Objective To investigate the results of graft repair of peripheral nerve defects using small intestinal submucosa(SIS) with crude Schwann cells. Methods Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,with 12 in each group.Firstly,12-mm gaps of sciatic nerve were made in rats and then treated respectively with porcine SIS(group A),SIS compounded with crude Schwann cells(group B) and auto-nerve grafting(group C) in the three groups.The grafts were harvested 16 weeks postoperatively to evaluate the results of nerve regeneration through histological examination, triceps surae weight,computerized imaging analysis,Trueblue retrograde tracing and transmission electron microscopy. Results Nerve regeneration was confirmed to have extended through the gaps according to the results of histological examination,Trueblue retrograde tracing and transmission electron microscopy.Furthermore,in the respect of triceps surae weight,quantity of axis cylinder per area and percentage of neural tissue,the results of group B and group C were superior to those of group A with a significantly statistical difference(P0.05). Conclusion SIS compounded crude Schwann cells was able to achieve the outcome of auto-nerve grafting and was a promising replacement graft.

Objective To observe adhesion and growth of Sehwann cells(SCs) on small intestinal submueosa(SIS) and study the bioeompatibility of SIS with SCs.Methods The SCs of SD neonate rat were isolated and cultured in vitro,then were seeded on prepared SIS.At different times,the adhesion,growth and proliferation of SCs on SIS were observed by phase contrast microscope,histological examination,scanning e- lectron microscope and transmission electron microscope.Results By phase contrast microscope,SCs grew well on the edge of SIS after 3 and 5 days.SCs adhered tightly on the surface of SIS after 5 days through histo- logical examination.By scanning electron microscope,on the surface of SIS,SCs grew and adhered actively, prominence of cells body were obvious.They connected end-to-end with each other or arranged in clusters. Protein granules were secreted on cells surface.By transmission electron microscope,SCs grew in good condi- tion and adhered tightly on the surface of SIS.At the interface of SCs and SIS,prominence was seen to contact with SIS in the bottom of cell body.Conclusion SCs are able to adhere and grow well on the surface of SIS.As a scaffold,SIS has good biocompatibility with SCs.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of locally administered dexamethasone for prevention of low back pain after labor epidural analgesia.Methods Two hundred nulliparous parturients who required labor epidural analgesia,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =100 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and dexamethasone group (group D)).In group D,lidocaine 4 ml and dexamethasone 1 ml (5 mg) were injected around the puncture site.In group C,lidocaine 4 ml and normal saline 1 ml were injected around the puncture site.Epidural puncture was performed after local administration.According to the results of epidural puncture,each group was further divided into two subgroups:single puncture group (Cs subgroup,Ds subgroup) and repetitive puncture group (Cr subgroup,Dr subgroup).The patients were followed up for 72 h,and the development of low back pain was recorded.Results Compared to group C,the incidence of low back pain was significantly decreased,and pain was reduced in group D.The incidence of low back pain was significantly lower in Ds group than in Cs group,and in Dr group than in Cr group.Conclusion Locally administered dexamethasone 5 mg is helpful in reducing low back pain after labor epidural anesthesia.

OBJECTIVETo explore the reason of postoperative axial pain (PAP) complication caused by unilaterally open-door cervical laminoplasty with Centerpiece mini-plate fixations for the treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy(CSM).

METHODSThe clinical data of 79 patients with CSM who underwent unilaterally open-door cervical laminoplasty from January 2010 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 45 males and 34 females, aged from 48 to 75 years old with an average of (58.7±4.4) years, complicated with ossified posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL) of 42 cases. Courses of disease were from 2.1 to 3.9 years with an average of (3.0±0.4) years. Decompression segment occurred in C₃-C₆ of 31 cases, C₃-C₇ of 9 cases, C₄-C₇ of 39 cases. The condition of PAP was record. Cervical curvature index, cervical lordosis angle, the rate of cervical instability, the motion of flexion and extension between PAP group and non-PAP group were compared preoperatively. Multivariate non-linear regression analysis was used to verify relationship between aforementioned parameters and incidence of PAP. JOA score of preoperative, postoperative 6 months and initial onset of PAP, the improvement rate of JOA score and Odom criteria at final follow-up were used to evaluate curative efficacy.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up from 26 to 44 months with an average of (36±9) months. Among them, 12 patients occurred PAP who receive the conservative treatment. The rate of preoperative cervical instablility of PAP group were higher than that of non-PAP group(<0.05). Preoperative cervical instability was the only independent risk factor in predicting occurrence of PAP. There were no significant differences in cervical curvature, cervical lordosis index, the motion of flexion and extension between PAP and non-PAP group before operation. There were no significant differences in the improvement of nerve function and clinical effect between PAP and non-PAP group after operation(>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative cervical instability is prone to inducing the respectively intervertebral motion disorder and imbalance of stress redistribution, which results in PAP after cervical unilateral laminoplasty. Correct treatment of preoperative cervical instability is a key factor to prevent the occurrence of PAP after cervical laminoplasty, which would not affect long-term nerve functional recovery pronouncedly.

