Adenocarcinoma ; surgery ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Prognosis

This study was aimed to identify the main related substance in baicalein in order to provide basic study data for the safety, efficacy and quality control of the medicine. The analysis was carried out on activated carbon and silica gel column. The compound structure was identified by spectral analysis, which included UV, IR, NMR and MS. The results showed that the related substance was identified as oroxylin A. It was concluded that the determina-tion provided scientific data for studying the impurities of baicalein and improving its quality.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the incidence and survival rates of primary liver cancer (PLC) among residents in Yangpu district of Shanghai.

METHODSA total of 9 730 736 permanent residents (male 4 996 390 and female 4 734 346) of Yangpu district in Shanghai were recruited in the study between year 2002 and 2010; among whom 2726 PLC cases were diagnosed and 2427 death cases were certified. The incidence and mortality of PLC were calculated under the analysis of the new PLC cases and death cases between year 2002 and 2010. The rates were standardized by the demographic composition developed in the Fifth Nationwide Census in year 2000, in order to analyze the survival condition of PLC patients and explore the prognosis of surgical excision treatment.

RESULTSAmong the new PLC cases between year 2002 and 2010, 1966 cases were male, whose average age of onset was 59.81; while 760 cases were female, whose average age of onset was 68.93. The crude incidence rate was 39.35/100 000 in male, which was higher than it in female, as 16.05/100 000. The difference showed statistical significance (U = 7.32, P < 0.01). The standardized incidence rates were 21.98/100 000 and 6.96/100 000 in male and female, respectively. The difference showed statistical significance (U = 221.76, P < 0.01). There were 2427 PLC death cases in total, including 1734 male death cases and 693 female death cases. The crude mortality rate was 34.71/100 000 in male and 14.64/100 000 in female, whose difference were statistically significant (U = 6.68, P < 0.01). The standardized mortality rate was 19.16/100 000 in male and 6.06/100 000 in female, whose difference were statistically significant (U = 207.18, P < 0.01). The incidence and mortality rates both increased apparently since males aging over 35 and females over 45. The 1 - 5 year survival rates of PLC patients were 33.95%, 23.11%, 17.04%, 14.42% and 12.29%, respectively. In the surgical excision treatment group (321 cases), the 1 - 5 year survival rates were separately 66.78%, 52.87%, 41.88%, 33.57% and 32.64%; while in the non-surgical treatment group (2405 cases), the 1 - 5 year survival rates were separately 29.04%, 18.58%, 13.30%, 11.16% and 9.01%. The differences in 1 - 5 year survival rates between surgical and non-surgical groups all showed statistical significance (U = 12.78, 10.52, 8.28, 5.56 and 5.12, respectively, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe incidence of PLC was close to its mortality in Yangpu district of Shanghai. The male incidence and mortality rates were significantly higher than female corresponding rates. The surgical excision treatment could improve the prognosis of PLC.

Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo analyze the incidence and mortality of lung cancer patients among residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai from 2002 to 2010.

METHODSThe data of lung cancer cases in permanent residents of Yangpu district were collected from the database of the registration and management system in Shanghai city. Temporal trend in the incidence of lung cancer was analyzed by using annual percent change (APC) mode1. The survivals were calculated using SPSS 16.0 and Joinpoint Regression Program 3.5.1 software.

