OBJECTIVETo explore the analgesic effect and action mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) on gastric ulcer rats with liver-depression syndrome.

METHODSThrough open-field experimental method, 45 qualified SPF-grade male SD rats were selected and divided into a blank group, a model group and an EA group according to random number table method, 15 rats in each group. The model of gastric ulcer rats with liver-depression syndrome was established in the model group and the EA group by using chronic unpredictable stimulation combined with acetic acid burning method. Rats in the blank group did not receive intervention. Rats in the model group were treated with fixation and immobilization for 13 days. Rats in the EA group were treated with EA at "Liangqiu" (ST 34) and "Ganshu" (BL 18); EA voltage was 2 V; disperse-dense wave was selected with 4 Hz of disperse wave and 15 Hz of dense wave, and the intensity of EA was according to the slight vibration of local skin and; muscles; the needles were retained for 20 min, once a day for consecutive 6 days; there was an interval of 1 day' and the treatment was given for 2 weeks. The general condition, open-field experimental result and gastric ulcer index were observed; the western blotting method was applied to measure the expression of vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (VR1) in hypothalamus and gastric antral mucosal, and ELISA method was applied to test the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in hippocampus.

RESULTSAfter model establishment, the general behavior condition in the model group was inferior to that in the blank group, which was obviously improved after EA. The range of motion in the model group was less than that in the blank group (P<0.01) while that in the EA group was higher than that in the model group (P<0.01). The ulcer inhibition rate was. 54.95%, and the ulcer index in the EA group was lower than that in the model group (P<0.01). Compared with; the blank group, the expression of VR1 in hypothalamus and gastric antral mucosal in the model group was increased (P<0.05); compared with the model group, the expression of VR1 in the EA group was reduced (P<0.05). Compared with the blank group, the expression of 5-HT an NE in hippocampus in the model group was significantly reduced (both P<0.01); compared with the model group, the expression of 5-HT and NE in the EA group was increased (both P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONEA at "Liangqiu" (ST 34) and "Ganshu" (BL 18) has certain analgesic effect in gastric ulcer rats with liver-depression syndrome, which is likely to be related with lowering the contents of VR1 in hypothalamus and gastric antral mucosal and increasing the content of 5-HT and NE in hippocampus.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Male ; Nociceptive Pain ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin ; metabolism ; Stomach Ulcer ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; TRPV Cation Channels ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To discuss the establishment of gastric ulcer liver depression syndrome rat model and the therapeutical effects of electroacupuncture. Methods As the result of Open-field experimental method, 60 SPF male SD rats were selected as experimental animals. After 7 days of adaptive feeding, 60 rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, model control group, and electoracupuncture group, 15 rats in each group. Except for the blank group, the other three groups were stimulated by chronic unpredictable stimulation to establish rat depression model. Then model control group was once again stimulated by chronic unpredictable stimulation for 13 days;electoracupuncture group was treated at Gan Shu (BL18) and Liang Qiu (ST34) acupoints for 13 days. General state of rats, Open-field experimental results and gastric ulcer index were observed. BDNF was measured by RT-PCR. GAS content was measured by ELISA. Results After modeling for 21 days, except for the blank group, the other three groups appeared listlessness, limb weakness, and fur dry and lose luster, appetites reduced, etc. After modeling for 34 days, compared with model group, model control group had more severe general state than model group. After acupuncture treatment, the general state of acupuncture group was improved. The horizontal and vertical activity sore in model group decreased significantly compared with the blank group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the horizontal and vertical activity sore in model control group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and increased significantly in the electroacupuncture group (P<0.01). Ulcer index in the model group increased significantly compared with the blank group (P<0.01). Ulcer index in the model control group increased significantly compared with the model group (P<0.01). Ulcer index in electroacupuncture group decreased significantly (P<0.01). BDNF mRNA expression in hippocampus of model group decreased significantly compared with the blank group (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the BDNF mRNA expression in hippocampus of model control group decreased significantly (P<0.05). The BDNF mRNA expression in the electroacupuncture group increased significantly (P<0.01). The GAS content in the model group increased significantly compared with the blank group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the GAS content in the model control group increased significantly (P<0.05). The GAS content in the electroacupuncture group decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion The establishment of depressive rat gastric ulcer model which combining disease and syndrome together proves the feasibility of this animal experimental model. Electroacupuncture for Gan Shu (BL18) and Liang Qiu (ST34) can improve the efficacy of this model.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Breast ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Sarcoma ; pathology ; Spleen ; pathology ; Splenic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

