BACKGROUND: Bone cement coated by different materials has various characteristics and causes varying therapeutic effects. OBJECTIVE: By comparing characteristics of CPC, CPC/D, and CPC/M/D3 to investigate the preparation of doxorubicin microspheres-coated bone cement. METHODS: Doxorubicin microspheres were prepared with multiple emulsion solvent volatilixation method. Doxorubicin microspheres were mixed with CPC as the ratio of 3:7 to prepare doxorubicin microspheres-coated bone cement. The samples were randomly divided into three groups: CPC group, containing bone cement alone; CPC/D group, containing doxorubicin;CPC/M/D group, containing doxorubicin microspheres. Scanning electron microscope at varying magnification was used to observe structural characteristics and measure the diameter of microspheres. X-ray diffraction was used to estimate the extent of CPC and CPC/M/D samples. The initial and final setting time of cement samples in the three different groups was measured at 25 ℃ and 37℃ respectively. The injectability and interval porosity of different samples were tested. The compressive strength of the specimens was measured using a universal material testing machine to record the maximal compressive strength and breaking strength. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: PLGA microspheres (100-150 μm) were globular and the surface was slick and sly. Micrestructure of bone cement was not obviously changed following mixing with drugs, thus the location and characteristics of drugs in bone cement were not determined. Micrespheres-coated bone cement (100-150 μm) was distributed among CPC powder. All the X-ray diffraction pattern of three different samples was in coincidence with standard X-ray diffraction pattern of hydroxyapatite, i.e., the major peak was located near 32°. Additional drugs and microspheres did not cause new phases. Obvious collapsing was not observed in the three samples following immediately adding in saline, but the collapsing appeared in both CPC/D and CPC/M/D samples after 24 hours. The setting-up time of CPC/M/D was the longest, but that of CPC was the shortest. On the other hand, the setting-up time was the longest at 37℃. The final setting-up time of CPC/M/D group was 45 minutes. The doxorubicin microspheres-coated bone cement showed the best property of injectability among the three kinds of cement. The interval porosity was the highest in the CPC/M/D group but the lowest in the CPC group. Interval porosity of doxorubicin microspheres-coated bone cement was up to 61.67%. The yield stress was the strongest in the CPC group but the weakest in the CPC/M/D group. Additionally, the yield stress of calcium phosphate cement dramatically decreased while doxrorubicin microspheres were coated. However, there was no significant difference between them. The preparation of doxorubicin microspheres-coated bone cement was reliable and the product had good structures and properties.

Child ; Ectodermal Dysplasia ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Family Health ; Genes, Recessive ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Factors

Objective:To investigate whether adjuvant chemotherapy could be beneficial for patients with pT1N1M0 (stage ⅠB) gastric cancer.Methods:From Jan 2010 to Dec 2016, 185 patients with pT1N1M0 gastric cancer who were surgically resected at Henan Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into chemotherapy group ( n=100) and non chemotherapy group ( n=85). Results:For disease-free survival (DFS) analysis, univariate survival analysis showed that age, examined lymph nodes, vascular invasion, nerve invasion and adjuvant chemotherapy were associated with DFS (all P<0.05); multivariate analysis showed that lymph node resection ≥ 16 ( HR=0.363, 95% CI: 0.160-0.827, P=0.016), vascular invasion ( HR=4.117, 95% CI: 1.796-9.436, P=0.001) and postoperative chemotherapy ( HR=4.530, 95% CI: 1.932-10.622, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for DFS. For disease-specific survival (DSS) analysis, univariate survival analysis showed that lymph node resection, vascular invasion, nerve invasion and adjuvant chemotherapy were associated with DSS; multivariate analysis showed that lymph node resection ≥ 16 ( HR=0.344, 95% CI: 0.144-0.822, P=0.016), vascular invasion ( HR=5.113, 95% CI: 2.029-12.887, P=0.001) and postoperative chemotherapy ( HR=4.694, 95% CI: 1.854-11.888, P=0.001)were independent risk factors for DSS. According to examined lymph nodes and vascular invasion , pT1N1M0 patients were divided into three risk categories (high, medium and low). DFS and DSS were significantly different among the three risk groups (all P<0.001, respectively). Conclusion:pT1N1M0 gastric cancer patients are expected to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with less than 16 lymph nodes and vascular invasion may be particularly suitable for adjuvant chemotherapy.