RESULTSA total of 5726 cases of lung cancer were diagnosed from January 2002 to December 2010. Of those, 3865 were males with an average age of onset 70.08 years, and 1861 were females with an average age of onset 70.88 years. The crude incidence rate was 77.36/10(5) in men, significantly higher than 39.31/10(5) in women (U = 24.84, P < 0.01). The standardized incidence rate was 25.23/10(5) in men, significantly higher than 13.47/10(5) in women (U = 13.24, P < 0.01). A total of 5248 cases died of the disease in this period. Of those, 3586 were men. The crude mortality was 71.77/10(5) in men, significantly higher than 35.11/10(5) in women (U = 24.67, P < 0.01). The standardized mortality was 21.72/10(5) in men, significantly higher than 11.08/10(5) in women (U = 13.01, P < 0.01). Both the incidence and mortality rates increased apparently in those older than 45 years. The 1- to 5-year survival rates in all cases were 37.42%, 22.71%, 15.73%, 12.32%, and 10.53%, respectively. The 1- to 5-year survival rates in male cases were significantly lower than those in female cases (P < 0.05 for each comparison). The 1- to 5-year survival rates of the patients whose tumor had been surgically removed were significantly higher than those in the patients without surgery (P < 0.05 for each comparison).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of lung cancer is close to the mortality in the residents of Yangpu District of Shanghai city. Surgical resection treatment improves the prognosis of lung cancer.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Distribution ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics of Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) in Chinese children in order to provide a reference for early diagnosis. METHODS: With Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, SDS, SBDS gene and inherited bone marrow failure as the keywords, the search period was set from January 2002 to October 2022. Relevant literature was retrieved from the Wanfang Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. In addition, by using Shwachman-diamond syndrome as a keyword, the search period was also retrieved from the Web of Science, PubMed, and MEDLINE databases from January 2002 to October 2022. A child with SDS treated at the Tongji Hospital was also included. A total of 44 cases with complete clinical data were analyzed with reference to the International Standard for SDS Diagnosis. Chi-square test and t test were used for statistical analysis. Evidence-based research was carried out in the form of systematic review. The epidemiology, clinical characteristics and key points of early diagnosis of the Chinese SDS children were summarized and compared with the international data. RESULTS: The main characteristics of SDS in Chinese children were summarized as follows: The ratio of males to females was about 1.3 : 1, the median age of onset was 3 months, and the median age of diagnosis was 14 months. The first symptoms were often exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (31.8%) and granulocytopenia with infection (31.8%). According to the international consensus, the incidence rates of the three major diseases of SDS were hemocytopenia (95.4%), pancreatic disease (72.7%), and bone abnormality (40.9%). The common factors underlying SDS disease were variants of the SBDS gene (c.258+2T>C and c.183_184TA>CT), albeit there was no significant correlation between genotype and phenotype (P > 0.05). Compared with international reports, the clinical manifestations and genotypes of Chinese SDS children are different (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The SDS children have an early age of onset and significant individual difference. It is necessary to analyze the case-related data to facilitate early recognition, diagnosis and clinical intervention.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Bone Marrow Diseases/therapy* ; China ; East Asian People ; Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency/therapy* ; Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome/therapy*

OBJECTIVETo explore the impact factors and treatment of post pancreatoduodenectomy complications.

METHODSThe clinical data of 412 cases between January 1995 and April 2010 underwent pancreatoduodenectomy were analyzed retrospectively. There were 232 male, 180 female. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression model were used to identify the risk factors related to occurrence of postoperative complications.

RESULTSThe overall postoperative morbidity rate was 37.1% (153/412), and mortality rate was 4.6% (19/412). Total uncinate process resection, type of pancreatic-enteric anastomosis, duct diameter and pancreatic texture had effects on postoperative pancreatic fistula statistically. Total uncinate process resection, the amount of intra-operative blood loss ≥ 600 ml and pancreatic fistula were identified as significant risk factors for post pancreatoduodenectomy hemorrhage by means of univariate analysis. Delayed gastric empting occurrence in the patients with pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was higher than those with standard pancreaticoduodenectomy significantly. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that duct diameter and pancreatic texture were the independent risk factors of pancreatic fistula. Total uncinate process resection, the amount of intra-operative blood loss ≥ 600 ml and pancreatic fistula were independent risk factors of bleeding. There were no statistically significant differences between the radical group and the standard group when postoperative complication rates were analyzed (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPancreaticojejunal anastomoses by means of duct-to-mucosa is fit for the patients with dilated pancreatic duct and end-to-end invaginated pancreaticojejunostomy is fit for the patients with undilated pancreatic duct. The prevention of postoperative bleeding depends on total uncinate process resection and meticulous hemostatic technique during operation. The pancreatic fistula is one of the most important factors which can result in postoperative bleeding. Pancreaticoduodenectomy combines with SMV/PV resection and extended lymphadenectomy do not significantly increase the morbidity rates.

Aged ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

The paradigm of a real world study has become the frontiers of clinical researches, especially in the field of Chinese medicine, all over the world in recent years. In this paper, ethical issues which probably exist in real-world studies are raised and reviewed. Moreover, some preliminary solutions to these issues such as protecting subjects during the process of real-world studies and performing ethical review are raised based on recent years' practices to enhance the scientificity and ethical level of real-world studies.
Biomedical Research ; ethics ; methods ; Humans

OBJECTIVEThis study was to clarify E-cadherin expressions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its correlation with patients' prognosis.