This study was to build a canine portal hypertension model by intra-portal administration of high polymer material polyurethane and organic solvent tetrahydrofuran mixed solutions in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the model. Twelve local crossbreed dogs were selected randomly, with intra-portal administration of 8% (weight/volume) polyurethane- tetrahydrofuran solutions through an incision in the upper abdomen to build the portal hypertension model. We measured the portal vein pressure before modeling, during modeling, and four-, eight-, and twelve- weeks after modeling, respectively. Then we evaluated the effectiveness of the model comparing values of data with those data obtained before modeling started, which were regarded as the normal values. The results showed that the portal vein pressure rose by 2. 5 times after the solution administrated instantly as much as that before modeling, and maintained at 1. 5 times after 4 weeks. This method presents an easy operation, low animal mortality and reliable model of portal hypertension. Its less abdominal adhesions and its ability in keeping normal anatomic structure specially make it suit for surgical research of portal hypertension.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Furans ; adverse effects ; Hypertension, Portal ; Polyurethanes ; adverse effects ; Portal Vein ; physiopathology

Objective To explore characteristics of sleep structure and the correlation with cognitive function in cerebral infarction combined with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (CI-OSAHS).Methods The patients with CI-OSAHS and OSAHS in Department of Neurology and Breathing Sleep Monitoring Room of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from December 2009 till March 2011 were collected All the patients completed polysomography(PSG).Sixty patients were selected and divided into 3 groups based on PSG.These 3 groups were combined group 20 persons (CI-OSAHS),OSAHS group 20persons (OSAHS) and control group 20 persons (without cerebral infarction obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome).All the patients completed image examinations ( CT and MRI ) evaluation of the cognitive function by Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA).Results Sleep structure:the awake time,non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) 1,NREM 2 and NREM periods in combined group and OSAHS group were significantly longer,the NREM3 + 4 and rapid eye movement(REM) periods were shorter than the control group.The NREM and NREM 1 periods in combined group were longer,the NREM 3 +4 and REM periods were shorter than the OSAHS group.The correlation analysis of cognitive function and breathing disorders and low oxygen related index:there was negative correlation between the total scores of cognitive function (MMSE and MoCA)and apnea hyponea index,oxygen desaturation index (ODI) ( MMSE r =-0.450,-0.671,MoCA r =-0.486,- 0.494,all P ＜0.05) while,was positive correlation between them and noctumal average hypoxemia and minimum hypoxemia ( MMSE r =0.477,0.485,MoCA r =0.507,0.482,all P ＜0.05) in the OSAHS group.There was negative correlation between ODI,arousal index and the total scores of MoCA in the combined group (MoCA r=-0.463,0.480,both P＜0.05),there was correlation between the total scores of MMSE and the other sleep parameters,but,there was no difference in statistics.The correlation analysis of cognitive function and sleep stages:There was positive correlation between the total scores of cognitive function ( MMSE and MoCA) and the NREM 3 + 4 periods ( r =0.521,0.474,both P ＜ 0.05 ) while,there was negative correlation between the total scores of MMSE and the N REM 1 + 2 periods (r =-0.458,P ＜ 0.05 )in the OSAHS group.There was positive correlation between the REM period and the total scores of MoCA (r =0.472,P ＜ 0.05 ).There was correlation between the total scores of MMSE and the sleep structure,but,there was no difference in statistics in combined group.Conclusions Patients with OSAHS have obvious sleep structure disorder.The awake time and light sleep periods are significantly longer than the control group,while,the deep sleep and REM periods are significantly shorter than the control group.The NREM 1 of the patients with CI-OSAHS is longer than the patients with OSAHS.The higher the AHI,the lower the night blood oxygen,the more obvious cognitive dysfunction The longer the awake time,the longer the light sleep,the shorter the deep sleep and REM periods,the more serious cognitive dysfunction.The correlation between the cognitive impairment and low oxygen is more apparent than sleep structure.There is apparent correlation among the total scores of MoCA,the degree of hypoxia and sleep structure in the patients with CI-OSAHS.The total scores of MoCA are more sensitivity than MMSE in mild vascular cognitive impairment.

