ObjectiveTo study the cardioprotective effects of ischemic post-conditioning on elderly patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEM1).MethodsConsecutive 215 patients with STEMI undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) were randomly assignedto receive ischemicpost-conditioningorconventional PCItreatment.The ischemic postconditioning (n=38) were conducted by 3 episodes of 30-second occlusion followed by 30-second reperfusion, while the control group (n= 46) was without any intervention after PCI.Reperfusion arrhythmias, corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) and TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG)were compared between the two groups, respectively.Results The incidence of reperfusion arrythmias was less frequent in ischemic postconditioning group (21.1％ ,8/38) than in control group (45.7％ ,21/46) after PCI (x2 = 5.571, P＜0.05). The TIMI grade 3 flow was similar between two groups [(94.7％(36/38) vs. 82.6％( 38/46), x2= 2.919, P＞0.05], the cTFC levels (23.6±3.7vs. 26.1 ±5.9) and TMPG 3 perfusion [ 89.5％ (34/38) vs.69.6％ (32/46)] were significantly different (t= 5.434, P＜0.05; x2 = 4.899, P＜0.05, respectively) between two groups.ConclusionsIschemic postconditioning may reduce myocardial reperfusion injury in elderly patients with STEMI undergoing emergent PCI.

Objective To study the effects of different temporal resolution of spiral computed tomography (CT)on perfusion parameters and perfusion curve of cervical cervical cancer.Methods Ten cases of cervical cancer were clinically confirmed with CT perfusion scanning.The original data were acquired using temporal resolution of 0.75 s.Then the original data were grouped according to different temporal resolution,namely,1.5 s group,2.25 s group,3 s group,3.75 s group,4.5 s group,5.25 s group,and 6 s group (experiment group). According to the same mathematical model and ROI of the same part,perfusion parameters (BF,BV,MTT,and PS)in each group were calculated respectively and compared with the original data.Results BF and MTT were relatively sensitive to the change of temporal resolution.When the temporal resolution was 3 s,it had a significant impact.PS and BV were not so sensitive to the change of temporal resolution.Temporal resolution of 4.5 s had a significant effect on PS. There was a significant effect on BV until the temporal resolution was 5.25 s. Conclusion Changing the temporal resolution will lead to corresponding changes of perfusion curve and perfusion parameters.Under the premise that it does not affect the diagnosis,properly decreasing temporal resolution (circu-lar scanning temporal ≤2.25 s)of CT perfusion scanning of cervical cancer can reduce the radiation dose effectively.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of prostacyclin (PGI(2)) and nitric oxide (NO) in the development of hyperdynamic circulatory state on chronic portal hypertensive rats.

METHODSSixty-six male SD rats were divided into three groups, namely intrahepatic portal hypertension (IHPH) by injection of CCl(4), prehepatic portal hypertension (PHPH) by partial stenosis of the portal vein for 2 weeks and sham-operated controls (SO). Animals in each group were divided further into 3 subgroups and received N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), indomethacin and saline (as control), respectively. Splanchnic and systemic hemodynamics was measured using radioactive microsphere techniques. The NO concentration in serum was determined by nitrates-nitrites which were measured using a colorimetric method, and concentration of PGI(2) was determined using specific radioimmunoassay for its stable hydrolytic product, 6-keto-PGF(1 alpha).

RESULTSThe concentrations of plasma 6-keto-PGF(1 alpha) and serum nitrates + nitrites in IHPH rats (1 123.85 +/- 153.64; 73.34 +/- 4.31) and in PHPH rats (891.88 +/- 83.11; 75.21 +/- 6.89) were significantly higher than those of SO rats (725.53 +/- 105.54;58.79 +/- 8.47). L-NNA and indomethacin could decrease the concentrations of plasma 6-keto-PGF(1 alpha) and serum nitrates + nitrites in IHPH and PHPH rats (P < 0.05). At the same time, CI, FPP and PVI were lowered while MAP, TPR and SVR were increased (P < 0.05). After deduction of NO action, there were no significant correlation between plasma PGI(2) level and hemodynamic parameters such as CI, TPR, PVI and SVR. However, after deduction of PGI(2) action, NO was still correlated highly with those hemodynamic parameters.