METHODSTissue microarrays (TMAs) containing specimens from 365 different NSCLC were constructed, covering all stages and almost all histological types of this disease. Slides were immunohistochemically stained with antibodies against E-cadherin. Expression pattern of the protein was analyzed with relation to the clinicopathological. Correlations of the results with patients' overall survival were also examined.

RESULTSImmunohistochemical staining revealed that E-cadherin protein was localized mainly on membranes and the cytoplasm of NSCLC tumors cells. Reduced E-cadherin expression was evident in 32.1%. Reduced E-cadherin expression significantly correlated with lymph nodes metastasis (chi(2) = 16.430, P = 0.001), histological dedifferentiation (chi(2) = 9.243, P = 0.010) and advanced clinical stage (chi(2) = 9.421, P = 0.024). There was no significant difference in E-cadherin expression between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. E-cadherin reduced expression correlated with a poor prognosis (P < 0.0001) in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed a significantly lower survival probability for patients with reduced E-cadherin (P < 0.001), and E-cadherin was an independent prognostic factor for survival of NSCLC patients.

CONCLUSIONSIt suggests that dysfunction of E-cadherin has an important impact in the progression of lung cancer. As an independent prognostic factor, expression of E-cadherin can predict outcome of different group, together with conventional prognostic factors, and subsequently make appropriate management.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cadherins ; biosynthesis ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; mortality ; secondary ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; mortality ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

Objective ] To analyze the incidence and mortality of liver cancer and survival situation among permanent residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai from January 2002 to December 2012, and compare these data with the statistics obtained from Qidong City of Jiangsu Province. [ Methods] The data on liver cancer among permanent residents in Yangpu District were collected from the database of cancer registration and management system in Shanghai.The temporal trend in the incidence and mortality of liver cancer was assessed and compared with the related statistical data from Qidong City of Jiangsu Province.Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test was performed for survival analysis. [ Results] A total of 3 389 cases of liver cancer were diagnosed from January 2002 to December 2012 . The standardized incidence rate was 15.70/105 in males, significantly higher than 5.45/105 in females ( P<0.05) .A total of 3 026 cases died of liver cancer during this period.The standardized mortality rate was 13.38/105 in males and 4.66/105 in females ( P<0.05).The median survival time was 0.41 years in total, 1.40 years in those who received surgery, significantly higher than 0.35 years in those without surgery ( P <0.05 ) .The ratios between Yangpu District and Qidong City were around 1 ∶3 in both incidence and mortality rates, and about 2 ∶1 in survival rate. [ Conclusion] The mortality of liver cancer close to its incidence among permanent residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai during 2002-2012. Both the incidence and mortality of liver cancer were significantly higher in males than in females.Surgical resection significantly prolongs overall survival time and improves prognosis.Early diagnosis and prompt surgical resection can improve the overall survival rate of liver cancer patients.HBV infection may be the major risk factor of liver cancer in Yangpu District, while liver cancer in Qidong City is likely to be caused by the interaction among many factors including HBV infection, exposure to aflatoxin, genetic factors, drinking water pollution, and lack of microelement.

A temperature-responsive hydrophilic block copolymer fluorescence sensor based on selective analysis of Al3+was designed and synthesized. The polymer fluorescent probe (L64-BTPA-SHMA) was synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and characterized by 1 H NMR,and the recognition performance of the polymer probe was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. It was found that the fluorescence response of Al3+detected by this polymer fluorescence probe was significantly affected by temperature. The higher the temperature, the lower the fluorescence intensity was observed. The results showed that 0.1 g/L polymer fluorescent probe had a good selectivity to Al3+in buffer solution at 25℃and pH 7.4,and was not affected by other metal ions. A fluorescence detection method based on this polymer probe for Al3+was developed. In this method,the fluorescence intensity was linear with Al3+concentration in the range of 2. 0 -18. 0 μmol/L, with a correlation coefficient of 0. 9977 and a detection limit of 1.43 μmol/L. The fluorescence response between the polymer fluorescence chemosensor and Al3+could be altered by controlling the temperature change. The successful application of the polymer fluorescence probe for detecting Al3+residues in agricultural products has practical application value.