Objective To evaluate the efficacy of gentamicin solution in transurethral ureteroscopic lithotripsy to prevent postop- erative infection.Methods Prospective clinical randomized control study was conducted.From July 2003 to June 2006,116 ca- ses of ureteral stones at high risk of postoperative infection were randomized into control group or gentamicin group.Patients in gentamicin group received gentamicin solution for washing in the operation.All the patients undergoing operation were followed up for 2 weeks after operation.Diagnosis of postoperative infection was based on clinical manifestations.Results A total of 109 patients received operation in all the 116 cases,including 58 cases in gentamicin group and 51 cases in control group.Thirteen cases of postoperative infection were identified in all the patients receiving operation (11.93%),3 cases in gentamicin group and 10 in control group.The incidence of postoperative infection was significantly different between the two groups (X~2= 5.3342,P=0.0209).Eight cases had positive bacterial culture.Of the microbiological isolates,2 were gram-positive bacteria, 5 gram-negative bacteria and 1 Candida albicans.Conclusions The most common pathogen causing postoperative infection after transurethral ureteroscopic lithotripsy is gram-negative bacteria.The use of gentamicin solution for washing in the operation can reduce the incidence of postoperative infection.

Objective: To establish a method for determination of methone and pulegone in Herba Schizonepetae. Methods: The contents of menthone and pulegone were determined by GC (equipped with FID) with HP-5 fused capillary column (5% phenyl methyl siloxane 30m?0.32mm?0.25?m) after the samples were extracted by the solvents. Results: The linear ranges were 0.002-5.0g/L (r=0.9999) for menthone and 0.002-5.0g/L (r=0.9996) for pulegone, the recoveries of menthone and pulygone were 96.30%-103.9% and 95.7%-102.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The method was simple and accurate, which could be applied to the determination of menthone and pulegone in Herba Schizonepetae.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of endoscopy and enteral nutrition (EN) in the treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) in elderly patients and its impact on prognosis.Methods Eighty-four elderly patients with ABP were randomly divided into two groups,including 42 cases of combination treatment group,42 cases of routine treatment group.The routine treatment group was managed with normal comprehensive treatment,and in combination treatment group,patients were treated with additional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP),endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and endoscopic naso-biliary (ENBD) drainage and EN.The clinical symptoms,serum inflammatory cytokines,complications and prognosis were compared.Results The CRP,TNF-α,IL-2,and serum amylase,glucose,AST after treatment were significantly lowered than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05).In addition,the levels of CRP,TNF-α,IL-2,and serum amylase,glucose,AST,ALB in combination treatment group were significantly lower than those in routine treatment group (P ＜ 0.05).The time to abdominal pain cessation,time to fever cessation,hospital stay in combination treatment group were (4.6± 1.3),(3.7± 1.3),(13.5± 2.7) d,which were significantly lower than those in routine treatment group [(6.1 ± 1.3),(5.5 ± 2.1),(18.1 ± 3.8) d,P ＜ 0.05].The APACHE Ⅱ score of combination group after treatment was (7.l ± 1.8) point,which was significantly lower than that in routine treatment group [(9.2 ± 2.6) point,t =3.41,P ＜ 0.05)].The incidence rates of ARF,ARDS,peri-pancreatic infection and abdominal hemorrhage,in combination group were 7.1％,4.8％,4.8％,4.8％,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in routine treatment group (23.8％,19.1％,21.4 ％,19.1％,P＜0.05).The mortality in combiration group was 4.8％,which was lower than 16.7％ in routine treatment group with no statistical significant.Conclusions It is a safe and effective to treat elderly ABP patients with endoscopy combined with EN,which can significantly reduce complications and mortality.

Animals ; Enterovirus A, Human ; genetics ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Humans ; Reverse Genetics ; methods

Guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP1) is an interferon induced protein, that belongs to the guany late-binding protein family. GBP1 is widely involved in anti-infection immune responses, anti-tumor activity and various biological reactions. Recent studies have proved that IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma, IL1alpha, IL1beta, TNF-alpha and LPS can induce GBP1 expression; hence, the diverse biological functions of GBP1 have been gradually deduced and exploited. Many studies have been performed over recent years to understand the exact mechanisms that underlie the anti-infection and anti-tumor properties of GBP1. This review describes the molecular structure, biological activity, anti-infective properties and other functions of GBP1, in order to provide insights into the divergent roles of GBP1 in the regulation of various biological processes.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; metabolism ; Antiviral Agents ; metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interferons ; genetics ; metabolism

RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) belong to pattern recognition receptors, which perform significant roles in antiviral responses. RLRs can initiate a cascade of signaling transduction that induces the production of type I interferon and activates the interferon signaling pathway, ultimately resulting in antiviral responses. In the course of evolution, viruses have been constantly counteracting host immune systems to facilitate their own survival and replication, and have developed a set of antagonistic strategies. These mainly comprise elusion, disguise and attack strategies to eliminate the activation of RLRs. In virus-infected cells, RLRs recognize viral RNA and then induce antiviral responses. A better understanding of viral antagonistic strategies against RLRs will provide insights into the development of new antiviral medicines. This mini-review concludes that there are three main antagonistic strategies by which RNA viruses can counteract the activation of the RLRs pathway. It aims to provide references and insights for similar studies on viral antagonism in an array of RNA viruses.
DEAD Box Protein 58 ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases ; genetics ; immunology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; RNA Viruses ; genetics ; immunology ; physiology ; RNA, Double-Stranded ; genetics ; immunology ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; immunology ; Virus Diseases ; genetics ; immunology ; virology

AlM: To study the clinical effect of the application of microscopic pterygium resection combined with different concentration of mitomycin C ( MMC) .
METHODS:A total of 110 cases of pterygium patients (120 eyes) were randomly divided into control group (58 eyes) and observation group (62 eyes) according to the odd and even number method. The control group adopted the pterygium resection combined 0. 3mg/mL MMC, and the observation group was given pterygium resection combined 0. 2mg/mL MMC. The cure rate and the recurrence rate, eyesight before and after the treatment, two groups of cornea and sclera wound healing situation, the incidence of postoperative complications were compared.
RESULTS: The cure rate and recurrence rate of the control group was 84. 5% and 15. 5% respectively, and the observation group was 93. 6% and 6. 5% respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05). There were statistical differences of vision of the two groups before and after treatment (P<0. 05), and there were no statistical differences of the two groups between the two groups after treatment (P>0. 05). The cornea, sclera, wound healing time of the observation group were less than the control group, and there were statistical differences between the two groups ( P < 0. 05 ). The incidence of complications was 13. 8% in the control group and 3. 2% in observation group, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSlON: The application effect of microscopic pterygium resection combined with MMC is remarkable, and the joint of 0. 2mg/mL concentration of MMC is more safe and effective, and is worth popularizing in clinical application.

Objective To discuss the feasibility and benefits of staged ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy in complicated cases. Methods From May 2005 to May 2008, the staged ureteroscopic procedure was done in 56 cases for ureteric stricture, kinking, spasm or high mobility of ureteric mucosa. Encountering difficulties, with the guide wire settled in place, the endoscopic procedure was ended and a ureteral stent was set. A second ureteroscopic procedure was carried out two weeks later. Results There was no difficulty for the insertion and the advancing of the ureteroscope two weeks later in all 56 cases. Among the 41 cases previously having the ureteric calculi, the stone was pushed into the kidney by the stent in 16 cases. There was no surgical complication during the second procedure. After three months the complete evacuation rate of the calculus was 96.4%. No patient experienced a fever >39.1 ℃ after the first attempt. Conclusions For complicated cases, such as ureteric stricture, spasm, kinking and high mobility of the ureteric mucosa which hinder the safe advancing of the ureteroscope, staged ureteroscopic procedure might be a safe and effective choice.

Objective To investigate the effect of tea polyphenols on global cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.Method Forty-five pathogen-free male SD rats weighing 180-220 g were randomly divided into 3 groups( n =15 each):sham operation group (group S),cerebral ischemia reperfusion group (group IR) and tea polyphenols group (group TP).Global cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury was establish by four-vessel occlusion method.At 24 h of reperfusion,five rats were chosen and Evan's blue(EB) was injected iv,and then sacrificed and brain was removed for determination of EB content; another five rats were sacrificed and brain was removed for determination of water content; five rats were chosen for Morris water maze test.Result Compared with group S,EB content and water content in brain tissue were increased in groups IR and 'rP,and escape latency was prolonged,frequency of crossing the original platform was reduced in group IR ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with group IR,EB content and water content in brain tissue were decreased,and escape latency was shortened,frequency of crossing the original platform was increased in group Tp ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Tea polyphenols can attenuate global cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.

The amino acid contents of five floral sources Chinese honeys (jujube, rape, chaste, acacia, and lungan) were measured using reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The results showed that proline was the main amino acid in most of the analyzed samples. Phenylalanine presents at the highest content in chaste honey samples, and the total amino acid contents of chaste honeys were also significantly higher than those of other honey samples. Based on the amino acid contents, honey samples were classified using chemometric methods (cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and discriminant analysis (DA)). According to the CA results, chaste honeys could be separated from other honeys, while the remaining samples were correctly grouped together when the chaste honey data were excluded. By using DA, the overall correct classification rate reached 100%. The results revealed that amino acid contents could potentially be used as indicators to identify the botanical origin of unifloral honeys.