Animals ; Benzodiazepines ; pharmacology ; Ducks ; physiology ; Growth Hormone ; blood ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Serum ; metabolism ; Weight Gain ; drug effects

Calcium hydroxide (CH) is applied to improve disinfection of root canals in most root canal retreatment. This study aimed to analyze the CH removal efficacy using 7 different root preparing files (K file, pre-curved K file, EndoActivator, Ultrasonic file, pre-curved ultrasonic file, F file and needle irrigation alone) with apical transportation. Standardized models of curved canal with such apical transportation or not were set up before applying CH to root canal for 7 days. Seven techniques described above were used for its removal. Then the roots were disassembled and digital photos were taken. The ratio of residual CH in the overall canal surface was calculated using the image analyzer image pro plus 6.0. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey test. Results revealed that CH was effectively removed (P<0.05) by using all 6 mechanical methods except irrigation alone. In curved root canals with apical transportation, EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file were found to be more effective in removing CH than the other four file (P<0.001), while there was no significant difference among EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file groups (P>0.05). The percentage of residual CH in the canal with apical transportation was higher than that in the canal without apical transportation (P<0.05). In conclusion, CH can be hardly removed completely. Canal with apical transportation will result in insufficient CH removal. EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file are more effective in the curved root canal with apical transportation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibitity of detecting S100A6 expression at mRNA level in endoscopic ultrasonography guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) specimens and its diagnostic value in PDA.MethodsA total of 18 PDA specimens and 22 normal pancreatic specimens were collected. RNA was extracted for reverse transcription.The expression of S100A6 gene was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction.The cut-off value of S100A6 expression at mRNA level in PDA diagnosis was established through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. 28 patients with pancreatic head masses were selected for EUS-FNA examination,and the value of S100A6 mRNA expression level in PDA diagnosis was prospectively evaluated. The expression of S100A6 protein in PDA tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry staining.ResultsS100A6 mRNA expression in EUS-FNA and surgical PDA specimens (0.05023±0.10120,0.02083 ± 0.02848) was significantly higher than that of normal pancreatic tissues (0.00164±0.00202),both P＜0.01.The expression of S100A6 in 22 EUS-FNA PDA specimens was significantly higher than that of 6 pancreatic benign disease biopsy specimens (0.00193 ± 0.00278,P =0.0009). There was no significant difference in S100A6 expression between 6 pancreatic benign disease biopsy specimens and normal surgical pancreatic samples (P=0.6143).When S100A6 mRNA expression in EUS-FNA specimens over 0.00525 was taken as positive diagnostic value,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in prospective pancreatic cancer diagnosis were 90.01％,100 ％ and 92.85 ％,respectively.ConclusionThe high expression of S100A6 mRNA in EUS-FNA specimens of PDA has good preoperative diagnostic value.

Biliary Atresia ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; deficiency ; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance ; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Citrullinemia ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Humans ; Infant ; Jaundice ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; Organic Anion Transporters ; deficiency

Cannabinoid receptors are one of the most expressed G protein-coupled receptors in the central nervous system, which are potential drug targets for inflammation, pain and drug abuse. Cannabinoid receptors are composed of type 1 receptor (CB1R), type 2 receptor (CB2R) and other receptors, of which CB1R plays a vital role in regulating central memory, cognition, and motor function. Therefore, screening CB1R agonists has potential value in treating nervous system diseases. In this study, the intracellular loop 3 (ICL3) domain of CB1R was replaced with a circular-permutated enhanced green fluorescent protein (cpEGFP). After infecting HEK 293T cells with lentivirus particles, we obtained a stable cell line that was overexpressed human CB1R-cpEGFP after puromycin selection. The interaction between receptor agonists and CB1R led to the change of receptor conformation, resulting in de-protonation of the EGFP, and enhancing the fluorescence intensity. Therefore, active CB1R compounds could be verified by measuring the fluorescence intensity. Using CB1R agonist arachidonyl-2′-chloroethylamide (ACEA) as a positive control to evaluate the reliability of this model, studies have shown that ACEA could induce receptor activation and increase fluorescence intensity, while antagonist rimonabant inhibited receptor activation with unchanged fluorescence intensity. In conclusion, this study successfully constructed a fluorescent probe screening model for CB1R agonists.