The development of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) has been promoting the better understanding of the anatomy in pre-rectal space for surgeons.If the dissection in pre-rectal space was inappropriate and entered into wrong anatomic planes,it would be easier to cause the proper fascia of rectum incomplete and damage the neurovascular bundies,and reduce the radical surgery outcome and induce urinary and sexual dysfunction,finally,affect the prognosis in patients.For surgical approach in pre-rectal space,the author proposed:Based on the related literatures,transecting the Denonvilliers' fascia (DVF) when it's definitely thickened after cutting the peritoneum 0.5 cm anterior to peri-toneal reflection,entering and dissecting in the space between DVF and the proper fascia of rectum,and forming a typical Three-line feature,including the cutting line of peritoneal reflection,the proximal and distal cutting lines of DVF,which can serve as the mark line and mark plane of the entrance to pre-rectal space.Not only this approach can keep the proper completeness of rectal fascia,but also it maximally reserves the DVF.Here,this article discussed the embryonic origins and anatomic characters of DVF,the structures of neurovascular bundles,dissection in the pre-rectal space,surgical approach and clinical outcomes between DVF and laparoscopic TME.

A new modification method for glass slides was developed and applied to make ThinPrep Pap smears,in order to increase the adhesion ability of cervical exfoliative cells.3-glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GOPS) was coated on the glass slides firstly on the slides,then poly-L-lysine (PLL)was covalently modified onto the above epoxy-terminated slides to form GOPS-PLL double decorated slides.The modified slides were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).The cell adhesion ability effect was tested and compared with traditional PLL coated slides by fixing the cervical exfoliative cells on the double adorned slides.The control test was conducted by the bare glass slides unmodified.The cell morphology of cervical exfoliative cells adhered on different slides was observed under the microscope after Papanicolaou staining.The number of cervical exfoliative cells on the unmodified slides,PLL coated slides and GOPS-PLL coated slides was 1030±300,3283±226 and 4119±280 (n=12),respectively.The data among the three different modification methods showed significant differences (one-way analysis of variance,ANOVA test,P＜ 0.05).The cell capturing effect of the GOPS-PLL slide was the best among the three different modified slides.In addition,the GOPS-PLL slide could enhance the uniformity of the adhered cells and be widely applied to the ThinPrep system for cervical carcinoma screening to increase the accuracy rate of diagnosis.

Adult ; Cholesterol ; Dilatation ; Ear Canal ; Ear Neoplasms ; surgery ; Ear, Middle ; pathology ; Eustachian Tube ; Female ; Granuloma ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Mastoidectomy ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

