Objective To study the detection rate of early esophageal carcinoma using magnifying endoscopy,and to evaluate the relationship between the imaging patterns of microvasculature change and his- tological diagnosis.Methods Two hundred and fourteen patients with esophageal mucosa roughness,ero- sion,plaque,abnormal color and indentation in conventional endoscopy and 16 healthy volunteers were en- rolled.The magnifying endoscopy images were graded as four patterns by intraepithelial papillary capillary loop(IPCL)changes after iodine dyeing.The biopsies underwent pathologic evaluation.The comparison be- tween the imaging patterns of endoscopy and histological diagnosiswas was evaluated.Results 80.4%(90/ 112)esophagitis was type 2,and 85.7%(12/14)early esophageal carcinoma was type 3 and type 4.The difference was significant between early esophageal carcinoma and normal mueosa(?~2=27.32,P

Objective To observe the sedation and analgesia in surface anesthesia in conscious glossopha-ryngeal LMA for the clinical effect of laparoscopic hysterectomy.Methods 90 patients undergoing elective laparo-scopic total hysterectomy were randomly divided into three groups,30 cases in each group.The observation group (group A):sedation,analgesia,full surface anesthesia,control group 1 (B group)control group 2 (group C)were treated with endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia.At intubation and pull tube stage,the patients'reaction, hemodynamic changes,pneumoperitoneum 1 h blood gas and perioperative complications were observed.Results The mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate(HR)of A group were (92.7 ±10.6)mmHg and (82.8 ±12.1)/min. Those of B group were (98.4 ±11.6)mmHg,(89.1 ±11.4)/min,C group were (111.2 ±12.5)mmHg,(104.1 ± 13.2)/min,those in A group and B group were better than C group(A group and C group,t =6.18,6.52,P <0.01;B group and C group,t =4.11,4.71,all P <0.01).The pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2 )and peak airway pressure (Paw)of A group were (99.6 ±0.4)and (17.3 ±2.1)mmHg,those in group B were (99.5 ±0.5)% and (17.6 ± 2.0)mmHg,group C were (99.5 ±0.5)% and (22.5 ±2.8)mmHg.The differences between A group and B group were statistically significant(compared with C group,t =14.3,8.14,all P <0.01;B group and C group,t =12.7, 7.78,all P <0.01).The incidence rates of perioperative complications and adverse reactions of A,B,C groups were 27%,33%,67%,that in C group was significantly higher than A group and B group(χ2 =9.64,6.67,all P <0.01). Conclusion The laryngeal mask airway was used for laparoscopic total hysterectomy under the condition of sedation and analgesia,and it can shorten the time of the whole body,prevent the difficulty of intubation,emergency airway and anesthesia related complications.

OBJECTIVETo explore combination rules of Chinese herbal prescriptions from effective cases for treatment of unstable angina (UA).

METHODSPrescription data from 156 UA patients effectively treated at Cardiovascular Diseases Centre of Xiyuan Hospital were analyzed using complex network method.

RESULTSAccording to multi-scale analysis of backbone network and pointwise mutual information analysis, core prescriptions from the 156 UA patients were presented as follows: Rhizoma Ligustici wallichii, Radix Paeoniae rubra, Radix Codonopsis, Rhizoma Pinelliae, poria, and Angelica sinensis. Meanwhile, core couplet medicines for these patients covered Rhizoma Ligustici wallichii and Radix paeoniaerubra, Angelica sinensis and Rhizoma Ligustici wallichii, Radix Codonopsis and Rhizoma Ligustici wallichii, Rhizoma Ligustici wallichii and Rhizoma Pinelliae, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and poriacocos, Bulbus Alli Macrostemi and Rhizoma Pinelliae. Among different primary symptoms, there was slightly difference in core prescriptions.

CONCLUSIONThe core prescriptions for the treatment of UA include blood-activating drug, phlem-resolving drugs. As an exploration of combination rules of Chinese herbal prescriptions in treating UA based on complex network, it can be used as a reference for further researches.