CONCLUSIONIt is NO rather then PGI(2) that is a mediator in the formation and development of hyperdynamic circulatory state in chronic portal hypertensive rats.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha ; blood ; Animals ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Epoprostenol ; blood ; physiology ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Hypertension, Portal ; blood ; physiopathology ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; physiology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Nitroarginine ; blood ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; omega-N-Methylarginine ; pharmacology

Objective To explore the curative effect of tirofiban treatment on high-risk acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in elderly patients receiving an early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment. Methods The 162 elderly cases including unstable angina pectoris and non-ST -segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) undergoing early PCI were enrolled in this study.And they were assigned to early treatment group (n=82) and deferred selective group (n=80)according to the time of using tirofiban (Gp Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a inhibitor) treatment. The effectiveness of either strategic option on tissue-level perfusion was evaluated using the TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG) before and immediately after PCI. The corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) was also used to assess coronary artery flow and myocardial perfusion. Bleeding complications and the composite end point events at 30 days were also evaluated. Results Of all the 162 patients, the TMPG 0-1 perfusion was observed in 65 patients (40.1%). The TMPG 0-1 perfusion was significantly less frequent in early treatment group (32.9%) than in deferred selective group (47.5%) before PCI (x2=3.58, P＜0.05); while the results of TIMI grade 0-1 flow (26.8% vs. 25.0%) and cTFC levels (34.2±11.8 vs. 34. 9±12. 7) before PCI were similar between the two groups (x2 =0. 07, P=0.47; t= 0.13, P=0.71, respectively). No differences were seen both in composite end point events at 30 days and bleeding complications (x2 = 0.31, P＞0.05; x2=0.004, P＞0. 05). Conclusions High -risk ACS patients treated with an early invasive strategy, routine upstream use of tirofiban are associated with improved tissue-level perfusion before PCI and does not increase bleeding complications when bleeding risks are carefully evaluated before enrollment.

Reverse-genetic engineering of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) can improve the productivity, antigen matching, antigen stability, immune response ability, and biological safety of vaccines, so vaccine candidates with anticipated biological characteristics can be promptly achieved. Negative influence in taming of virulent strains can also be decreased or avoided. Reverse genetics not only make up for deficiencies like limitation of viral nature, low success rate, and time and energy consuming, but also realize more active designing of vaccines. Therefore, reverse genetics is significant in improving integral quality and efficiency of vaccines. In this review, we use FMDV vaccines as an example to summarize improvement in biological characteristics of virulent strains and provide a reference for related researches.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Reverse Genetics ; Viral Vaccines ; genetics ; immunology

To explore a simple and effective method to determinate the volume of CD34(+) cells in the peripheral blood of donors received drug mobilization for stem cell transplantation by using flow cytometry, the mobilized peripheral blood from donors and 100 micro l fresh whole blood were labeled with monoclonal antibodies Anti-CD34-PE and Anti-CD45-FITC, after lying the red blood cells, and assessed with flow cytometer FL2 (log) vs SSC (log) and FL1 (log) vs SSC (log) were mainly used for analysis windows. The results showed that a level of CD34(+) cells in whole nucleated cells as low as 0.05% - 0.1% can be detected effectively using this method when 10(5) nucleated cells were counted. At day 5 or day 6, the level of CD34(+) cells in most samples of patients reached a peak volume, some of samples and the levels were more than one percent in. It was concluded that CD34(+) cells can be effectively determined by using this method. According to the relative rate of CD34(+) cells, the time to harvest the stem cells in blood can be determined.
Antigens, CD34 ; blood ; Blood Donors ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Humans

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) expression was investigated in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients at the chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection, liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stages. METHODS: PD-1 expression in circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was detected by flow cytometry. The correlations between PD-1 expression and HBV viral load, alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) levels and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 5.0. RESULTS: PD-1 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was significantly increased in both the CHB group and advanced-stage group (LC plus HCC). In the CHB group, PD-1 expression in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was positively correlated with the HBV viral load, ALT, and AST levels. However, in the LC plus HCC group, significant correlations between PD-1 expression and the clinical parameters were nearly absent. CONCLUSIONS: PD-1 expression in peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is dynamic, changes with HBV infection progression, and is related to HBV viral load and liver function, especially in CHB. PD-1 expression could be utilized as a potential clinical indicator to determine the extent of virus replication and liver injury.
Adult ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*metabolism ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/*diagnosis/immunology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Neoplasms ; Male ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/*metabolism ; Viral Load

