN was 47.0%(39/83)in gastric carcinoma.The expression of PTEN in T_(3.4)(40.8%,29/71)and N_(1+2) (38.3%,23/60)gastric carcinoma was significantly lower than that of T_2(10/12)and N_0(16/23)gastric carcinoma,respectively(X~2=7.439,P=0.006;X~2=6.511,P=0.011).(3)The expression of bFGF was 63.9%(53/83)in gastric carcinoma.The expression of bFGF in T(3.4)(70.4%,50/71)and N_(1+2) (71.7%,43/60)gastric carcinoma was significantly higher than that of T_2(3/12)and N_0(10/23)gastric carcinoma,respectively(X~2=7.314,P=0.007;X~2=5.724,P=0.017).(4)Both PTEN-positive expression and bFGF-positive expression were detected in 16 specimens.The expression of PTEN(41.0%, 16/39)was negatively correlated with that of bFGF(30.2%,16/53)(r=-0.447,P=0.000). Conclusion Spiral CT triphasic enhanced scans combined with biologic characteristics can improve diagnostic accuracy of gastric carcinoma in the invasion,metastasis and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: It is easy and feasible to treat anterior urethral stricture using internal urethrotomy, however, its drawback is high recurrence in the long-term follow-up. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of submucosal injected verapamil on prevention of anterior urethral stricture recurrence after internal urethrotomy. METHODS: Totally 60 consecutive males with anterior urethral stricture underwent internal urethrotomy with or without urethral submucosal injection of verapamil, in the Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, from December 2006 to April 2008, were selected. All cases were followed up at least 24 months.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All cases were followed up for 24-39 months, with an average of 28.5 months. Urethral stricture recurred in two cases in the verapamil-treated group but 8 cases in the untreated group. This difference in stricture recurrence between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The results demonstrated that submucosal injection of verapamil at the stricture site significantly reduces the stricture recurrence rate after internal urethrotomy. Further studies involving larger number of cases and longer follow-up are warranted to confirm the efficacy and safety of this therapy.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of Yiqi Huazhi recipe Quqian granules on rat renal tubular cell apoptosis induced by lead poisoning. Methods:Totally 60 Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups, 12 in the control group and the others in the model group. Chronic lead poisoning model was made by drinking 0. 02% lead acetate water for 60 days. Then the lead poisoning rats were randomly divided into four groups, high-dose Quqian granules group (3. 0 g·kg-1·d-1), low-dose Quqian granules group (0. 6 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) , positive control group ( calcium disodium edentate plus procaine, im, 50 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) and model group. Seven treatment courses were carried out in the first three groups with every 4-d as one course and 4-d withdrawal period between every two courses. After 60 days, the change of lead in blood and kidney was observed by atomic absorption spectrometry,the apoptosis of kidney tissues was studied by TUNEL, the expression of Bcl-2 protein was detected by immunohistochemical methods and the expression of p53 was studied by Western Blotting. Results:Compared with the control group, the body weight, hemoglobin and the expression of Bcl-2 in the model group were decreased significantly(P<0.01)those in, and Pb in blood(0.990 ±0.443)μg·ml-1, Pb in kidney(51.33 ± 5. 16)μg·ml-1 , the apoptosis of tubular epithelial cell(4. 148 ± 0. 414) and the expression of p53 protein (1. 868 ± 0. 139) were significantly higher (P<0. 05). Compared with the those in model group, the body weight, hemoglobin and Bcl-2 in high-dose group were increased significantly(P<0.01), and the blood lead level (0.082 ±0.015)μg·ml-1, the kidney lead level (6.38 ±0.97)μg ·ml-1 , the apoptosis of tubular epithelial cell(1. 412 ± 0. 109) and p53 protein expression(1. 164 ± 0. 172) were significantly lower (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Lead may induce high expression of p53,low expression of Bcl-2 and promote the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells. It is proven that Yiqi Huazhi recipe Quqian granules can inhibit the expression increase of p53 and the expression de-crease of Bcl-2 resulting in the reduction of the renal tubular apoptosis to allivate the renal injury caused by lead.

Objective To investigate that the relationship of serum concentration of copeptin ,procalcitonin(PCT )and early diagnosis ,prognosis in patients with cerebral hemorrhage‐associated pulmonary infection .Methods One hundred and twenty pa‐tients with acute cerebral hemorrhage ,acute cerebral hemorrhage‐associated pulmonary infection and 60 healthy individuals (the control group) admitted in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2013 were selected and detected for serum copeptin and procalcitonin .The differences of serum copeptin ,procalcitonin levels were compared in controls ,in patients with cerebral hemor‐rhage and cerebral hemorrhage‐associated pulmonary infection and their correlation was analyzed .Results The levels of serum copeptin in the cerebral hemorrhage‐associated pulmonary infection were significantly higher than that in control group and the cer‐ebral hemorrhage (P<0 .05) .The levels of serum procalcitonin in control group and the cerebral hemorrhage were significantly lower than that in the cerebral hemorrhage‐associated pulmonary infection ,the levels of serum C‐reactive protein ,copeptin ,procalci‐tonin and the APACHEⅡ scores of the patients with survival group were significantly lower than those with non‐survival group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The levels of serum copeptin and procalcitonin are correlated intimately with cerebral hemorrhage‐associat‐ed pulmonary infection .They are important clinical parameters to reflect the early diagnosis and prognosis of cerebral hemorrhage‐associated pulmonary infection .