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between cardiac troponin I autoantibody (cTnIAAb) and left ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: A total of 131 AMI patients were enrolled. Serum levels of cTnIAAb were measured by ELISA. Echocardiography was examined at the onset of AMI and 1 year follow-up evaluation. Taking left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV) increasing>15% as left ventricular remodeling, 2-classified logistic stepwise regression analysis was conducted to screen 12 risk factors related to left ventricular remodeling. Results: 23/131(17.6%) patients were with positive cTnIAAb and 82.4% with negative cTnIAAb. 49 patients lost contact and in the rest 91 patients, 21.1% were with positive cTnIAAb. Clinical information was similar between cTnIAAb positive and negative patients upon admission, P>0.05; echocardiography showed that 28 (42.2%) patients had LVESV increasing>15% by 1 year follow-up study whom including 10 (52.6%) patients with cTnIAAb positive and 18 (25.4%) negative. 2-classified logistic stepwise regression analysis indicated that BNP peak and positive cTnIAAb were the risk factors for left ventricular remodeling (OR=1.001, 95% CI 1.001-1.002) and (OR=3.552, 95% CI 1.148-10.989), both P=0.028. Conclusions: Serum cTnIAAb was positive in part of AMI patients which was related to increased risk of left ventricular remodeling; cTnIAAb might be involved in pathophysiological process of left ventricular remodeling in AMI patients.

BACKGROUND:Autologous platelet rich plasma and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have certain effects on bone repair,but there are rare reports on the clinical treatment of long shaft fracture bone nonunion using autologous platelet rich plasma combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic effect of autologous platelet rich plasma combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on long shaft fracture bone nonunion.METHODS:Forty-seven patients with long shaft fracture bone nonunion were randomly divided into two groups:monotherapy group (n=22) and combination group (n=25).In the monotherapy group,autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation was performed in the bone nonunion site.In the combination group,autologous platelet rich plasma combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation was implemented in the bone nonunion site.Callus score,clinical healing time,local complications and limb function grade were recorded and compared between the two groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The healing properties and limb function in the combination group were significantly superior to those in the monotherapy group [healing time:(4.2±1.5) vs.(5.6±1.1) months,P ＜ 0.05;healing rate:92％ vs.86％,P ＜ 0.05;callus score:2.74±0.36 vs.2.32±0.53,P ＜ 0.05;limb function recovery rate:77％ vs.84％,P ＜ 0.05].Complications like local skin redness or infection were not found in the two groups.In conclusion,both of the two methods can promote bone healing,but autologous platelet rich plasma combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation has a better clinical effect on bone healing.

Objective To improve the biological fidelity of the thorax flexible body in the original MADYMO child human model,so as to further study pediatric thorax injuries of child occupant.Methods The finite element model of six-year-old pediatric thorax was built by the method of reverse modeling based on CT images.By replacing the thorax model with flexible body in MADYMO six-year-old human model,an improved human model containing biomechanical thorax model was developed.The model was verified by joint validation of two tests,including Irwin and Mertz's method of scaling channel reported in Kroell's adult chest impact experiment and Ouyang's thoracic impact test on pediatric cadavers.Results The response of this established thorax model was in good agreement with scaling channel method and cadaver test data,and the thorax model was much more accurate than the original flexible body model.The resilience of simulation model was consistent with cadaver test.Conclusions The validity of the model is verified,and the results can be further used for occupant injury analysis in vehicle frontal crash.

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis-related factors in patients with type 2 diabetes were studied according to different levels of HbA1C.It showed that HPA axis was normal in HbA1C≤ 7% group[ACTH (18.03±8.39)ng/L,blood cortisol(49.22±8.68)μg/L],hyperactive in 7%11% group with weak feedback regulation[ACTH(26.08±15.41)ng/L,blood cortisol(55.64±24.27)μg/L].These results suggest that HPA axis-related factors in type 2 diabetic patients are different with different grades of glucose metabolic turbulence.

Objective To design,synthesize and screen high efficient small interfering RNA(siRNA) targeting to cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)on rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts(RASF).To further study the effect of specific COX-2 siRNA interfering on mediators of inflammatory cytokines.Methods Four pairs of siRNA for human COX-2 mRNA were synthesized by utilizing RNA design software,while another random sequence was designed as control.They were divided into group A to H.Among them,group A was used as the negative control(CTL),and group B to F were transfected as random siRNA(NC),1#～4#siRNA in order. These siRNAs were transferred into RASF by LipofectAMINE2000 package and PMA(phorbol-12-myristate- 13-acetate)was added into each culture and with a final concentration of 100 nmol/l.RASF was collected 48 hours after transfection.The expression of hCOX-2 at mRNA level was determined by reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and hCOX-2 protein level by Western Blot.The supernatant levels of PGE_2,IL-1?,IL-6,TNF-?and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)of the above groups were detected by ELISA.Results The levels of hCOX mRNA and protein in RASF treated with 4-#siRNA were significantly lower than those of the negative control and other groups.The level of PGE_2 and cytokines like IL-1?,IL-6, TNF-?and VEGF in the supernatant were lower in the 4#siRNA group than in other groups.Conclusion 4#siRNA can effectively inhibit the expression of COX-2 mRNA and the synthesis of the COX-2 protein in human synovial fibroblasts.The level of PGE_2,IL-1?,IL-6,TNF-?and VEGF is the lowest in the super- natant.Thus 4#siRNA has been confirmed to specifically block the COX-2 in human synovial fibroblasts.