Tilianin was separated and authenticated from the seeds of Dracocephalum moldavia, a Uygur medicine, by chromatographic technique and spectroscopic method. The purity of tilianin is more than 98% determined by HPLC area normalization method. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) method was used to separate tilianin from D. moldavia by mixture of chloroform-methanol (5: 1) as a developing solvent on high performance silicagel precoated plate (SGF254) and using aluminium trichloride as a chromogenic agent for qualitative identification of D. moldavia. To establish a HPLC method for quantitative analysis of D. moldavia, tilianin was used as a Quantitative marker and separated on a C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) column with acetonitrile-01% formic acid (25: 75) as the mobile phase and detected at 330 nm. The calibration curve of tilianin displayed ideal linearity over the range of 0.617 2-123.44 μg x mL(-1) with a regression equation of Y = 33.773X - 0.824 8 (r = 1). The average recovery of tilianin was 101.0% with RSD of 3.7%. The RSD values of intra-day and inter-day precision were less than 2%. The content of tilianin in 4 batches of the authenticated semen of D. Moldavia was between 0.016 and 0.187 mg x g(-1). The qualitative and quantitative method established is suitable for the quality evaluation and assessment of semen of D. Moldavia.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Lamiaceae ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Quality Control

Objective The influenza A (H1N1) virus has the characteristic of strong infectiousness and variation. It can threaten the lives of patients. In this paper,we investigated the expression of programmed cell death molecule 5 (PDCD5) in peripheral blood of patients with influenza A (H1N1) and its correlation with the severity of disease. Methods The data of 104 patients with influenza A (H1N1) treated in Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from January 2015 to December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The 104 patients were divided into the mild H1N1 group (n=78) and the severe H1N1 group (n=26). At the same time,104 healthy physical examination subjects were selected as control group. The blood routine,lymphocyte count and PDCD level were observed in three groups. Results The number of leukocytes,neutrophils and lymphocytes of the mild H1N1 group and severe H1N1 group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The number of leukocytes,neutrophils and lymphocytes of the severe H1N1 group were significantly lower than those of the mild H1N1 group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in mononuclear cells between three groups (P>0.05). The levels of PDCD5 and lymphocyte apoptosis rate of the mild H1N1 group and severe H1N1 group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05) ,the severe H1N1 group was significantly higher than the mild H1N1 group (P<0.05). The total T cells,CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells of the mild H1N1 group and severe H1N1 group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The total T cells,CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells of the severe H1N1 group were significantly lower than those of the mild H1N1 group and con-trol group (P<0.05). The level of PDCD5 was positively correlated with the severity of disease and the rate of lymphocyte apoptosis (r=0.872,0.904,P<0.05),and negatively correlated with total T cells,CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells (r=-0.842,-0.805,-0.877,P<0.05). The sensitivity,specificity and area under the curve of PDCD5 to prediction of severe type H1N1 were 92.31%,97.25% and 0.941,respectively. Conclusion The level of peripheral blood PDCD5 in patients with influenza A (H1N1) virus in-fection is associated with the severity of the disease,and it can be considered as an important biomarker to predict severe influenza A (H1N1).

