In this study, 17 kinds of Dendrobium species of Fengdous including 39 individuals were collected from 4 provinces. Mitochondrial gene sequences co I, nad 5, nad 1-intron 2 and chloroplast gene sequences rbcL, matK amd psbA-trnH were amplified from these materials, as well as nrDNA ITS. Furthermore, suitable sequences for identification of Dendrobium species of Fengdous were screened by K-2-P and P-distance. The results showed that during the mentioned 7 sequences, nrDNA ITS, nad 1-intron 2 and psbA-trnH which had a high degree of variability could be used to identify Dendrobium species of Fengdous. However, single fragment could not be used to distinguish D. moniliforme and D. huoshanense. Moreover, compared to other combined fragments, new type combined fragments nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2 was more effective in identifying the original plants of Dendrobium species and could be used to identify D. huoshanense and D. moniliforme. Besides, according to the UPGMA tree constructed with nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2, 3 inspected Dendrobium plants were identified as D. huoshanense, D. moniliforme and D. officinale, respectively. This study identified Dendrobium species of Fengdous by combined fragments nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2 for the first time, which provided a more effective basis for identification of Dendrobium species. And this study will be helpful for regulating the market of Fengdous.

In this study, 17 kinds of Dendrobium species of Fengdous including 39 individuals were collected from 4 provinces. Mitochondrial gene sequences co I, nad 5, nad 1-intron 2 and chloroplast gene sequences rbcL, matK amd psbA-trnH were amplified from these materials, as well as nrDNA ITS. Furthermore, suitable sequences for identification of Dendrobium species of Fengdous were screened by K-2-P and P-distance. The results showed that during the mentioned 7 sequences, nrDNA ITS, nad 1-intron 2 and psbA-trnH which had a high degree of variability could be used to identify Dendrobium species of Fengdous. However, single fragment could not be used to distinguish D. moniliforme and D. huoshanense. Moreover, compared to other combined fragments, new type combined fragments nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2 was more effective in identifying the original plants of Dendrobium species and could be used to identify D. huoshanense and D. moniliforme. Besides, according to the UPGMA tree constructed with nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2, 3 inspected Dendrobium plants were identified as D. huoshanense, D. moniliforme and D. officinale, respectively. This study identified Dendrobium species of Fengdous by combined fragments nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2 for the first time, which provided a more effective basis for identification of Dendrobium species. And this study will be helpful for regulating the market of Fengdous.
DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Dendrobium ; classification ; genetics ; Genes, Chloroplast ; Genes, Plant ; Introns ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; genetics

Objective To investigate and compare the effects of jejunal interposition and Roux-en-Y surgery after total gastrectomy. Methods The clinical data of 41 patients with gastric cancer who underwent total gastrectomy in our hospital from June 2013 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the different ways of reconstruction of digestive tract,the patients were divided into observation group and control group.Patients of the observation group were with jejunal interposition surgery,while patients of the control group were trea-ted with Roux-en-Y surgery,and the effects of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results There was no significant difference be-tween the two groups in the time of reconstruction,length of hospital stay and the incidence of complications(P>0.05).One year after sur-gery,incidence of complications,albumin,total health score,fatigue score,and disgust score of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in survival rate,hemoglobin,total protein,weight changes(P>0.05).Conclusion For patients with total gastrectomy,jejunal interposition and Roux-en-Y surgery had similar effect.But in terms of the long-term effect,jejunal interposition can reduce complications and improve lev-el of nutrition and quality of life.