Objective To evaluate the effects of different administration routes of lipid emulsion on bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.Methods Forty-eight clean healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 300-350 g,were divided into 6 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table:Ⅳ infusion of normal saline (NS) group (group VN),Ⅳ infusion of lipid emulsion group (group VL),duodenal infusion of NS group (group DN),duodenal infusion of lipid emulsion group (group DL),intraperitoneal intusion of NS group (group PN) and intraperitoneal infusion of lipid emulsion group (group PL).In VN and VL groups,preheated NS and 20％ lipid emulsion 3 ml · kg-1 · min-1 were infused via the femoral vein for 5 min,respectively,and then 0.75％ bupivacaine was infused at the rate of 2 mg · kg-1 · min-1 until cardiac arrest happened.Preheated NS and 20％ lipid emulsion 15 ml/kg were infused via the duodenum (over 1 min,at a constant rate) in DN and DL groups,respectively,and were intraperitoneally infused in PN and PL groups,respectively,followed by an infusion of 0.2 ml/min for 15 min in DN,DL,PN and PL groups.Then 0.75％ bupivacaine was infused via the left femoral vein at a rate of 2 mg · kg-1 · min-1 until cardiac arrest happened.The time to ventricular arrhythmia,mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreasing to 50％ of the baseline and cardiac arrest was recorded.The amount of bupivacaine consumed was calculated immediately after ventricular arrhythmia occurred (T0),immediately after MAP decreased to 50％ of the baseline (T1) and immediately after occurrence of cardiac arrest (T2).Arterial blood samples were collected at T0-2 for determination of the concentration of bupivacaine in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography.Results Compared with group VN,the time to ventricular arrhythmia,MAP decreasing to 50％ of the baseline and cardiac arrest was significantly prolonged,and the amount of bupivacaine consumed was increased at T0-2 in group VL (P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between group DN and group DL,and between group PN and group PL (P＞0.05).Compared with group VL,the time to ventricular arrhythmia,MAP decreasing to 50％ of the baseline and cardiac arrest was significantly shortened,and the amount of bupivacaine consumed was decreased at T0-2 in DL and PL groups (P＜0.01).Compared with group DL,the time to ventricular arrhythmia,MAP decreasing to 50％ of the baseline and cardiac arrest was significantly prolonged,and the amount of bupivaeaine consumed was increased at T0.2 in group PL (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the concentration of plasma bupivacaine between six groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Ⅳ infusion of lipid emulsion can decrease bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity when compared with duodenal and intraperitoneal infusion in rats.

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological features of advanced colorectal serrated adenoma(ACSA). Methods The endoscopic and pathological features of 156 cases of ACSA and 121 cases of non-ACSA diagnosed in General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University from January 2010 to March 2016 were retrospectively analyzed and compared.Results ACSA and non-ACSA cases accounted for 56.3%(156/277)and 43.7%(121/277)of all patients with colorectal serrated lesions,respectively. The mean age of ACSA patients was 57.79±13.65 years and 89(57.1%)of these patients were male. There was no significant difference in age and gender between ACSA and non-ACSA patients. A total of 161 ACSA lesions were diagnosed,including 71 sessile serrated adenoma/polyps and 90 traditional serrated adenomas. Among the 161 ACSA lesions,there were 29(18.0%)lesions whose diameter≥10 mm, and 84(52.2%) lesions located in the proximal colon, which were more than non-ACSA(84/161 VS 49/134,P=0.007). ACSA was classified under endoscopy into pedunculated type(20/161),sub-pedunculated type(35/161), sessile type(24/161),flat type(79/161)and laterally spreading tumor(3/161), and the distribution of lesion type was significantly different from non-ACSA(P<0.001). One hundred and sixty(99.4%)ACSA lesions were diagnosed as dysplasia, including 158 low degree dysplasia and 2 high degree dysplasia.Moreover,16 ACSA patients were accompanied with synchronous advanced colorectal neoplasia(sACN), and large serrated polyps(diameter≥10 mm)might have a strong association with sACN(OR=4.35, 95%CI:1.467-12.894, P<0.05). Conclusion ACSA is more common in proximal colon and sub-pedunculated type,sessile type and flat type. ACSA diameter≥10 mm is significantly associated with sACN.