OBJECTIVE: To study the structural features of intestinal flora in preterm rats with cognitive impairment and the association of the change in intestinal flora with cognitive impairment in preterm rats. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats at 16-17 days of gestation were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide for two consecutive days to establish a model of cognitive impairment, and the rats treated with intraperitoneally injected phosphate-buffered saline were established as the control group. Cesarean section was performed on day 21 of gestation, and preterm rats were randomly assigned to healthy maternal rats for feeding. The place navigation test in the Morris water maze was used to evaluate cognition on day 30 after birth. According to the result, the preterm rats were divided into cognitive impairment group with 21 rats and normal control group with 10 rats. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe pathological changes of the hippocampus, and fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing and analysis. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed for intestinal flora. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, the cognitive impairment group showed degeneration and necrosis of a large number of neurons in the hippocampus. Compared with the normal control group, the cognitive impairment group had significant reductions in the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora (P<0.05), with a significant increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria at the phylum level (P<0.05), as well as significant reductions in the abundance of Prevotella and Lactobacillus and significant increases in the abundance of Staphylococcaceae and Oligella at the order, family, and genus levels (P<0.05). PCA showed a significant difference in the composition of intestinal flora between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant change in the structure of intestinal flora in preterm rats with cognitive impairment, which provides a basis for the treatment and intervention of microecological changes due to cognitive impairment after preterm birth.
Animals ; Cesarean Section ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Pregnancy ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective: To study the hearing status and analyze the related influencing factors in noise-exposed workers in an automobile manufacture enterprise, and put forward suggestions for prevention of noise-induced hearing loss. Methods: Noise exposure level testing, audiometry testing and questionnaires were performed for noise exposed workers in the automobile manufacture enterprise. To analyze the relationship between different factors and noise-induced hearing loss by cumulative noise exposure(CNE) calculated 8-hour continuous A-weighted equivalent noise level and seniority. Results: The detection rate of hearing loss in noise-exposed workers was 22.8%. The noise exposure intensity of stamping workshop is higher than other workshop, and the hearing loss detection rate of stamping workshop workers is higher than other workshop workers. The detection rate of hearing loss has significant difference in L_{Aeq·8 h}, seniority, CNE, age, high temperature and wearing earplugs (P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that CNE, age and high-temperature were risk factors for noise-induced hearing loss (P<0.05 and OR>1) and there was an increasing tendency of hearing loss with increase in length of service and CNE, while using of earplugs was a protective factor (P<0.05 and OR<1). With the increase of CNE, the incidence of hearing loss is the rising trend. Conclusion It is suggested to strengthen the noise control and individual protection and improve the high-temperature working environment, which plays an important role in reducing the occurrence of noise-induced hearing loss.

OBJECTIVETo explore the podocyte injury in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and analyze its relationship with glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and proteinuria.

METHODSThe clinical data of 48 patients diagnosed as DN by renal biopsy were reviewed. All patients were divided into two groups according to proteinuria (>3.5 g/d, n=31 and 3.5 g/d, n=17). The density of podocytes was illustrated by immunohistochemistry staining of Wilms tumor-1 (WT-1), and the immunofluorescence double-staining results of synaptopodin and GRP78 in podocytes were detected.

RESULTSThe podocyte dentistry of urine protein > 3.5 g/d group was significantly lower than that of urine protein>3.5 g/d group urine protein<3.5 g/d group(P=0.003), and it was negatively correlated with proteinuria (P=0.005). The expressions of synaptopodin and GRP78 in podocytes were also negatively correlated with proteinuria (P=0.004 and P=0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe podocyte injury is aggravated with increased proteinuria in DN patients, along with the decrease of the adaptive ability of endoplasmic reticulum to stress.

Adult ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Podocytes ; pathology ; Proteinuria ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo understand the current epidemic situation and high risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among paid blood donors living in Shandong provincial China Comprehensive Response (CARES) Project Areas.

METHODSAll residents between 20 to 60 years old were selected from one or several counties in August 2003.

RESULTSThere were 19 HIV(+) infections among 661 subjects interviewed. HIV prevalence rate among paid blood donors was higher (3.98%) than that of others (0.48%) while HIV prevalence rate was higher in plasma donors (7.24%) than that in both plasma and full blood donors (2.90%). There was no infections identified in full blood donors. Donors who donated blood during 1994 - 1995 had a higher prevalence rate (7.07%) than those who started donation after 1995 and those began donation before 1993 (0.99%). The rate of condom use was lower among paid blood donors (13.72%) than that of others. There was a lower rate of voluntary HIV testing among paid blood donors than that of others.

CONCLUSIONThe main high risk population of HIV infection were paid donors in CARES Project Areas, whose risk factor was plasma donation and were infected mainly before 1995. Both the rate of condom use and HIV testing were all very low, indicating that they knew little on HIV/AIDS and paid less attention to self-proctection. It is necessary to enhance HIV/AIDS health education and behavior intervention on paid blood donors.

Adult ; Blood Donors ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; HIV Seroprevalence ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plasma Exchange ; adverse effects ; Risk Factors ; Seroepidemiologic Studies