Background::Hyperthermia in combination with DnaJA4-knockout (KO) obviously affects the anti-viral immunity of HaCaT cells. The mechanisms of this process are not yet fully explored. However, it is known that DnaJA4 interacts with actin cytoskeleton after hyperthermia. Our aim was to investigate the effects of DnaJA4 on F-actin in HaCaT cells following hyperthermia.Methods::Wild-type (WT) and DnaJA4-KO HaCaT cells were isolated at either 37°C (unheated) or 44°C (hyperthermia) for 30 min followed by testing under conditions of 37°C and assessing at 6, 12, and 24 h after hyperthermia. The cytoskeleton was observed with immunofluorescence. Flow cytometry and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of F-actin and relevant pathway protein.Results::DnaJA4-KO and hyperthermia changed the cytoskeleton morphology of HaCaT cells. F-actin expression levels were elevated in DnaJA4-KO cells compared with WT cells (6364.33 ± 989.10 vs. 4272.67 ± 918.50, P < 0.05). In response to hyperthermia, F-actin expression levels of both WT and DnaJA4-KO cells showed a tendency to decrease followed by an obvious recovery after hyperthermia (WT cells: unheated vs. 6 h after hyperthermia or 24 h after hyperthermia: 0.34 ± 0.02 vs. 0.24 ± 0.01, 0.31 ± 0.01, P < 0.001, P < 0.05; DnaJA4-KO cells: unheated vs. 6 h after hyperthermia or 24 h after hyperthermia: 0.44 ± 0.01 vs. 0.30 ± 0.01, 0.51 ± 0.02, P < 0.001, P < 0.01). WT cells restored to baseline levels observed in the unheated condition, while DnaJA4-KO cells exceeded baseline levels in the recovery. As the upstream factors of F-actin, a similar profile in rho-associated serine/threonine kinase 1 (ROCK 1) and RhoA expressions was observed after hyperthermia. While E-cadherin expression was decreased in response to hyperthermia, it was increased in DnaJA4-KO cells compared with WT cells. Conclusions::Hyperthermia affects the expression levels of F-actin in HaCaT cells. DnaJA4 knockout increases the expression of F-actin in HaCaT cells after hyperthermia. DnaJA4 regulates the expressions of F-actin and the related pathway proteins in response to hyperthermia in HaCaT cells.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical features of 6 children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and review related literature, and to provide a basis for early diagnosis and effective treatment of this disease.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 6 children with DMD who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to October 2015.

RESULTSAll the 6 cases were boys without a family history of DMD, and the age of diagnosis of DMD was 1.2-11.5 years. All patients had insidious onset and increases in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase-MB, particularly CK, which was 3.3-107.2 times the normal level. Their gene detection results all showed DMD gene mutation. The gene detection results of two children's mothers showed that they carried the same mutant gene. The muscle biopsy in one case showed that the pathological changes confirmed the diagnosis of DMD. The level of CK in one case declined by 77.0% 5 days after umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.

CONCLUSIONSFor boys with abnormal serum enzyme levels and motor function, DMD should be highly suspected. It should be confirmed by CK and DMD gene detection as soon as possible. And the progression of the disease could be delayed by early intervention for protecting the remaining normal muscle fibers.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Creatine Kinase ; genetics ; Dystrophin ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; genetics ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of acupuncture on blood oxygen saturation in the patient of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in sleeping and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on this disease.

METHODSThirty cases with OSAHS were treated with acupuncture at Shanglianquan (Extra), Fengfu (GV 16), Yamen (GV 15), Fengchi (GB 20), etc. 3-5 sessions each week. After treatment of 30 sessions, apneahypopnea index (AHI), mean blood oxygen saturation (MSaO2), the lowest blood oxygen saturation (LSaO2), oxygen desaturation > or = 4% index (ODI4), the mean blood oxygen saturation of oxygen desaturation when SaO2 < 90%, the longest time of oxygen saturation > or = 4% were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe effective rate of acupuncture was 23.3% for OSAHS. After acupuncture, AHI and ODI4 significantly reduced (P < 0.01); LSaO2 significantly increased (P < 0.01); MSaO2 and the mean blood oxygen saturation of oxygen desaturation when SaO2 < 90% significantly enhanced (P < 0.05); the longest time of oxygen saturation > or = 4% did not significantly change.

CONCLUSIONThe acupuncture treatment has intervenient effect on OSAHS and alleviates anoxia, so acupuncture is one of therapies improving anoxia in patients of OSAHS.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxygen ; blood ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; blood ; therapy

Objective To analyze researches and hot issuses on tigecy-cline against Acinetobacter baumannii around the world.Methods Liter-atures were searched in Pubmed , Embase , Web of Science , and CNKI from the beginning to March , 2014.Endnote7.0 was used to sort out and summarize.Results A total of 227 English articles and 34 Chinese arti-cles were collected and the majority was characterized asoriginal article.Those articles were focused on the basic research of tigecycline against Acinetobacter baumannii in vitro, animal experiments and case analysis.Resistance mechanism , drug susceptibility test in vitro, and drug combi-nation were frequently involved.Conclusion The study on tigecycline against Acinetobacter baumannii increasingly has attracted global concern , especially the study on resistance mechanisms to tigecycline has gone fur-ther.

