Animals ; Benzodiazepines ; pharmacology ; Ducks ; physiology ; Growth Hormone ; blood ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Serum ; metabolism ; Weight Gain ; drug effects

Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood samples of 3 patients from 1 pedigree with congenital nephrogenie diabetes insipidus (NDI) and their 12 family members.The whole coding region of the arginine vasopressin receptor 2 (AVPR2) gene was amplified by PCR and then directly sequenced,A mutation of AVPR2 gene [g1236T→C (L292P)]was found in 3 patients.The patients' mothers were found to have both mutant and normal alleles.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Rehmannia glutinosa oligosaccharides (ROS) on the proliferation of HepG2 and insulin resistance.

METHODThe HepG2 cells were divided into control group, rosiglitazone (3.4 mg x L(-1)) treated group and ROS (0.1-30 mg x L(-1)) treated group. The proliferation of HepG2 was detected by MTT method. Insulin resistant HepG2 cells model was induced by high concentration of insulin, then the effects of ROS on glucose consumption in insulin resistant HepG2 cells were investigated.

RESULTIn the middle glucose culture medium, the absorbance at 570 nm of HepG2 was increased by high concentration of ROS, and decreased by low concentration of ROS by using MTT method, a concentration-dependent manner. ROS increased glucose consumption in HepG2 cells, and showed a better effect at the dose of 10 mg x L(-1). ROS promoted the glucose consumption in insulin resistance of HepG2 cells, improved the sensitivity of insulin resistance of HepG2 cells to insulin.

CONCLUSIONHigh concentration of ROS can promote the proliferation of HepG2, and however low concentration of ROS inhibits the proliferation of HepG2. ROS can significantly improve insulin resistance of HepG2 cells induced by high insulin.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Glucose ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Insulin ; pharmacology ; Insulin Resistance ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oligosaccharides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rehmannia ; chemistry

To study the effect of Tibetan medicine Zuotai on the activity, protein and mRNA expression of CYP1A2 and NAT2, three different doses (1.2, 3.8 and 12 mg x kg(-1)) of Zuotai were administrated orally to rats once a day or once daily for twelve days, separately. Rats were administrated orally caffeine (CF) on the second day after Zuotai administration, and the urine concentration of CF metabolite 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyl-uracil (AFMU), 1-methyluric acid (1U), 1-methylxanthine (1X), 1, 7-dimethylxanthine (17U) at 5 h after study drug administration was determined by RP-HPLC. The activity of CYP1A2 and NAT2 was evaluated by the ratio of metabolites (AFMU+1X+1U)/17U and the ratio of AFMU/(AFMU+1X+1U), respectively. The protein and mRNA expression of CYP1A2 and NAT2 were determined by ELISA and RT-PCR method, respectively. After single administration of Zuotai 3.8 mg x kg(-1) and repeated administration of Zuotai 3.8 and 12 mg x kg(-1), the activity of CYP1A2 and NAT2 decreased significantly compared with control group and there was no significant difference between other dose group and control group. The protein expression of CYP1A2 was significant lower than that in control group after repeated administration of Zuotai 12 mg x kg(-1), and the mRNA expression of CYP1A2 decreased significantly compared with that of control group after single administration of Zuotai 3.8 mg x kg(-1) and repeated admistration of Zuotai 12 mg x kg(-1), separately. The protein expression of NAT2 decreased significantly compared with that of control group after single and repeated administration of Zuotai 3.8 mg x kg(-1), respectively, and the mRNA expression of CYP1A2 decreased significantly compared with control group after single administration of Zuotai 3.8 mg x kg(-1). This study found that Tibetan medicine Zuotai had significant effect on the activity, protein and mRNA expression of CYP1A2 and NAT2.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Caffeine ; metabolism ; urine ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Theophylline ; urine ; Uracil ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Uric Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Xanthines ; urine

OBJECTIVETo establish a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for rapid diagnosis of Vibrio cholerae.

METHODSBased on the ompW nucleic sequence of Vibrio cholerae, a pair of primers was designed for LAMP. The reaction conditions were optimized, and the specificity, sensitivity, and practicability of LAMP were tested using 47 bacterial strains and simulated contaminated sites.

RESULTSThe results of viable bacterium count showed that LAMP was capable of detecting Vibrio cholerae at a level as low as 1.6x10(2) cfu/ml. The minimal detectable concentration was 1.6+10(3) cfu/ml for simulated contaminated samples such as feces and seawater, and 1.6+10(4) cfu/ml for contaminated milk. All the 21 strains of Vibrio cholerae yielded positive results in LAMP, and the 26 strains of other bacteria all showed negative results, with a detection specificity of 100%.

CONCLUSIONThe established LAMP method has high specificity and sensitivity for detecting Vibrio cholerae and is applicable in field monitoring and epidemiological study of Vibrio cholerae.

Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Cholera ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; methods ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Vibrio cholerae ; genetics ; isolation & purification

Objective To study the effect of progesterone on tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α),interleukin-1β (IL-1β),nerve growth factor(NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) expression in the cortex and hippocampus tissue in newborn rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD),and to discuss the protective molecular mechanism of progesterone on HIBD in neonatal rats.Methods Forty-eight 7-day-old neonatal rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham-operated group,hypoxic-ischemic group and pretreatment group.Rats in hypoxic-ischemic group and pretreatment group were subjected to left common carotid artery ligation,then they were exposed to 80 mL/L oxygen and 920 mL/L nitrogen gas in the closed container at 37 ℃ for up to 2.5 h to establish HIBD models.Progesterone was injected intraperitoneally into the rats in the pretreatment group 30 min before hypoxia,and solution was injected into the first 2 groups.All the rats were killed at the 24 h after operation.The levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,NGF,BDNF were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and the expressions of TNF-α,IL-13,NGF,BDNF mRNA were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Results The contents of TNF-α,IL-1β,NGF,BDNF and their mRNA expressions in hypoxic-ischemic group were significantly higher than those in the sham-operated group.In pretreatment groups,the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and their mRNA expressions were significantly lower than those in hypoxic-ischemic group.The levels of NGF,BDNF and their mRNA expressions in pretreatment group were significantly higher than those in hypoxic-ischemic group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Progesterone exerts neuroprotective effect on hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy-induced brain damage,and the action mechanism is related to down-regulate the expression of damage factor and up-regulate the expression of anti damage factor.

A multiplex RT-PCR assay based on GeXP system was developed in order to detect simultaneously human enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) and other coxsackieviruses (CVA4, 5, 9 and 10, CVB1, 3 and 5). Enterovirus detection was performed with a mixture of 12 pairs of oligonucleotide primers including one pair of published primers for amplifying all known pan-enterovirus genomes and eleven primer pairs specific for detection of the VP1 genes of EV71, C A16, CVA4, CVA5, CVA9, CVA10, CVB1, CVB3 and CVB5, respectively. The specificity of multiplex RT-PCR system was examined using enterovirus cell cultures and positive strains identified previously from hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) patients. Serial dilution of titrated EV71 and C A16 cell cultures and in vitro transcripted RNA of enterovirus VP1 regions were used to detect the sensitivity of the multiplex RT-PCR system. The limit of detection for this multiplex RT-PCR system was 10(0.5) TCID50/microL for EV71 and C A16 cell cultures and 1000 copies for in vitro transcripted RNA of nine viruses per assay. This multiplex RT-PCR assay is a rapid, sensitive and specific assay for the diagnosis of common enterovirus infection in cases of HFMD outbreak and is also potentially useful for molecular epidemiological investigation.
DNA Primers ; genetics ; Enterovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; diagnosis ; virology ; Humans ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

Objective To evaluate the safety and tolerability of continu-ous intravenous infusion of innovative calcium sensitizer piperphent-onamin ( PPTA) at a loading dose and a maintenance dose in healthy vol-unteers.Methods A randomized, open, single-center, phase I clini-cal trial in 11 healthy male and female subjects was conducted.Each subject was intravenously administered with a single loading dose of 0.1 mg· kg -1 for 20 min, and then a maintenance dose of 0.9 mg· kg -1 for 24 h.Safety and tolerance of PPTA were assessed by vital sign , dynamic electrocardiogram monitoring , physical examination , laboratory tests and eye exams, according to which adverse events ( AEs) were identified and recorded.The safety and tolerability were evaluated.Results Vital signs of all subjects were stable , and no QTc interval prolongation was observed during the trial.A total of 13 AEs were reported in 6 subjects , among which 9 AEs were the reflections of the effects of PPTA and all AEs were all relieved without treatment.Conclusion The regimen of in-travenous PPTA loading dose for 20 min and then a maintenance dose for 24 h is safe and tolerable.

The paper introduces professor GAO Shu-zhong's understanding on "seeking yin from yang needling method" and its clinical application on the basis of "qi street" and "four seas" theories. Through professor GAO's clinical practice for years, he integrates and extendes the theories of "seeking yin from yang", "qi street" and "four seas" in Huangdi Neijing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic). In this specific acupuncture method, in reference with the theories of "qi street" and "four seas", acupuncture is exerted on yang part of body, e.g. the back and lumber region to treat the diseases of yin parts, e.g. the chest and abdomen, which is differentiated as yin-yang imbalance in pathogenesis. In order to fully explain the clinical curative effect of "seeking yin from yang needling method", the common diseases in clinic, e.g. the disorders of heart, spleen and stomach systems, as well as the gynecology are taken as examples in the paper.
Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Therapy/history* ; Humans ; Male ; Qi ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; Yin-Yang