Angelica sinensis ; Angina, Unstable ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; standards ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Pinellia ; Plant Roots ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Prescriptions ; standards

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of mitomycin (MMC) intravesical chemotherapy for superficial bladder carcinoma by in vitro chemosensitivity using histoculture drug response assay (HDRA).Methods Forty-one cases of superficial bladder transitional cell carcinoma(TCC) were obtained,including 30 males and 11 females with mean age of 55 years.Of them,10 cases were Ta and 31 were T1 according to TNM stage system (UICC 2002) while 9 cases were G1,22 were G2 and 10 were G3 (WHO1973).All cases had no chemotherapy history before operation and were operated to retain bladder.Tumor specimens were cultured by three-dimensional histoculture.HDRA with im-proved MTT assay was utilized for chemosenstivity test of MMC with 1 g/L concentration and 2 hours exposure.Growth inhibition rate (GI) exceeding 70% was defined as high-sensitive while less than 50% GI was defined as insensitive,others were moderate-sensitive.All cases were performed standard intravesical chemotherapy with MMC 40 mg plus 40 mt saline.Every case was followed up every 3 months.The patients were followed up for 5 years or untill recurrence.Results The MMC chem-osensitivity was different among 41 patients.Thirteen cases were insensitive including 1 of Ta,12 of T1 (P=0.009) and 1 of G1,7 of G2,5 of G3(P=0.101).Total recurrence rate was 39%(16/41) af-ter 3 to 5 years follow-up.There were 1 of Ta,15 of T1 (P=0.059) and 10 of G2 6 of G3 (P=0.016).Insensitive group recurrence rate was 77% (10/13) while sensitive group was 21% (6/28,P= 0.004).Patients in sensitive group showed a longer median time(49.2 months) than patients in insen-sitive group (16.5 months,P<0.001) according to Kaplan-Meier analysis with Log-rank test.The MMC chemosensitivity was independent prognostic factor examed by Cox regression analysis (P= 0.008).There was a 78% correlation rate of chemosensitivity by HDRA to clinical effect of MMC in-travesical chemotherapy.Conclusion HDRA could evaluate MMC intravesical chemotherapy for su-perficial bladder TCC,improve therapeutic effect and lower tumor recurrence rate.

Objective To obtain the normal values of nitric oxide (NO) exhaled throuth nose and mouth in healthy Chinese adults by measuring exhaled NO and analyzing the influencing factors. Methods Eighty healthy Chinese adults were recruited, including 20 males and 60 females. The age ranged from 18 to 44 years old. Chemiluminescence analyzer (NIOX) was used to obtain the values of exhaled NO throuth nose and mouth. The relativity between NO and gender, age, height, body mass index, time, ambient NO were analyzed with Multiple linear regression and correlation. Results Exhaled NO values were (17±8)×10-9 and correlated significantly with height. Regression equation: Y(exhaled nitric oxide) = -58. 524 +0.457X(height, cm),t = -2.985,P <0.01. Transnasal NO values were (819±211) ×10-9 and correlated significantly with age and gender. Regression equation: Y(nasal nitric oxide) = 760. 245 +9.417X1(age) -111. 222X2(gender),t=5. 188,P<0.01. Conclusions Exhaled NO normal values were 17×10-9 and Transnasal NO normal values were 819 × 10-9. Exhaled NO correlated positively with height. Transnasal NO correlated positively with age and negatively with gender.

Endothelial to mesenchymal transition(EndMT)is a process in which endothelial cells lose their endothelial pheno-type and function and gain mesenchymal phenotype and func-tion.During the embryonic period,EndMT is an essential mech-anism for the development of heart valves,pulmonary arteries and aorta.In recent years,numerous studies have shown that EndMT is also involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis,cardiac fibrosis,pulmonary hypertension,and cerebrovascular malformation.In addition,EndMT is also an important mechanism of other organ fibrosis and tumors.Non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)refer to RNAs that are transcribed from the genome but do not translate into proteins.Studies have shown that the abnormal expression of ncRNAs can participate in various diseases by regulating End-MT.Such ncRNAs with regulatory functions mainly include mi-croRNA(miRNA),long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)and cir-cular RNA(circRNA).This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate EndMT in various disea-ses,looking forward to the application prospects of ncRNAs in the treatment of EndMT-related diseases.

Objective:To improve the genetic stability of HBV gene in transgenic mice.Methods:HBV transgenic mice were bred by backcross and double cross.The HBV gene expression and replication were studied with real-time PCR,ELISA and chemiluminescence.Results:The HBV transgenic mice have stably bred to 23rd generation.The serum HBsAg level is 4122.31?2044.74IU/ml;The rate of HBV transgenic mice whose serum HBV DNA reach 104~106copies/ml was 93.93%.The HBV replication and expression were improved markedly.There is no difference between male and female mice about serum HBsAg level.Conclusion:After breeding the HBV gene was expressed stably with high-level in transgenic mice.