【Objective】To evaluate the role of serum antimullerian hormone （AMH） concentration in predicting clinical outcomes in controlled ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination （IUI）. 【Methods】 A retrospective analysis of IUI data from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility in our reproductive center from January 2014 to August 2017. According to the clinical outcomes，data was divided into three groups：clinical pregnancy group，non-pregnant group，and cancellation cycle group due to multiple follicular or no dominant follicular develop. The ovarian function evaluation indexes were compared such as serum AMH，basal FSH and basal sinus follicle（AFC）. The cutoff values of the AMH to predict multi- follicular development or no dominant follicular development which IUI cycles were cancelled，and to predict obtain cumulative clinical pregnancy outcomes were calculated according to the ROC curve to cancel the cycle. 【Results】 The clinical pregnancy rates of PCOS patients were from 15.9% to 17.1% ，while the cumulative clinical pregnancy rate increased in repeat cycles （≤3 cycles） was 21.6% ，significantly higher than the average clinical pregnancy rate（16.7%）during the first cycle. AMH levels in the cancelled cycle group were significantly higher than those in the non-cancelled cycle group［（14.1±6.5）vs（10.3±4.3）ng/mL，（14.1±6.5）vs（9.3±4.3）ng/mL， P<0.025］. Compared with the clinical pregnancy group，cancel cycle group and non- pregnant group，the mean AFC of the former two groups were significantly higher［（34.5±11.4）vs（30.7±11.3），（7.8±10.8）vs（30.7±11.3），P<0.025］. In addition，we found that women′ s age，baseline FSH were negatively correlated with the cumulative pregnancy rate of repeated IUI cycles，and women′s baseline BMI，baseline LH，AFC，and AMH were positively correlated with cumulative pregnancy rates. The number of mature follicles on the HCG triggering day，as well as the value of AMH，may be the influencing factor of IUI cumulative clinical pregnancy. By ROC curve analysis，we assume that AMH is more suitable than the AFC to predict IUI cycle cancellation rate and the cumulative pregnancy rate.【Conclusion】Repeated IUI cycles can be improved cumulative pregnancy rate of PCOS infertile couples. AMH，as an important index to measure ovarian reserve function，can be used to predict the the IUI cumulative clinical pregnancy outcomes and cancelled cycle rates：as AMH increased to more than 6.56 ng/mL，the pregnancy rate increased；but when AMH ≥14.72 ng/mL，the risk of cancelled IUI cycles was increased，becasues of multi-follicular developing and absence of dominant follicle development.

This study was aimed to explore whether hyperglycemia during chemotherapy influences the prognosis of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). The clinical medical records of all newly diagnosed patients with ALL at SUN Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital from June 2008 to May 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The median time of follow-up for patients was 2.6 years (range 0.08 to 4.9 years). Patients were divided to hyperglycemia and euglycemia groups according to their blood glucose concentrations during chemotherapy which contains L-asp and dexamethasone. The variables between two groups were compared using χ(2) test, the RFS and OS among two groups were compared by use of Kaplan-Meier and Cox-proportional hazard analyses. The results showed that the hyperglycemia correlated with older age (43.33% vs 19.23%, P = 0.008) and high-risk disease at diagnosis (26.62% vs 4.76%, P = 0.017) , but did not associate with sex (P = 0.059). Patients with hyperglycemia had worse OS (94.2 ± 2.9% vs 83.1 ± 6.3%, P = 0.014) and more poor RFS (64.1 ± 8.9% vs 88.6 ± 3.8%, P < 0.001) at 5 years than their counterpart. It is concluded that the incidence rate of hyperglycemia during chemotherapy correlated with older age and high-risk disease in ALL children, and the patients with hyperglycemia during chemotherapy may have poorer prognosis.
Adolescent ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; chemically induced ; Infant ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; blood ; diagnosis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the proportion of dominant follicles（PDF）on HCG day in young and aged women.【Methods】In total，3 064 cycles of GnRH agonist long protocol and 918 cycles of GnRH antagonist protocol from 2014 to 2016 were retrospectively included. Patients were divided into 3 groups（low PDF，< 20%； medium PDF，≥20% and ≤40% ；high PDF，> 40%）. The measurements regarding the ovarian stimulation characteris? tics ，clinical pregnancy rate was compared between different PDF groups stratified by age and protocol. 【Results】 In patients aged ≤30 years who received the GnRH agonist long protocol，no significant difference was found in the clinical pregnancy rate between the different PDF groups（P > 0.05）. Regarding the GnRH antagonist protocol，no significant difference was found in the clinical pregnancy rate and moderate or severe OHSS rate（P > 0.05）. In patients aged ≥40 years， the clinical pregnancy rate in the low PDF group was higher than that in the high PDF groups（40% vs. 30.88%）in GnRH agonist long protocol. Concerning the GnRH antagonist protocol，patients in the low PDF group had a significantly higher clinical pregnancy rate than those in the other two groups（27.27% vs. 9.09% ，7.40% ；P = 0.002）.【Conclusions】PDF within 20% is recommended for older patients（≥40 years），especially in those receiving the GnRH antagonist protocol.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; immunology ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; metabolism ; Th17 Cells ; metabolism