Aim To observe the rapid antidepressant effect of Yuejuganmaidazao Decoction on postpatum de-pression offspring , and analyze its influence on the Akt and mTOR expression .Methods After postpartum de-pression model was established , the offsprings were randomly divided into the following groups: control group(CTL-F1,n =8), vehicle group (Veh,n =8) and YG group ( YG, n =8 ) .Veh group was treated with vehicle , YG group was treated with Yueju gan-maidazao Decoction(8.3 g· kg -1 ).Forced swimming test(FST) was measured 24 hours after single adminis-tration.The phosphorylation and total level of Akt and m-TOR in the hippocampus was detected by Western blot.Results The immobility time in YG group was significantly shorter than that in Veh group ( P <0.01 ) , and the expression of p-Akt and p-mTOR in the hippocampus was significantly increased ( P <0.05 ) .Conclusion Yuejuganmaidazao Decoction may rapidly alleviate depression-like behaviors of PPD offsprings through upregulation of Akt and mTOR ex-pression .

Objective To identify clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors through a retrospective analysis of 404 colon cancer patients.Methods A total of 404 patients(209 of them were followed up with inquisition) with colon cancer were surgically treated from 1993 to 2003 and studied by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results Using univariate analysis age of patients,it was found that differentiation degree of the tumors,lymphatic invasion,abdominal and distant metastases,TNM stage and adjuvant radiotherapy were associated with outcome.(2)Multivariate analysis showed that only abdominal and distant metastases and TNM stage were associated with prognosis.Conclusion Multivariate analysis proved following list are independent prognostic factors: abdominal,distant metastases and TNM stage.

Locoweeds are presently defined as those species of the genera Oxytropis and Astragalus (family Leguminosae) that specifically contain the key toxic constituent,swainsonine.After ingesting locoweeds,livestock can develop poisoning disease characterized by chronic dysfunction of the nervous system,which causes severe economic losses to the pastoral areas.In addition,swainsonine has attracted a great attention from toxicology and medicine fields,due to its dual role of toxicity and pharmacological activity.This review not only summarizes the latest research progress of toxicity and its poisoning mechanism,pharmacological activity,source,and biosynthesis pathway of swainsonine,but also speculates the possible regulatory enzymes involved in the synthesis pathway.Moreover,the future research on swainsonine is also looked ahead,which provide references for the prevention and treatment of locoism.

Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of diclofenac sodium microemulsions in human. Methods: According to the crossover design, each volunteer was orally given diclofenac sodium microemulsion and diclofenac sodium tablet. The serum concentrations were determined by RP-HPLC with UV-detector. The concentration-time data were analyzed using 3P87 Pharmacokinetic Program and the pharmacokinetics parameters were compared by paired t-test. Results: It was found that diclofenac sodium in serum was linear within the range of 50-8 000 μg/L. The minimum detection concentration was 30 μg/L. The mean rate of recovery was (100.55±1.56)%. After a single oral dose, AUC0～∞ were 5.563，7.891 μg*h/ml, MRT 5.489， 5.387 h for dispersible diclofenac sodium microemulsion and tablet respectively. Conclusion: Absorption progress of diclofenac sodium microemulsion in human may be special.

Objective:To evaluate arthrography-assisted reduction in minimally invasive treatment of tibial plateau fractures.Methods:From January to May 2019, 9 patients with tibial plateau fracture were treated by arthrography-assisted minimally invasive surgery at Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hong-Hui Hospital. They were 6 males and 3 females with an average age of 45.5 years (from 27 to 63 years). According to the Schatzker classification, there were 6 cases of type Ⅱ, one of type Ⅲ and 2 cases of type Ⅳ. Arthrography was used to determine the lowest filling point of contrast medium after intra-articular injection and to ensure satisfactory reduction of articular surface after fracture reduction and bone grafting, followed by minimally invasive percutaneous plate implantation. Comparisons were made between preoperation and 6 months postoperation in the range of knee motion and knee scores of The Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS). Knee X-ray films were evaluated by the Rasmussen imaging system at 6 months postoperation. Collapse of articular surface was recorded pre- and post-operation as well as postoperative complications.Results:All the 9 patients were followed up for 6 to 9 months (average, 7 months). All patients achieved bony union within 12 weeks postoperation. The preoperative knee flexion (60.7°±13.1°) and HSS (51.9±5.7) were significantly improved to 122.4°±10.8° and 84.9±5.3 at 6 months postoperation ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between preoperation and 6 months postoperation in knee extension (4.4°±2.5° versus 4.6°±2.9°) ( P>0.05). The collapse of articular surface was improved from preoperative 9.5 mm (from 5 to 15 mm) to postoperative 1.3 mm (from 0 to 3 mm). The Rasmussen imaging scores at 6 months postoperation showed 6 excellent and 3 good. No such postoperative complications occurred as incision infection, joint stiffness, loosening or breakage of implants. Conclusion:Arthrography helps minimally invasive treatment of tibial plateau fracture because it can better display fracture collapse during operation and accurately judge indirect reduction of articular surface.