Objective To structure the music database of TCM emotion treatment based on the TCM emotion theory and subjective emotion experience, setting the music played by Chinese musical instruments as materials. Methods This study adopted qualitative analysis and recruited 71 subjects (including 274 valid descriptions for emotion elicited by music) to select the names of music and to divide emotional categories of music. Then, 37 subjects (3132 valid evaluation) were adopted to assess emotional categories, degrees of favorite and familiarity for each piece of music by using quantitative analysis. Finally, 3 domain experts were invited to select music, to analyze music emotion, and to construct initially the database for TCM emotion treatment. Results Totally 120 songs were selected and eight emotional categories were divided, which were feelings of calm, refreshing, pleasure, detached, releasing, encouraging, expressing and pouring out. There was a moderate correlation between degrees of favorite and familiarity (average value of correlation coefficients after Fisher Z transformation was 0.50). The scores of anxiety correlated negatively with the degrees of favorite in the type of pleasure (r=-0.41, P=0.017). Accordingly, the methods of selecting music and regulation for five kinds of abnormal emotions in TCM were proposed. Conclusion This study preliminary establishes the TCM emotion music treatment database, providing standardized music and operable methods of regulating abnormal emotion for clinical TCM treatment.

Objective Apoptosis was induced by oxidative stress in nerve cells after cerebral ischemia. It further breaks the dy-namic balance of mitochondrial division of fusion. This study aimed to investigate the effect of butylphthalide combined with edaravone treat-ment on the dynamic change of Drp1 and Mfn2 in rats with focal cere-bral ischemia cells and its protection mechanism. Methods 96 rats were divided into 4 groups according to random number table. The 4 groups were ischemia group,butylphthalide group,edaravone group and butylphthalide combined with edaravone groups(combine group),each group divided into three subgroups(3 d,7 d,14 d). Longa-Zea suppository method is adopted to establish the middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model.Butylphthalide group,edar-avone group and combine group were injected butylphthalide(0.4 g/kg)and/or edaravone(10 mL/kg)peritoneally 2 hours before surgery and 1 day after surgery. The same volume of isotonic saline was given at the same time of the other 3 groups in ischemia group. The cerebral cortex of the left ischemic region was obtained at the day 3,7,14. The evaluation of the curative effect was evaluated with neurological function score.HE staining was used to observe the cerebral cortex neuron morphological structure,protein and mRNA lev-el of Drp1 and Mfn2 was measured by western blot and RT-PCR. Results At the day 3,7,and 14,the neurological function score was higher in ischemia group than the other 3 groups(P<0.05). Compared with the combine group at day 3,7,and 14[(1.06± 0.18),(0.82±0.13),(0.57±0.10)],the neurological function score was elevated in butylphthalide group[(2.02±0.18),(1.23± 0.13),(0.86±0.10)]and edaravone group[(2.08±0.17),(1.23±0.13),(0.85±0.12)](P<0.05). At the same time point,com-pared with the ischemia group,Drp1 protein and mRNA levels were lower in the other 3 groups(P < 0.05)while Mfn2 protein and mRNA levels were elevated(P<0.05). Compared with the butylphthalide group and edaravone group,Drp1 protein and mRNA levels were lower in combine group(P<0.05)while Mfn2 protein and mRNA levels were elevated(P<0.05). Conclusion The protective effect of edaravone combined with butylphthalide is better than single use. Its mechanism may be related to the removing of oxygen free radicals and reducing oxidative stress by edaravone,and the protection of the mitochondria by butylphthalide.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between blood pressure variability (BPV) and combined cardiovascular events in 5-10 years in patients with hypertension.

METHODSA total of 367 hypertensive patients treated in our hospital from January, 2000 to January, 2005 were analyzed, and their BPV was assessed in comparison with 145 normotensive individuals. The hypertensive patients were classified into high BPV group and low BPV group, and the general clinical data and biochemical profiles were compared. The relationship between BPV and combined cardiovascular events of the patients within 5-10 years were explored.

RESULTSCompared with the normotensive individuals, the hypertensive patients showed significantly increased standard deviation and coefficient of variation of 24-h systolic blood pressure (SBP), 24-h diastolic blood pressrue (DBP), daytime SBP, daytime DBP, night-time SBP and night-time DBP (P<0.01). The percentages of drinking, smoking, diabetes and coronary heart disease were significantly higher in patients with high BPV than those with lower BPV (P<0.01 or 0.05); uric acid, homocysteine, urinary protein/creatinine ratio and urinary microalbumin increased more significantly in patients with high BPV (P<0.01 or 0.05). In addition, the combined cardiovascular events in 5-10 years were significantly higher in the patients with higher BPV than those with lower BPV (P<0.01 or 0.05). Logistic multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that alcohol, diabetes, coronary heart disease, uric acid and homocysteine were independent risk factors for cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients (P<0.01 or 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn hypertensive patients, BPV is closely correlated with the long-term combined cardiovascular events, and a high BPV is associated with a greater likeliness of combined cardiovascular events.