Objective To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of cefbupera-zone in Chinese healthy volunteers.Methods The study was designed as an open, randomized, self-control study.12 subjects were received 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 g of cefbuperazone, respectively. Cefbuperazone was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. WinNonlin 5.2.1 software was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. Results Linear range of cefbuperazone was 2 -250 μg? mL-1 .The main pharmacokinetic parameters of three doses(1.0, 2.0, 3.0 g) of cefbu-perazone were as follows: Cmax were (81.74 ±15.95),(145.47 ±42.22), (198.16 ±36.03)μg? mL-1, tmax were (1.01 ±0.03),(1.02 ±0.04), (1.01 ±0.03), t1/2 were (1.80 ±0.30),(1.88 ±0.31),(1.74 ±0.27), AUC0-t were (136.37 ±43.31), (263.74 ±93.95), (335.76 ±68.47)μg? mL-1? h, respectively. Urinary recovery rate with 16 h was ( 45.24 ±17.50 )%, ( 48.27 ± 15.18 )%, ( 40.82 ± 14.24 )%. Conclusion The characteristic of cefbuperazone is linear.

Objective To evaluate the antibiotic effects of colistin con-bined with biapenem against 85 isolates of Carbapenems -resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa( CRPA) in vitro.Methods The minimal inhib-itory concentration ( MIC ) of colistin or biapenem against 85 strains of CRPA was determined by agar dilution method.The broth microdilution and checkerboard method were used to determine the MICs of colistin or biapenem and fractional inhibitory concentration index ( FICI ) was calcu-lated according to MIC results.The time-killing curves of colistin and biapenem alone or combination were determined.Results The MIC of all the combined antimicrobials was reduced significantly (P<0.01).Of 85 isolates, 11.76% synergism, 17.65% section synergism, 34.12%additive effect, 36.47%indifference, no antagonism found.At 24 h the combination resulted in more than 2 log10 CFU? mL-1 reduction in viable bacteria compared with colistin or biapenem alone.Conclusion The activities of colistin combined with biapenem are mainly synergistic and additive.

Objective To evaluate the role of vedio-electroencehpalography ( VEEG) monitoring in inter-preting the cortical and subcortical hypermetabolic foci in interictal 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography ( PET) imaging in patients with epilepsy .Methods From January 2008 to March 2014 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital , 3 epileptic patients whose first 18 F-FDG PET scan showed unexplained hypermetabolic foci without seizure underwent repeated 18 F-FDG PET scan in the interictal status proved by VEEG monitoring after discharge suppression by intravenous diazepam .Then compared the first and second scan images.Results For case 1 who suffered from epilepsy originating from medial right temporal lobe , unexplain-able hypermetabolic foci in right frontal lobe , basal ganglia , thalamus, and left cerebellum were present in in-terictal 18 F-FDG PET scan.After suppressing cortical discharge under VEEG monitoring , the second 18 F-FDG PET scan showed that the cortical and subcortical hypermetabolism disappeared , indicating that the hypermetabol-ic foci in the first scan was due to the subclinical discharge in a potential extratemporal seizure origin site , and the existence of efferent network activity from that origin site to ipsilateral basal ganglia and thalamus and contra -lateral cerebellum .The original clinical decision of simple anterior temporal lobectomy was altered based on the findings.For case 2, hypermtabolism was present in a large part of right frontal lobe , which persisted after sup-pressing discharge under VEEG monitoring .While the hypermetabolic foci in ipsilateral basal ganglia and contra-lateral cerebellum became less obvious in the second 18F-FDG PET scan, proving that the original lesion (inflam-mation) with hypermetabolism existed in the cortex , and the hypermetabolic foci in basal ganglia and thalamus were due to secondary functional change .Case 3 suffered from temporal lobe epilepsy with origin undeterminable with clinical information , electroencephalogram , or magnetic resonance imaging .Hypermtabolic left hippocampus was shown in both the first 18 F-FDG PET scan and the second PET scan under definite interictal status with VEEG monitoring , suggested the existence of a hypermetabolic lesion ( tumor ) , facilitating the clinical decision on surgical site .Conclusions For the epileptic patients with hypermetabolic foci in 18 F-FDG PET without sei-zure, repeated 18 F-FDG PET imaging in definite interictal status under VEEG monitoring can help interpret the etiology and define the extent of lesions for better clinical decision-making .